Three fixed historical periods

Read the economy through three eras

Every chart uses the same labeled periods. There is no page-wide selection to remember as you move between topics.

Formation1970–1990

Integration1990–2010

Current era2010–2024

01 · Economic overview

What should a reader know first?

Latest values orient the reader; the three-era analysis below shows how the economic record developed.

Nominal GDP$33.22B2024 · Latest current-price total · World rank 110 of 210

Real GDP growth-1.2%2024 · Latest constant-price annual change · Constant-price annual change

GDP per capita$84,4502024 · Current U.S. dollars; not PPP adjusted · Current U.S. dollars; not PPP adjusted

Share of world GDP0.0%2024 · Share of the official world total · Official world aggregate denominator

Largest broad activity50.0%2024 · Largest broad production activity · Other activities

Manufacturing10.0%2024 · Share of total gross value added · World gap −5.7 pp

Economic overview annual rank and index table55 annual rows

Annual core economic measures, world ranks and comparable world indices. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

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Showing 55 of 55 rows

Economic overview annual rank and index table

Iceland	1970	$545.12M	104 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	41.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	Source observation unavailable	Not calculable without a source observation	Not calculable without a source observation	Comparable world observation unavailable	$2,666	25 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	86.4 / 100	287.2 (world = 100)	0.0%	104 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	41.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1971	$693.68M	102 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	42.9 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	13.1%	12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	93.8 / 100	+8.9 pp vs world	$3,365	22 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	88.1 / 100	336.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	102 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	42.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1972	$869.00M	99 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	44.6 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	6.2%	70 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.0 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	$4,154	20 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	89.3 / 100	367.6 (world = 100)	0.0%	99 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	44.6 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1973	$1.19B	94 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	47.5 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	6.8%	69 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.6 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world	$5,625	16 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	91.5 / 100	417.2 (world = 100)	0.0%	94 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	47.5 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1974	$1.57B	95 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	46.9 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	5.7%	73 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	59.3 / 100	+3.6 pp vs world	$7,285	15 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	92.1 / 100	485.9 (world = 100)	0.0%	95 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	46.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1975	$1.46B	99 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	44.6 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.6%	114 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	36.2 / 100	-0.2 pp vs world	$6,679	22 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	88.1 / 100	405.8 (world = 100)	0.0%	99 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	44.6 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1976	$1.73B	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	6.0%	77 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	$7,847	20 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	89.3 / 100	449.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1977	$2.29B	96 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	46.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	8.8%	36 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	80.2 / 100	+4.7 pp vs world	$10,304	13 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	93.2 / 100	533.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	96 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	46.3 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1978	$2.60B	97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	6.0%	79 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	55.9 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	$11,628	13 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	93.2 / 100	516.6 (world = 100)	0.0%	97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1979	$2.95B	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	4.9%	77 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	$13,081	14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	92.7 / 100	513.9 (world = 100)	0.0%	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1980	$3.50B	95 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	46.9 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	5.7%	55 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	69.5 / 100	+3.8 pp vs world	$15,339	15 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	92.1 / 100	549.7 (world = 100)	0.0%	95 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	46.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1981	$3.62B	92 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.6 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	4.3%	69 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.6 / 100	+2.3 pp vs world	$15,667	10 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	94.9 / 100	559.3 (world = 100)	0.0%	92 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.6 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1982	$3.32B	97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	2.2%	81 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	54.8 / 100	+1.7 pp vs world	$14,192	12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	93.8 / 100	520.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1983	$2.86B	100 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	44.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	-2.2%	138 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	22.6 / 100	-5.0 pp vs world	$12,080	17 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	91.0 / 100	439.6 (world = 100)	0.0%	100 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	44.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1984	$2.96B	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	4.1%	89 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	-0.6 pp vs world	$12,378	16 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	91.5 / 100	445.8 (world = 100)	0.0%	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1985	$3.09B	97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	3.3%	93 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.0 / 100	-0.2 pp vs world	$12,793	15 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	92.1 / 100	456.9 (world = 100)	0.0%	97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1986	$4.13B	89 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	6.3%	41 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	77.4 / 100	+3.1 pp vs world	$16,979	14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	92.7 / 100	535.5 (world = 100)	0.0%	89 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1987	$5.71B	81 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	54.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	8.5%	29 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	84.2 / 100	+4.9 pp vs world	$23,238	8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	96.0 / 100	659.8 (world = 100)	0.0%	81 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	54.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1988	$6.32B	78 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	56.5 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	-0.1%	154 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	13.6 / 100	-4.6 pp vs world	$25,308	8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	96.0 / 100	654.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	78 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	56.5 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1989	$5.87B	82 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	54.5 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.3%	147 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	17.5 / 100	-3.5 pp vs world	$23,219	13 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	93.3 / 100	584.3 (world = 100)	0.0%	82 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	54.5 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1990	$6.69B	94 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.6 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	1.2%	121 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	32.6 / 100	-1.9 pp vs world	$26,272	13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.1 / 100	605.5 (world = 100)	0.0%	94 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.6 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1991	$7.15B	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	-0.2%	142 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	31.2 / 100	-1.5 pp vs world	$27,738	11 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	95.1 / 100	619.2 (world = 100)	0.0%	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1992	$7.33B	95 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	-3.4%	162 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	21.5 / 100	-5.4 pp vs world	$28,069	12 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.6 / 100	594.9 (world = 100)	0.0%	95 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1993	$6.44B	99 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	1.3%	120 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.0 / 100	-0.4 pp vs world	$24,401	14 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	93.7 / 100	515.3 (world = 100)	0.0%	99 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.2 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1994	$6.61B	96 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	53.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	3.6%	102 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	50.7 / 100	+0.3 pp vs world	$24,855	16 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	92.7 / 100	499.4 (world = 100)	0.0%	96 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	53.7 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1995	$7.37B	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.1%	174 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	15.6 / 100	-3.0 pp vs world	$27,560	17 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	92.2 / 100	506.7 (world = 100)	0.0%	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1996	$7.69B	98 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	4.5%	98 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.7 / 100	+0.9 pp vs world	$28,579	17 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	92.2 / 100	521.8 (world = 100)	0.0%	98 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.7 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1997	$7.72B	101 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	51.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	4.1%	117 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	43.4 / 100	+0.3 pp vs world	$28,456	14 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	93.7 / 100	529.3 (world = 100)	0.0%	101 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	51.2 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1998	$8.64B	96 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	53.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	7.0%	41 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	80.5 / 100	+4.2 pp vs world	$31,512	13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.1 / 100	597.9 (world = 100)	0.0%	96 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	53.7 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1999	$9.11B	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	3.9%	90 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	56.6 / 100	+0.3 pp vs world	$32,826	13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.1 / 100	607.5 (world = 100)	0.0%	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2000	$9.14B	94 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.6 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	4.9%	80 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	61.5 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world	$32,495	12 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.6 / 100	591.9 (world = 100)	0.0%	94 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.6 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2001	$8.32B	100 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	51.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	3.8%	83 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	60.0 / 100	+1.8 pp vs world	$29,199	13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.1 / 100	542.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	100 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	51.7 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2002	$9.42B	98 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.5%	167 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	19.0 / 100	-1.7 pp vs world	$32,740	13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.1 / 100	592.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	98 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.7 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2003	$11.56B	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	2.3%	147 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	28.8 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world	$39,933	11 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	95.1 / 100	652.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2004	$13.96B	91 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	56.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	7.6%	44 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	79.0 / 100	+3.2 pp vs world	$47,794	10 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	95.6 / 100	702.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	91 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	56.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2005	$17.15B	88 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	58.0 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	7.0%	58 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	72.2 / 100	+3.0 pp vs world	$57,764	8 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	96.6 / 100	792.8 (world = 100)	0.0%	88 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	58.0 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2006	$17.67B	94 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	5.7%	95 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	54.6 / 100	+1.2 pp vs world	$58,155	10 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	745.8 (world = 100)	0.0%	94 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2007	$21.96B	94 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	8.7%	43 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	79.7 / 100	+4.4 pp vs world	$70,464	8 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	96.6 / 100	811.4 (world = 100)	0.0%	94 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2008	$18.25B	106 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	1.7%	150 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	28.0 / 100	-0.3 pp vs world	$57,471	13 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	94.3 / 100	610.4 (world = 100)	0.0%	106 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2009	$13.21B	113 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	46.4 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	-8.3%	196 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	6.7 / 100	-6.9 pp vs world	$41,469	22 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	90.0 / 100	470.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	113 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	46.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2010	$13.92B	118 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	44.0 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	-2.2%	194 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	7.7 / 100	-6.7 pp vs world	$43,760	25 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	88.5 / 100	458.7 (world = 100)	0.0%	118 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	44.0 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2011	$15.39B	123 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	41.6 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	1.4%	160 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	23.9 / 100	-1.9 pp vs world	$48,236	24 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	89.0 / 100	460.2 (world = 100)	0.0%	123 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	41.6 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2012	$14.94B	125 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	40.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	1.2%	144 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	31.6 / 100	-1.6 pp vs world	$46,577	25 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	88.5 / 100	440.6 (world = 100)	0.0%	125 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	40.7 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2013	$16.24B	124 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	41.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	3.6%	100 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	52.6 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	$50,155	21 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	90.4 / 100	466.5 (world = 100)	0.0%	124 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	41.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2014	$18.05B	118 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	44.0 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	1.9%	146 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	30.6 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	$55,119	15 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	93.3 / 100	505.7 (world = 100)	0.0%	118 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	44.0 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2015	$17.70B	116 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	45.0 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	3.8%	90 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	57.4 / 100	+0.6 pp vs world	$53,484	13 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	94.3 / 100	525.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	116 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	45.0 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2016	$21.08B	108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	6.2%	34 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	84.2 / 100	+3.5 pp vs world	$62,829	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	614.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2017	$25.06B	106 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	3.5%	100 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	52.6 / 100	+0.1 pp vs world	$72,949	9 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	96.2 / 100	677.6 (world = 100)	0.0%	106 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2018	$26.68B	105 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	50.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	4.7%	64 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	69.9 / 100	+1.4 pp vs world	$75,605	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	668.7 (world = 100)	0.0%	105 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	50.2 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2019	$24.99B	108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	1.1%	162 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	23.0 / 100	-1.5 pp vs world	$69,270	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	610.4 (world = 100)	0.0%	108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2020	$22.03B	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	-6.6%	142 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	32.5 / 100	-3.7 pp vs world	$60,103	12 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	94.7 / 100	548.4 (world = 100)	0.0%	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2021	$26.23B	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	5.2%	107 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.3 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	$70,402	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	567.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2022	$29.17B	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	8.8%	28 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	87.1 / 100	+5.5 pp vs world	$76,681	11 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.2 / 100	598.8 (world = 100)	0.0%	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2023	$31.71B	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	5.1%	47 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	78.0 / 100	+2.2 pp vs world	$81,826	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	617.3 (world = 100)	0.0%	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2024	$33.22B	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	-1.2%	195 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	7.2 / 100	-4.0 pp vs world	$84,450	11 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.2 / 100	617.6 (world = 100)	0.0%	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

The long view

Real output, indexed to a shared starting year

Indexing allows the country and benchmark trajectories to be compared without confusing their very different economic sizes.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates - 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

IcelandEuropeNorthern EuropeWorldConstant prices · U.S. dollars · index, shared start = 100

02 · Economic size and world position

How large is the economy, and where does it sit globally?

Nominal scale, real volume and share of world output provide three distinct views of economic size.

Full historical record

Nominal GDP

Nominal scale, real volume and share of world output provide three distinct views of economic size.

Iceland is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates - 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

IcelandNorthern EuropeEuropeWorldCurrent prices · U.S. dollars

Formation1970–1990

$545.12M → $6.69B

Compound annual change: +13.4% CAGR

Integration1990–2010

$6.69B → $13.92B

Compound annual change: +3.7% CAGR

Current era2010–2024

$13.92B → $33.22B

Compound annual change: +6.4% CAGR

Nominal GDP$33.22B2024 · Published series · World rank 110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Real GDP$26.18B2024 · Published series · World rank 110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Share of world GDP0.0%2024 · Derived measure · World rank 110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Economic size and world position: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the economic size and world position section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

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Showing 55 of 55 rows

Economic size and world position: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

Iceland	1970	$545.12M	104 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	41.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$4.50B	94 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	47.5 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	104 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	41.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1971	$693.68M	102 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	42.9 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$5.08B	90 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	49.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	102 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	42.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1972	$869.00M	99 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	44.6 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$5.40B	91 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	49.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	99 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	44.6 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1973	$1.19B	94 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	47.5 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$5.76B	90 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	49.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	94 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	47.5 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1974	$1.57B	95 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	46.9 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$6.09B	90 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	49.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	95 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	46.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1975	$1.46B	99 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	44.6 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$6.13B	90 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	49.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	99 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	44.6 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1976	$1.73B	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$6.50B	89 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1977	$2.29B	96 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	46.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$7.07B	89 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	96 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	46.3 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1978	$2.60B	97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$7.50B	90 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	49.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1979	$2.95B	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$7.86B	89 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1980	$3.50B	95 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	46.9 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$8.31B	89 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	95 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	46.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1981	$3.62B	92 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.6 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$8.67B	88 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	92 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.6 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1982	$3.32B	97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$8.86B	88 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1983	$2.86B	100 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	44.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$8.66B	89 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	100 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	44.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1984	$2.96B	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$9.02B	89 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1985	$3.09B	97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$9.32B	86 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	52.0 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1986	$4.13B	89 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$9.90B	85 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	52.5 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	89 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1987	$5.71B	81 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	54.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$10.75B	84 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	53.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	81 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	54.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1988	$6.32B	78 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	56.5 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$10.74B	84 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	53.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	78 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	56.5 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1989	$5.87B	82 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	54.5 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$10.77B	84 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	53.4 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	82 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	54.5 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1990	$6.69B	94 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.6 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$10.89B	104 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	94 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.6 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1991	$7.15B	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$10.87B	104 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1992	$7.33B	95 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$10.50B	104 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	95 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1993	$6.44B	99 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$10.64B	103 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	50.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	99 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.2 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1994	$6.61B	96 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	53.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$11.03B	104 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	96 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	53.7 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1995	$7.37B	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$11.04B	103 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	50.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1996	$7.69B	98 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$11.53B	106 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	98 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.7 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1997	$7.72B	101 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	51.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$12.01B	103 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	50.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	101 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	51.2 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1998	$8.64B	96 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	53.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$12.85B	103 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	50.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	96 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	53.7 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1999	$9.11B	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$13.36B	104 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2000	$9.14B	94 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.6 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$14.01B	104 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	94 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.6 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2001	$8.32B	100 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	51.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$14.55B	104 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	100 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	51.7 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2002	$9.42B	98 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$14.63B	105 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	49.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	98 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.7 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2003	$11.56B	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$14.96B	105 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	49.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2004	$13.96B	91 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	56.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$16.10B	105 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	49.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	91 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	56.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2005	$17.15B	88 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	58.0 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$17.23B	105 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	88 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	58.0 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2006	$17.67B	94 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$18.21B	105 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	94 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2007	$21.96B	94 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$19.80B	105 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	94 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2008	$18.25B	106 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$20.14B	106 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	106 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2009	$13.21B	113 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	46.4 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$18.46B	108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	113 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	46.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2010	$13.92B	118 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	44.0 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$18.05B	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	118 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	44.0 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2011	$15.39B	123 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	41.6 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$18.30B	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	123 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	41.6 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2012	$14.94B	125 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	40.7 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$18.52B	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	125 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	40.7 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2013	$16.24B	124 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	41.1 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$19.18B	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	124 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	41.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2014	$18.05B	118 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	44.0 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$19.55B	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	118 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	44.0 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2015	$17.70B	116 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	45.0 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$20.29B	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	116 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	45.0 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2016	$21.08B	108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$21.55B	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2017	$25.06B	106 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$22.30B	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	106 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2018	$26.68B	105 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	50.2 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$23.34B	109 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	105 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	50.2 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2019	$24.99B	108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$23.60B	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2020	$22.03B	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$22.03B	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2021	$26.23B	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$23.18B	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2022	$29.17B	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$25.22B	109 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.3 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2023	$31.71B	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$26.50B	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2024	$33.22B	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	$26.18B	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

Current U.S.-dollar GDP reflects domestic prices and exchange rates as well as production. It is not PPP adjusted.

Latest common comparison

Europe$27.20T2024

Northern Europe$6.28T2024

World$111.57T2024

03 · Output and income per person

What does the record show per person?

Current and constant-price per-person measures separate present-dollar scale from real change.

Full historical record

GDP per person

Current and constant-price per-person measures separate present-dollar scale from real change.

Iceland is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates - 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

IcelandNorthern EuropeEuropeWorldCurrent prices · U.S. dollars per person

Formation1970–1990

$2,666 → $26,272

Compound annual change: +12.1% CAGR

Integration1990–2010

$26,272 → $43,760

Compound annual change: +2.6% CAGR

Current era2010–2024

$43,760 → $84,450

Compound annual change: +4.8% CAGR

GDP per person$84,4502024 · Published series · World rank 11 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Real GDP per person$66,5602024 · Published series · World rank 11 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Output and income per person: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the output and income per person section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

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Showing 55 of 55 rows

Output and income per person: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

Iceland	1970	$2,666	25 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	86.4 / 100	287.2 (world = 100)	$21,989	24 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	87.0 / 100	423.8 (world = 100)
Iceland	1971	$3,365	22 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	88.1 / 100	336.0 (world = 100)	$24,657	23 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	87.6 / 100	465.3 (world = 100)
Iceland	1972	$4,154	20 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	89.3 / 100	367.6 (world = 100)	$25,800	19 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	89.8 / 100	471.3 (world = 100)
Iceland	1973	$5,625	16 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	91.5 / 100	417.2 (world = 100)	$27,144	18 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	90.4 / 100	475.1 (world = 100)
Iceland	1974	$7,285	15 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	92.1 / 100	485.9 (world = 100)	$28,308	18 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	90.4 / 100	494.5 (world = 100)
Iceland	1975	$6,679	22 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	88.1 / 100	405.8 (world = 100)	$28,130	18 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	90.4 / 100	496.4 (world = 100)
Iceland	1976	$7,847	20 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	89.3 / 100	449.1 (world = 100)	$29,514	18 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	90.4 / 100	504.0 (world = 100)
Iceland	1977	$10,304	13 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	93.2 / 100	533.0 (world = 100)	$31,879	17 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	91.0 / 100	532.1 (world = 100)
Iceland	1978	$11,628	13 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	93.2 / 100	516.6 (world = 100)	$33,535	17 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	91.0 / 100	545.6 (world = 100)
Iceland	1979	$13,081	14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	92.7 / 100	513.9 (world = 100)	$34,825	17 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	91.0 / 100	554.3 (world = 100)
Iceland	1980	$15,339	15 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	92.1 / 100	549.7 (world = 100)	$36,441	15 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	92.1 / 100	579.4 (world = 100)
Iceland	1981	$15,667	10 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	94.9 / 100	559.3 (world = 100)	$37,567	13 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	93.2 / 100	596.5 (world = 100)
Iceland	1982	$14,192	12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	93.8 / 100	520.0 (world = 100)	$37,867	12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	93.8 / 100	609.6 (world = 100)
Iceland	1983	$12,080	17 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	91.0 / 100	439.6 (world = 100)	$36,565	14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	92.7 / 100	582.9 (world = 100)
Iceland	1984	$12,378	16 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	91.5 / 100	445.8 (world = 100)	$37,672	13 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	93.2 / 100	584.1 (world = 100)
Iceland	1985	$12,793	15 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	92.1 / 100	456.9 (world = 100)	$38,606	12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	93.8 / 100	588.7 (world = 100)
Iceland	1986	$16,979	14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	92.7 / 100	535.5 (world = 100)	$40,726	11 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	94.4 / 100	612.8 (world = 100)
Iceland	1987	$23,238	8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	96.0 / 100	659.8 (world = 100)	$43,726	10 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	94.9 / 100	646.6 (world = 100)
Iceland	1988	$25,308	8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	96.0 / 100	654.1 (world = 100)	$43,009	10 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	94.9 / 100	619.7 (world = 100)
Iceland	1989	$23,219	13 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	93.3 / 100	584.3 (world = 100)	$42,588	10 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	94.9 / 100	602.3 (world = 100)
Iceland	1990	$26,272	13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.1 / 100	605.5 (world = 100)	$42,751	11 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	95.1 / 100	597.3 (world = 100)
Iceland	1991	$27,738	11 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	95.1 / 100	619.2 (world = 100)	$42,162	11 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	95.1 / 100	591.9 (world = 100)
Iceland	1992	$28,069	12 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.6 / 100	594.9 (world = 100)	$40,229	12 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.6 / 100	562.3 (world = 100)
Iceland	1993	$24,401	14 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	93.7 / 100	515.3 (world = 100)	$40,345	12 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.6 / 100	562.9 (world = 100)
Iceland	1994	$24,855	16 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	92.7 / 100	499.4 (world = 100)	$41,440	12 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.6 / 100	568.2 (world = 100)
Iceland	1995	$27,560	17 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	92.2 / 100	506.7 (world = 100)	$41,262	12 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.6 / 100	556.8 (world = 100)
Iceland	1996	$28,579	17 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	92.2 / 100	521.8 (world = 100)	$42,885	13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.1 / 100	567.0 (world = 100)
Iceland	1997	$28,456	14 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	93.7 / 100	529.3 (world = 100)	$44,295	14 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	93.7 / 100	571.6 (world = 100)
Iceland	1998	$31,512	13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.1 / 100	597.9 (world = 100)	$46,894	14 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	93.7 / 100	596.8 (world = 100)
Iceland	1999	$32,826	13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.1 / 100	607.5 (world = 100)	$48,136	13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.1 / 100	599.5 (world = 100)
Iceland	2000	$32,495	12 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.6 / 100	591.9 (world = 100)	$49,809	13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.1 / 100	601.9 (world = 100)
Iceland	2001	$29,199	13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.1 / 100	542.0 (world = 100)	$51,038	12 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.6 / 100	612.3 (world = 100)
Iceland	2002	$32,740	13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.1 / 100	592.0 (world = 100)	$50,859	12 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.6 / 100	604.9 (world = 100)
Iceland	2003	$39,933	11 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	95.1 / 100	652.0 (world = 100)	$51,660	11 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	95.1 / 100	604.3 (world = 100)
Iceland	2004	$47,794	10 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	95.6 / 100	702.1 (world = 100)	$55,110	12 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	94.6 / 100	625.3 (world = 100)
Iceland	2005	$57,764	8 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	96.6 / 100	792.8 (world = 100)	$58,057	9 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	96.1 / 100	641.7 (world = 100)
Iceland	2006	$58,155	10 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	745.8 (world = 100)	$59,929	9 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	96.1 / 100	642.4 (world = 100)
Iceland	2007	$70,464	8 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	96.6 / 100	811.4 (world = 100)	$63,541	9 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	96.1 / 100	661.2 (world = 100)
Iceland	2008	$57,471	13 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	94.3 / 100	610.4 (world = 100)	$63,428	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	655.4 (world = 100)
Iceland	2009	$41,469	22 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	90.0 / 100	470.1 (world = 100)	$57,949	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	615.2 (world = 100)
Iceland	2010	$43,760	25 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	88.5 / 100	458.7 (world = 100)	$56,742	12 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	94.7 / 100	584.2 (world = 100)
Iceland	2011	$48,236	24 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	89.0 / 100	460.2 (world = 100)	$57,349	11 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.2 / 100	578.9 (world = 100)
Iceland	2012	$46,577	25 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	88.5 / 100	440.6 (world = 100)	$57,711	11 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.2 / 100	574.2 (world = 100)
Iceland	2013	$50,155	21 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	90.4 / 100	466.5 (world = 100)	$59,225	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	580.4 (world = 100)
Iceland	2014	$55,119	15 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	93.3 / 100	505.7 (world = 100)	$59,690	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	574.5 (world = 100)
Iceland	2015	$53,484	13 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	94.3 / 100	525.1 (world = 100)	$61,296	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	578.9 (world = 100)
Iceland	2016	$62,829	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	614.0 (world = 100)	$64,211	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	597.2 (world = 100)
Iceland	2017	$72,949	9 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	96.2 / 100	677.6 (world = 100)	$64,909	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	590.4 (world = 100)
Iceland	2018	$75,605	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	668.7 (world = 100)	$66,140	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	589.1 (world = 100)
Iceland	2019	$69,270	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	610.4 (world = 100)	$65,438	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	573.9 (world = 100)
Iceland	2020	$60,103	12 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	94.7 / 100	548.4 (world = 100)	$60,103	12 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	94.7 / 100	548.4 (world = 100)
Iceland	2021	$70,402	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	567.1 (world = 100)	$62,194	12 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	94.7 / 100	537.8 (world = 100)
Iceland	2022	$76,681	11 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.2 / 100	598.8 (world = 100)	$66,308	11 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.2 / 100	559.6 (world = 100)
Iceland	2023	$81,826	10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.7 / 100	617.3 (world = 100)	$68,387	11 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.2 / 100	565.7 (world = 100)
Iceland	2024	$84,450	11 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.2 / 100	617.6 (world = 100)	$66,560	11 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	95.2 / 100	540.1 (world = 100)

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

GDP per person is an accounting average, not a measure of household income distribution or living costs.

Latest common comparison

Europe$36,4082024

Northern Europe$57,7922024

World$13,6732024

04 · Real growth and output prices

How quickly has real activity changed, and how have output prices moved?

Real GDP growth, per-person growth and the implicit deflator answer different questions.

Full historical record

Real GDP growth

Real GDP growth, per-person growth and the implicit deflator answer different questions.

Iceland is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates - 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

IcelandNorthern EuropeEuropeWorldConstant prices · percent

Formation1970–1990

13.1% → 1.2%

Average annual rate: +4.6%

Integration1990–2010

1.2% → -2.2%

Average annual rate: +2.6%

Current era2010–2024

-2.2% → -1.2%

Average annual rate: +2.4%

Real GDP growth-1.2%2024 · Published series · World rank 195 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Real GDP-per-person growth-2.7%2024 · Published series · World rank 195 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Implicit GDP deflator129.32024 · Published series · World rank 70 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Real growth and output prices: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the real growth and output prices section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Real growth and output prices: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

Iceland	1970	Source observation unavailable	Not calculable without a source observation	Not calculable without a source observation	Comparable world observation unavailable	Source observation unavailable	Not calculable without a source observation	Not calculable without a source observation	Comparable world observation unavailable	0.1	145 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	18.6 / 100
Iceland	1971	13.1%	12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	93.8 / 100	+8.9 pp vs world	12.1%	4 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	98.3 / 100	+10.0 pp vs world	0.1	146 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	18.1 / 100
Iceland	1972	6.2%	70 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.0 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	4.6%	65 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	63.8 / 100	+1.3 pp vs world	0.1	145 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	18.6 / 100
Iceland	1973	6.8%	69 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.6 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world	5.2%	61 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	66.1 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	0.1	143 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	19.8 / 100
Iceland	1974	5.7%	73 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	59.3 / 100	+3.6 pp vs world	4.3%	55 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	69.5 / 100	+4.1 pp vs world	0.2	143 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	19.8 / 100
Iceland	1975	0.6%	114 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	36.2 / 100	-0.2 pp vs world	-0.6%	102 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	42.9 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world	0.3	140 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	21.5 / 100
Iceland	1976	6.0%	77 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	4.9%	69 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.6 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	0.4	141 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	20.9 / 100
Iceland	1977	8.8%	36 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	80.2 / 100	+4.7 pp vs world	8.0%	21 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	88.7 / 100	+5.7 pp vs world	0.5	139 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	22.0 / 100
Iceland	1978	6.0%	79 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	55.9 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	5.2%	64 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	64.4 / 100	+2.6 pp vs world	0.7	137 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	23.2 / 100
Iceland	1979	4.9%	77 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	3.8%	70 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.0 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	1.0	134 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	24.9 / 100
Iceland	1980	5.7%	55 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	69.5 / 100	+3.8 pp vs world	4.6%	46 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	74.6 / 100	+4.5 pp vs world	1.5	131 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	26.6 / 100
Iceland	1981	4.3%	69 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.6 / 100	+2.3 pp vs world	3.1%	60 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	66.7 / 100	+3.0 pp vs world	2.2	130 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	27.1 / 100
Iceland	1982	2.2%	81 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	54.8 / 100	+1.7 pp vs world	0.8%	75 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	58.2 / 100	+2.2 pp vs world	3.4	125 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	29.9 / 100
Iceland	1983	-2.2%	138 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	22.6 / 100	-5.0 pp vs world	-3.4%	132 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	26.0 / 100	-4.4 pp vs world	6.1	114 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	36.2 / 100
Iceland	1984	4.1%	89 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	-0.6 pp vs world	3.0%	70 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.0 / 100	+0.2 pp vs world	7.7	113 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	36.7 / 100
Iceland	1985	3.3%	93 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.0 / 100	-0.2 pp vs world	2.5%	78 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	56.5 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	10.2	111 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	37.9 / 100
Iceland	1986	6.3%	41 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	77.4 / 100	+3.1 pp vs world	5.5%	29 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	84.2 / 100	+4.2 pp vs world	12.7	109 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	39.0 / 100
Iceland	1987	8.5%	29 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	84.2 / 100	+4.9 pp vs world	7.4%	20 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	89.3 / 100	+5.6 pp vs world	15.2	106 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	40.7 / 100
Iceland	1988	-0.1%	154 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	13.6 / 100	-4.6 pp vs world	-1.6%	144 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	19.2 / 100	-4.3 pp vs world	18.7	104 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	41.8 / 100
Iceland	1989	0.3%	147 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	17.5 / 100	-3.5 pp vs world	-1.0%	138 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	22.6 / 100	-2.9 pp vs world	23.0	101 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	43.8 / 100
Iceland	1990	1.2%	121 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	32.6 / 100	-1.9 pp vs world	0.4%	110 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	38.8 / 100	-0.8 pp vs world	26.4	101 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	51.2 / 100
Iceland	1991	-0.2%	142 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	31.2 / 100	-1.5 pp vs world	-1.4%	122 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	41.0 / 100	-0.9 pp vs world	28.7	103 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	50.2 / 100
Iceland	1992	-3.4%	162 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	21.5 / 100	-5.4 pp vs world	-4.6%	159 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	22.9 / 100	-5.0 pp vs world	29.6	104 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100
Iceland	1993	1.3%	120 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.0 / 100	-0.4 pp vs world	0.3%	108 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	+0.1 pp vs world	30.2	107 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	48.3 / 100
Iceland	1994	3.6%	102 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	50.7 / 100	+0.3 pp vs world	2.7%	87 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	58.0 / 100	+1.0 pp vs world	31.0	115 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	44.4 / 100
Iceland	1995	0.1%	174 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	15.6 / 100	-3.0 pp vs world	-0.4%	159 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	22.9 / 100	-2.0 pp vs world	31.9	119 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.4 / 100
Iceland	1996	4.5%	98 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.7 / 100	+0.9 pp vs world	3.9%	75 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	63.9 / 100	+1.9 pp vs world	32.7	120 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.0 / 100
Iceland	1997	4.1%	117 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	43.4 / 100	+0.3 pp vs world	3.3%	89 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	33.6	123 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	40.5 / 100
Iceland	1998	7.0%	41 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	80.5 / 100	+4.2 pp vs world	5.9%	35 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	83.4 / 100	+4.5 pp vs world	35.2	125 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	39.5 / 100
Iceland	1999	3.9%	90 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	56.6 / 100	+0.3 pp vs world	2.6%	91 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	56.1 / 100	+0.5 pp vs world	36.4	126 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	39.0 / 100
Iceland	2000	4.9%	80 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	61.5 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world	3.5%	83 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	60.0 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world	37.9	129 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	37.6 / 100
Iceland	2001	3.8%	83 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	60.0 / 100	+1.8 pp vs world	2.5%	78 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	62.4 / 100	+1.7 pp vs world	41.2	128 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	38.0 / 100
Iceland	2002	0.5%	167 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	19.0 / 100	-1.7 pp vs world	-0.4%	157 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	23.9 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	43.6	130 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	37.1 / 100
Iceland	2003	2.3%	147 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	28.8 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world	1.6%	126 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	39.0 / 100	-0.1 pp vs world	43.8	133 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	35.6 / 100
Iceland	2004	7.6%	44 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	79.0 / 100	+3.2 pp vs world	6.7%	39 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	81.5 / 100	+3.6 pp vs world	45.0	141 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	31.7 / 100
Iceland	2005	7.0%	58 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	72.2 / 100	+3.0 pp vs world	5.3%	56 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	73.2 / 100	+2.7 pp vs world	46.3	147 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	29.5 / 100
Iceland	2006	5.7%	95 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	54.6 / 100	+1.2 pp vs world	3.2%	122 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	41.5 / 100	+0.1 pp vs world	50.3	145 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	30.4 / 100
Iceland	2007	8.7%	43 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	79.7 / 100	+4.4 pp vs world	6.0%	67 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	68.1 / 100	+3.0 pp vs world	52.5	150 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	28.0 / 100
Iceland	2008	1.7%	150 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	28.0 / 100	-0.3 pp vs world	-0.2%	158 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	24.2 / 100	-0.9 pp vs world	58.8	148 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	29.7 / 100
Iceland	2009	-8.3%	196 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	6.7 / 100	-6.9 pp vs world	-8.6%	192 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	8.6 / 100	-6.0 pp vs world	65.3	134 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	36.4 / 100
Iceland	2010	-2.2%	194 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	7.7 / 100	-6.7 pp vs world	-2.1%	190 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	9.6 / 100	-5.2 pp vs world	69.6	134 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	36.4 / 100
Iceland	2011	1.4%	160 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	23.9 / 100	-1.9 pp vs world	1.1%	138 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	34.4 / 100	-0.9 pp vs world	72.0	144 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	31.6 / 100
Iceland	2012	1.2%	144 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	31.6 / 100	-1.6 pp vs world	0.6%	136 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	35.4 / 100	-0.8 pp vs world	74.5	144 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	31.6 / 100
Iceland	2013	3.6%	100 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	52.6 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	2.6%	85 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	59.8 / 100	+1.1 pp vs world	76.4	151 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	28.2 / 100
Iceland	2014	1.9%	146 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	30.6 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	0.8%	145 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	31.1 / 100	-1.0 pp vs world	79.6	146 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	30.6 / 100
Iceland	2015	3.8%	90 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	57.4 / 100	+0.6 pp vs world	2.7%	83 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	60.8 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	85.0	140 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	33.5 / 100
Iceland	2016	6.2%	34 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	84.2 / 100	+3.5 pp vs world	4.8%	29 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	86.6 / 100	+3.2 pp vs world	87.3	140 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	33.5 / 100
Iceland	2017	3.5%	100 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	52.6 / 100	+0.1 pp vs world	1.1%	147 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	30.1 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	88.7	153 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	27.3 / 100
Iceland	2018	4.7%	64 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	69.9 / 100	+1.4 pp vs world	1.9%	120 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	43.1 / 100	-0.2 pp vs world	91.4	161 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	23.4 / 100
Iceland	2019	1.1%	162 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	23.0 / 100	-1.5 pp vs world	-1.1%	184 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	12.4 / 100	-2.6 pp vs world	95.8	148 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	29.7 / 100
Iceland	2020	-6.6%	142 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	32.5 / 100	-3.7 pp vs world	-8.2%	149 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	29.2 / 100	-4.3 pp vs world	100.0	1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	100.0 / 100
Iceland	2021	5.2%	107 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.3 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	3.5%	121 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	42.6 / 100	-2.0 pp vs world	106.1	84 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	60.3 / 100
Iceland	2022	8.8%	28 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	87.1 / 100	+5.5 pp vs world	6.6%	43 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	79.9 / 100	+4.1 pp vs world	115.5	79 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	62.7 / 100
Iceland	2023	5.1%	47 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	78.0 / 100	+2.2 pp vs world	3.1%	67 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	68.4 / 100	+1.1 pp vs world	121.9	78 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	63.2 / 100
Iceland	2024	-1.2%	195 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	7.2 / 100	-4.0 pp vs world	-2.7%	195 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	7.2 / 100	-4.6 pp vs world	129.3	70 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	67.0 / 100

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

The implicit GDP deflator covers domestically produced output and is not a consumer price index. Annual growth can be volatile.

Latest common comparison

Europe1.3%2024

Northern Europe1.3%2024

World2.8%2024

05 · Consumption and domestic demand

How is output used for consumption and domestic demand?

Household and government consumption sit inside final consumption; domestic demand also includes capital formation.

Full historical record

Final Consumption

Household and government consumption sit inside final consumption; domestic demand also includes capital formation.

Iceland is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates - 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

IcelandNorthern EuropeEuropeWorldCurrent prices · national currency · percent

Formation1970–1990

72.9% → 78.5%

Percentage-point change: +5.6 pp

Integration1990–2010

78.5% → 76.4%

Percentage-point change: -2.1 pp

Current era2010–2024

76.4% → 75.0%

Percentage-point change: -1.4 pp

Final consumption75.0%2024 · Published series · World rank 141 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Household consumption49.1%2024 · Published series · World rank 174 of 209 · highest-to-lowest

Government consumption25.9%2024 · Published series · World rank 24 of 209 · highest-to-lowest

Domestic demand101.3%2024 · Derived measure · World rank 112 of 209 · highest-to-lowest

Consumption and domestic demand: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the consumption and domestic demand section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Consumption and domestic demand: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

Iceland	1970	72.9%	132 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	26.0 / 100	+0.2 pp vs world	58.0%	121 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	31.8 / 100	+1.0 pp vs world	14.9%	85 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	52.3 / 100	-0.6 pp vs world	99.8%	122 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	31.3 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1971	73.1%	129 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	27.7 / 100	+0.0 pp vs world	57.6%	120 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	32.4 / 100	+0.6 pp vs world	15.4%	84 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	52.8 / 100	-0.5 pp vs world	109.0%	52 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	71.0 / 100	+8.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1972	73.6%	126 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	29.4 / 100	+0.7 pp vs world	56.5%	125 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	29.5 / 100	-0.4 pp vs world	17.1%	69 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	61.4 / 100	+1.2 pp vs world	104.2%	84 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	52.8 / 100	+3.9 pp vs world
Iceland	1973	70.0%	138 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	22.6 / 100	-1.7 pp vs world	53.4%	139 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	21.6 / 100	-2.5 pp vs world	16.6%	74 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	58.5 / 100	+0.9 pp vs world	104.8%	74 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	58.5 / 100	+4.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1974	74.1%	110 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	38.4 / 100	+2.3 pp vs world	55.7%	117 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	34.1 / 100	+0.0 pp vs world	18.4%	50 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	72.2 / 100	+2.4 pp vs world	113.2%	45 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	75.0 / 100	+12.9 pp vs world
Iceland	1975	73.7%	122 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	31.6 / 100	+0.0 pp vs world	54.8%	130 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	26.7 / 100	-1.8 pp vs world	18.9%	60 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	66.5 / 100	+1.9 pp vs world	111.8%	49 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	72.7 / 100	+11.4 pp vs world
Iceland	1976	71.3%	134 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	24.9 / 100	-1.6 pp vs world	53.4%	137 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	22.7 / 100	-2.8 pp vs world	18.0%	64 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	64.2 / 100	+1.3 pp vs world	102.3%	108 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	39.2 / 100	+1.3 pp vs world
Iceland	1977	71.3%	132 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	26.0 / 100	-1.6 pp vs world	53.2%	140 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	21.0 / 100	-3.0 pp vs world	18.1%	67 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	62.5 / 100	+1.5 pp vs world	103.6%	90 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	49.4 / 100	+2.4 pp vs world
Iceland	1978	72.8%	131 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	26.6 / 100	+0.1 pp vs world	53.6%	138 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	22.2 / 100	-2.4 pp vs world	19.2%	59 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	67.0 / 100	+2.6 pp vs world	99.4%	131 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	26.1 / 100	-1.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1979	74.4%	120 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	32.8 / 100	+1.8 pp vs world	54.6%	126 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	29.0 / 100	-1.5 pp vs world	19.8%	59 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	67.0 / 100	+3.4 pp vs world	101.3%	111 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	37.5 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world
Iceland	1980	73.5%	134 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	24.9 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world	54.4%	133 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	25.0 / 100	-2.1 pp vs world	19.1%	64 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	64.2 / 100	+2.5 pp vs world	102.6%	113 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	36.4 / 100	+1.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1981	75.3%	128 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	28.2 / 100	+1.9 pp vs world	55.8%	134 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	24.4 / 100	-0.8 pp vs world	19.4%	64 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	64.2 / 100	+2.7 pp vs world	104.1%	105 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	40.9 / 100	+3.2 pp vs world
Iceland	1982	77.3%	118 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	33.9 / 100	+2.7 pp vs world	56.9%	130 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	26.7 / 100	-0.5 pp vs world	20.5%	55 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	69.3 / 100	+3.3 pp vs world	107.5%	85 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	52.3 / 100	+6.6 pp vs world
Iceland	1983	77.4%	119 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	33.3 / 100	+2.4 pp vs world	56.9%	129 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	27.3 / 100	-1.0 pp vs world	20.5%	59 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	67.0 / 100	+3.5 pp vs world	100.1%	124 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	30.1 / 100	-0.8 pp vs world
Iceland	1984	77.4%	118 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	33.9 / 100	+3.0 pp vs world	58.5%	116 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	34.7 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	18.9%	70 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	60.8 / 100	+2.3 pp vs world	102.3%	96 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	46.0 / 100	+1.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1985	79.6%	94 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	47.5 / 100	+4.7 pp vs world	59.7%	106 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	40.3 / 100	+1.5 pp vs world	19.9%	61 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	65.9 / 100	+3.2 pp vs world	101.9%	99 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	44.3 / 100	+1.4 pp vs world
Iceland	1986	78.3%	105 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	41.2 / 100	+3.0 pp vs world	57.9%	111 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	37.5 / 100	-0.3 pp vs world	20.4%	60 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	66.5 / 100	+3.4 pp vs world	98.1%	128 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	27.8 / 100	-2.6 pp vs world
Iceland	1987	81.0%	93 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.0 / 100	+5.9 pp vs world	59.7%	109 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	38.6 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	21.3%	50 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	72.2 / 100	+4.4 pp vs world	103.2%	81 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	54.5 / 100	+2.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1988	80.8%	86 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	52.0 / 100	+6.4 pp vs world	58.4%	110 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	38.1 / 100	+0.6 pp vs world	22.5%	42 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	76.7 / 100	+5.9 pp vs world	103.2%	83 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	53.4 / 100	+2.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1989	79.6%	91 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	49.4 / 100	+5.5 pp vs world	57.9%	113 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	36.7 / 100	+0.2 pp vs world	21.7%	42 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	76.8 / 100	+5.4 pp vs world	99.8%	114 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	36.2 / 100	-0.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1990	78.5%	118 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.9 / 100	+3.7 pp vs world	56.9%	134 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	34.8 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	21.6%	48 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	77.0 / 100	+5.0 pp vs world	98.9%	139 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	32.4 / 100	-1.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1991	80.0%	111 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	46.3 / 100	+4.9 pp vs world	57.7%	131 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	36.3 / 100	-0.4 pp vs world	22.3%	49 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	76.5 / 100	+5.4 pp vs world	101.5%	112 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	45.6 / 100	+1.2 pp vs world
Iceland	1992	80.8%	116 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	43.9 / 100	+5.6 pp vs world	57.8%	134 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	34.8 / 100	-0.5 pp vs world	23.0%	47 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	77.5 / 100	+6.1 pp vs world	100.3%	128 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	37.7 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world
Iceland	1993	78.9%	124 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	40.0 / 100	+3.4 pp vs world	55.4%	147 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	28.4 / 100	-3.4 pp vs world	23.5%	44 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	78.9 / 100	+6.8 pp vs world	97.1%	154 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	25.0 / 100	-2.6 pp vs world
Iceland	1994	77.9%	127 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	38.5 / 100	+2.4 pp vs world	54.5%	153 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	25.5 / 100	-4.4 pp vs world	23.4%	46 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	77.9 / 100	+6.9 pp vs world	95.1%	159 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	22.5 / 100	-4.8 pp vs world
Iceland	1995	79.1%	119 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.4 / 100	+4.2 pp vs world	55.2%	152 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	26.0 / 100	-3.3 pp vs world	23.9%	36 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	82.8 / 100	+7.5 pp vs world	96.7%	159 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	22.5 / 100	-2.8 pp vs world
Iceland	1996	79.5%	119 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.4 / 100	+4.4 pp vs world	55.6%	152 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	26.0 / 100	-3.1 pp vs world	23.8%	38 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	81.9 / 100	+7.6 pp vs world	99.5%	135 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	34.3 / 100	+0.1 pp vs world
Iceland	1997	78.2%	123 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	40.5 / 100	+3.1 pp vs world	55.9%	151 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	26.5 / 100	-3.2 pp vs world	22.3%	41 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	80.4 / 100	+6.3 pp vs world	99.5%	139 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	32.4 / 100	+0.1 pp vs world
Iceland	1998	78.8%	119 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.4 / 100	+3.2 pp vs world	56.3%	153 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	25.5 / 100	-3.2 pp vs world	22.5%	42 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	79.9 / 100	+6.4 pp vs world	104.3%	109 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	47.1 / 100	+4.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1999	81.2%	107 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	48.3 / 100	+5.4 pp vs world	58.0%	137 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	33.3 / 100	-1.7 pp vs world	23.2%	37 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	82.4 / 100	+7.1 pp vs world	104.5%	99 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	52.0 / 100	+4.7 pp vs world
Iceland	2000	82.2%	98 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.7 / 100	+6.6 pp vs world	58.5%	132 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	35.8 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	23.7%	33 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	84.3 / 100	+7.8 pp vs world	106.8%	82 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	60.3 / 100	+6.9 pp vs world
Iceland	2001	78.2%	121 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	41.5 / 100	+1.8 pp vs world	54.4%	154 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	25.0 / 100	-5.7 pp vs world	23.8%	31 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	85.3 / 100	+7.5 pp vs world	100.8%	124 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	39.7 / 100	+0.9 pp vs world
Iceland	2002	78.9%	118 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.9 / 100	+2.1 pp vs world	53.5%	162 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	21.1 / 100	-6.7 pp vs world	25.4%	23 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	89.2 / 100	+8.8 pp vs world	98.4%	137 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	33.3 / 100	-1.4 pp vs world
Iceland	2003	81.8%	105 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	49.3 / 100	+5.1 pp vs world	55.7%	150 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	27.0 / 100	-4.1 pp vs world	26.0%	20 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	90.7 / 100	+9.2 pp vs world	102.9%	101 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	51.0 / 100	+3.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2004	81.0%	107 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	48.3 / 100	+5.1 pp vs world	55.9%	144 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	29.9 / 100	-3.2 pp vs world	25.1%	21 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	90.2 / 100	+8.3 pp vs world	105.6%	91 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	55.9 / 100	+5.8 pp vs world
Iceland	2005	82.4%	94 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	+7.0 pp vs world	57.4%	135 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	35.0 / 100	-1.3 pp vs world	25.0%	21 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	90.3 / 100	+8.4 pp vs world	111.5%	67 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	68.0 / 100	+11.9 pp vs world
Iceland	2006	80.6%	99 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	52.7 / 100	+6.1 pp vs world	55.7%	140 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	32.5 / 100	-2.3 pp vs world	24.8%	20 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	90.8 / 100	+8.3 pp vs world	116.5%	55 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	73.8 / 100	+17.2 pp vs world
Iceland	2007	79.2%	107 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	+5.3 pp vs world	54.9%	143 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	31.1 / 100	-2.6 pp vs world	24.3%	20 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	90.8 / 100	+7.9 pp vs world	108.9%	82 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	60.7 / 100	+9.6 pp vs world
Iceland	2008	76.2%	127 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	39.7 / 100	+2.2 pp vs world	51.4%	162 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	22.6 / 100	-5.7 pp vs world	24.8%	21 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	90.4 / 100	+8.0 pp vs world	102.1%	128 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	38.9 / 100	+2.7 pp vs world
Iceland	2009	77.2%	134 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	36.4 / 100	+1.2 pp vs world	51.2%	169 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	19.2 / 100	-6.8 pp vs world	26.0%	23 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	89.4 / 100	+8.0 pp vs world	92.0%	177 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	15.4 / 100	-7.4 pp vs world
Iceland	2010	76.4%	132 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	37.3 / 100	+1.8 pp vs world	51.0%	168 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	19.7 / 100	-6.1 pp vs world	25.4%	22 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	89.9 / 100	+8.0 pp vs world	90.2%	177 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	15.4 / 100	-8.9 pp vs world
Iceland	2011	76.9%	133 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	36.8 / 100	+3.1 pp vs world	51.4%	163 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	22.1 / 100	-5.1 pp vs world	25.5%	20 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	90.9 / 100	+8.2 pp vs world	92.2%	170 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	18.8 / 100	-6.9 pp vs world
Iceland	2012	78.2%	124 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	41.1 / 100	+4.5 pp vs world	52.9%	159 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	24.0 / 100	-3.6 pp vs world	25.2%	23 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	89.4 / 100	+8.2 pp vs world	94.1%	165 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	21.2 / 100	-5.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2013	77.0%	130 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	38.3 / 100	+3.4 pp vs world	52.2%	162 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	22.6 / 100	-4.4 pp vs world	24.9%	25 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	88.5 / 100	+7.9 pp vs world	92.0%	174 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	16.8 / 100	-7.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2014	76.4%	131 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	37.8 / 100	+2.8 pp vs world	51.8%	165 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	21.2 / 100	-4.9 pp vs world	24.6%	28 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	87.0 / 100	+7.7 pp vs world	93.5%	175 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	16.3 / 100	-5.8 pp vs world
Iceland	2015	73.0%	153 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	27.3 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world	49.2%	177 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	15.4 / 100	-7.9 pp vs world	23.9%	32 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	85.1 / 100	+7.2 pp vs world	92.2%	182 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	13.0 / 100	-7.3 pp vs world
Iceland	2016	72.0%	157 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	25.4 / 100	-1.9 pp vs world	48.6%	177 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	15.4 / 100	-8.7 pp vs world	23.4%	35 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	83.7 / 100	+6.8 pp vs world	92.8%	181 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	13.5 / 100	-6.5 pp vs world
Iceland	2017	73.4%	146 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	30.6 / 100	+0.1 pp vs world	49.5%	172 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	17.8 / 100	-7.4 pp vs world	24.0%	30 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	86.1 / 100	+7.6 pp vs world	95.0%	167 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	20.2 / 100	-4.2 pp vs world
Iceland	2018	73.8%	141 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	33.0 / 100	+1.0 pp vs world	49.5%	169 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	19.2 / 100	-6.8 pp vs world	24.3%	22 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	89.9 / 100	+7.8 pp vs world	96.0%	161 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	23.1 / 100	-3.1 pp vs world
Iceland	2019	74.2%	142 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	32.5 / 100	+1.1 pp vs world	49.4%	172 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	17.8 / 100	-7.0 pp vs world	24.8%	23 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	89.4 / 100	+8.2 pp vs world	94.4%	166 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	20.7 / 100	-5.1 pp vs world
Iceland	2020	79.3%	119 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	43.5 / 100	+6.1 pp vs world	51.2%	162 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	22.6 / 100	-4.2 pp vs world	28.1%	20 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	90.9 / 100	+10.3 pp vs world	100.4%	128 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	38.9 / 100	+0.9 pp vs world
Iceland	2021	78.7%	112 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	46.9 / 100	+6.7 pp vs world	51.2%	157 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	25.0 / 100	-3.7 pp vs world	27.4%	17 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	92.3 / 100	+10.5 pp vs world	101.5%	111 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	47.1 / 100	+2.5 pp vs world
Iceland	2022	75.3%	134 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	36.4 / 100	+3.4 pp vs world	49.8%	164 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	21.6 / 100	-5.8 pp vs world	25.6%	21 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	90.4 / 100	+9.2 pp vs world	99.6%	136 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	35.1 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world
Iceland	2023	73.9%	147 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	30.1 / 100	+0.9 pp vs world	48.7%	174 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	16.8 / 100	-7.7 pp vs world	25.2%	22 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	89.9 / 100	+8.7 pp vs world	99.3%	130 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	38.0 / 100	+0.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2024	75.0%	141 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	33.0 / 100	+1.8 pp vs world	49.1%	174 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	16.8 / 100	-7.6 pp vs world	25.9%	24 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	88.9 / 100	+9.3 pp vs world	101.3%	112 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	46.6 / 100	+2.1 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

Parent aggregates and their components should not be added together. Shares describe composition, not the quality of spending.

Latest common comparison

Europe74.5%2024

Northern Europe74.0%2024

World73.2%2024

06 · Investment and capital formation

How much current output is directed toward capital formation?

Gross capital formation combines fixed investment and inventory change as shares of GDP.

Full historical record

Gross Capital Formation

Gross capital formation combines fixed investment and inventory change as shares of GDP.

Iceland is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates - 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

IcelandNorthern EuropeEuropeWorldCurrent prices · national currency · percent

Formation1970–1990

26.9% → 20.4%

Percentage-point change: -6.5 pp

Integration1990–2010

20.4% → 13.8%

Percentage-point change: -6.6 pp

Current era2010–2024

13.8% → 26.3%

Percentage-point change: +12.4 pp

Gross capital formation26.3%2024 · Published series · World rank 65 of 209 · highest-to-lowest

Gross fixed capital formation26.8%2024 · Published series · World rank 50 of 209 · highest-to-lowest

Changes in inventories-0.5%2024 · Published series · World rank 135 of 163 · highest-to-lowest

Investment and capital formation: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the investment and capital formation section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

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Showing 55 of 55 rows

Investment and capital formation: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

Iceland	1970	26.9%	59 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	67.0 / 100	-0.9 pp vs world	27.7%	43 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	76.1 / 100	+4.8 pp vs world	-0.9%	123 of 137 · highest-to-lowest	10.3 / 100	-5.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1971	35.9%	23 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	87.5 / 100	+8.5 pp vs world	33.4%	25 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	86.4 / 100	+10.2 pp vs world	2.5%	47 of 137 · highest-to-lowest	66.2 / 100	-1.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1972	30.6%	40 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	77.8 / 100	+3.3 pp vs world	32.4%	26 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	85.8 / 100	+5.9 pp vs world	-1.8%	124 of 138 · highest-to-lowest	10.2 / 100	-2.6 pp vs world
Iceland	1973	34.8%	24 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	86.9 / 100	+6.2 pp vs world	35.4%	17 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	90.9 / 100	+8.2 pp vs world	-0.5%	118 of 140 · highest-to-lowest	15.8 / 100	-1.9 pp vs world
Iceland	1974	39.1%	16 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	91.5 / 100	+10.6 pp vs world	37.4%	16 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	91.5 / 100	+10.9 pp vs world	1.7%	83 of 138 · highest-to-lowest	40.1 / 100	-0.3 pp vs world
Iceland	1975	38.2%	19 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	89.8 / 100	+11.3 pp vs world	36.4%	17 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	90.9 / 100	+10.0 pp vs world	1.7%	61 of 140 · highest-to-lowest	56.8 / 100	+1.3 pp vs world
Iceland	1976	31.0%	45 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	75.0 / 100	+2.9 pp vs world	31.8%	33 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	81.8 / 100	+4.9 pp vs world	-0.8%	116 of 139 · highest-to-lowest	16.7 / 100	-2.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1977	32.3%	40 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	77.8 / 100	+4.0 pp vs world	30.8%	37 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	79.5 / 100	+3.5 pp vs world	1.5%	61 of 139 · highest-to-lowest	56.5 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world
Iceland	1978	26.7%	69 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	61.4 / 100	-1.8 pp vs world	27.5%	53 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	70.5 / 100	-0.1 pp vs world	-0.8%	115 of 139 · highest-to-lowest	17.4 / 100	-1.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1979	27.0%	73 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	59.1 / 100	-1.3 pp vs world	26.5%	63 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	64.8 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world	0.4%	100 of 142 · highest-to-lowest	29.8 / 100	-0.6 pp vs world
Iceland	1980	29.1%	58 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	67.6 / 100	+1.1 pp vs world	28.7%	47 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	73.9 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	0.4%	101 of 143 · highest-to-lowest	29.6 / 100	-0.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1981	28.8%	58 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	67.6 / 100	+1.3 pp vs world	27.9%	58 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	67.6 / 100	+1.1 pp vs world	1.0%	75 of 144 · highest-to-lowest	48.3 / 100	+0.2 pp vs world
Iceland	1982	30.2%	47 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	73.9 / 100	+3.9 pp vs world	27.8%	57 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	68.2 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	2.4%	35 of 145 · highest-to-lowest	76.4 / 100	+2.3 pp vs world
Iceland	1983	22.6%	81 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	54.5 / 100	-3.2 pp vs world	24.4%	65 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	63.6 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	-1.8%	125 of 146 · highest-to-lowest	14.5 / 100	-2.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1984	24.9%	63 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	64.8 / 100	-1.5 pp vs world	24.1%	61 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	65.9 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	0.8%	77 of 147 · highest-to-lowest	47.9 / 100	-0.3 pp vs world
Iceland	1985	22.3%	79 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	55.7 / 100	-3.4 pp vs world	23.3%	64 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	64.2 / 100	-1.5 pp vs world	-1.0%	127 of 148 · highest-to-lowest	14.3 / 100	-1.8 pp vs world
Iceland	1986	19.8%	106 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	40.3 / 100	-5.6 pp vs world	21.3%	85 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	52.3 / 100	-3.6 pp vs world	-1.5%	135 of 148 · highest-to-lowest	8.8 / 100	-2.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1987	22.3%	86 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	51.7 / 100	-3.2 pp vs world	22.6%	72 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	59.7 / 100	-2.3 pp vs world	-0.3%	119 of 151 · highest-to-lowest	21.3 / 100	-0.9 pp vs world
Iceland	1988	22.4%	89 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	50.0 / 100	-3.9 pp vs world	21.7%	93 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	47.7 / 100	-3.7 pp vs world	0.7%	82 of 151 · highest-to-lowest	46.0 / 100	-0.2 pp vs world
Iceland	1989	20.2%	114 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	36.2 / 100	-6.0 pp vs world	20.5%	107 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	40.1 / 100	-4.5 pp vs world	-0.3%	125 of 152 · highest-to-lowest	17.9 / 100	-1.4 pp vs world
Iceland	1990	20.4%	128 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	37.7 / 100	-5.4 pp vs world	21.0%	115 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	44.1 / 100	-4.0 pp vs world	-0.6%	145 of 174 · highest-to-lowest	16.8 / 100	-1.3 pp vs world
Iceland	1991	21.5%	112 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	45.6 / 100	-3.7 pp vs world	21.3%	107 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	48.0 / 100	-3.0 pp vs world	0.2%	115 of 172 · highest-to-lowest	33.3 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1992	19.5%	128 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	37.7 / 100	-5.2 pp vs world	19.5%	117 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	43.1 / 100	-4.4 pp vs world	-0.1%	124 of 167 · highest-to-lowest	25.9 / 100	-0.8 pp vs world
Iceland	1993	18.2%	136 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	33.8 / 100	-6.0 pp vs world	17.7%	141 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	31.4 / 100	-6.0 pp vs world	0.5%	87 of 170 · highest-to-lowest	49.1 / 100	+0.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1994	17.2%	158 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	23.0 / 100	-7.2 pp vs world	17.2%	148 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	27.9 / 100	-6.4 pp vs world	-0.0%	131 of 170 · highest-to-lowest	23.1 / 100	-0.8 pp vs world
Iceland	1995	17.6%	157 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	23.5 / 100	-7.0 pp vs world	16.9%	152 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	26.0 / 100	-6.7 pp vs world	0.6%	101 of 171 · highest-to-lowest	41.2 / 100	-0.2 pp vs world
Iceland	1996	20.1%	127 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	38.2 / 100	-4.4 pp vs world	20.1%	119 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	42.2 / 100	-3.7 pp vs world	0.0%	132 of 171 · highest-to-lowest	22.9 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1997	21.4%	119 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	42.2 / 100	-3.0 pp vs world	21.3%	113 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	45.1 / 100	-2.1 pp vs world	0.0%	135 of 172 · highest-to-lowest	21.6 / 100	-0.9 pp vs world
Iceland	1998	25.5%	82 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	60.3 / 100	+1.5 pp vs world	25.3%	70 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	66.2 / 100	+1.9 pp vs world	0.1%	119 of 168 · highest-to-lowest	29.3 / 100	-0.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1999	23.2%	92 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	55.4 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world	23.2%	86 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	58.3 / 100	-0.3 pp vs world	0.0%	113 of 168 · highest-to-lowest	32.9 / 100	-0.4 pp vs world
Iceland	2000	24.6%	74 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	64.2 / 100	+0.3 pp vs world	24.2%	62 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	70.1 / 100	+0.6 pp vs world	0.4%	117 of 170 · highest-to-lowest	31.4 / 100	-0.3 pp vs world
Iceland	2001	22.7%	103 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	50.0 / 100	-0.9 pp vs world	22.9%	82 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	60.3 / 100	-0.4 pp vs world	-0.3%	142 of 172 · highest-to-lowest	17.5 / 100	-0.5 pp vs world
Iceland	2002	19.5%	147 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	28.4 / 100	-3.5 pp vs world	19.6%	129 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	37.3 / 100	-3.1 pp vs world	-0.1%	142 of 175 · highest-to-lowest	19.0 / 100	-0.4 pp vs world
Iceland	2003	21.1%	125 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	39.2 / 100	-2.0 pp vs world	21.2%	104 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	49.5 / 100	-1.6 pp vs world	-0.1%	146 of 174 · highest-to-lowest	16.2 / 100	-0.5 pp vs world
Iceland	2004	24.6%	76 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	63.2 / 100	+0.7 pp vs world	24.6%	65 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	68.6 / 100	+1.5 pp vs world	-0.0%	148 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	16.9 / 100	-0.8 pp vs world
Iceland	2005	29.1%	47 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	77.7 / 100	+4.9 pp vs world	29.1%	32 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	85.0 / 100	+5.5 pp vs world	0.0%	150 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	15.8 / 100	-0.6 pp vs world
Iceland	2006	36.0%	19 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	91.3 / 100	+11.1 pp vs world	35.0%	19 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	91.3 / 100	+11.0 pp vs world	1.0%	82 of 180 · highest-to-lowest	54.7 / 100	+0.2 pp vs world
Iceland	2007	29.7%	58 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	72.3 / 100	+4.4 pp vs world	29.0%	50 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	76.2 / 100	+4.7 pp vs world	0.6%	104 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	42.1 / 100	-0.4 pp vs world
Iceland	2008	25.9%	101 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	51.9 / 100	+0.5 pp vs world	25.1%	87 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	58.7 / 100	+0.7 pp vs world	0.8%	99 of 180 · highest-to-lowest	45.3 / 100	-0.2 pp vs world
Iceland	2009	14.8%	184 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	12.0 / 100	-8.6 pp vs world	15.3%	185 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	11.5 / 100	-8.4 pp vs world	-0.5%	119 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	33.7 / 100	-0.2 pp vs world
Iceland	2010	13.8%	195 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	6.7 / 100	-10.7 pp vs world	13.9%	193 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	7.7 / 100	-9.6 pp vs world	-0.1%	146 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	18.1 / 100	-1.1 pp vs world
Iceland	2011	15.3%	185 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	11.5 / 100	-10.0 pp vs world	15.2%	182 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	13.0 / 100	-8.9 pp vs world	0.1%	138 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	23.0 / 100	-1.1 pp vs world
Iceland	2012	15.9%	177 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	15.4 / 100	-9.5 pp vs world	15.8%	177 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	15.4 / 100	-8.7 pp vs world	0.1%	131 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	26.6 / 100	-0.8 pp vs world
Iceland	2013	15.0%	180 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	13.9 / 100	-10.4 pp vs world	15.4%	179 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	14.4 / 100	-9.1 pp vs world	-0.4%	153 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	13.1 / 100	-1.3 pp vs world
Iceland	2014	17.1%	167 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	20.2 / 100	-8.7 pp vs world	17.0%	166 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	20.7 / 100	-7.8 pp vs world	0.1%	136 of 175 · highest-to-lowest	22.4 / 100	-0.8 pp vs world
Iceland	2015	19.2%	158 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	24.5 / 100	-6.6 pp vs world	19.1%	152 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	27.4 / 100	-5.9 pp vs world	0.1%	129 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	26.9 / 100	-0.6 pp vs world
Iceland	2016	20.8%	132 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	37.0 / 100	-4.6 pp vs world	20.7%	126 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	39.9 / 100	-4.2 pp vs world	0.1%	122 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	30.9 / 100	-0.3 pp vs world
Iceland	2017	21.6%	122 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	41.8 / 100	-4.3 pp vs world	21.5%	112 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	46.6 / 100	-3.6 pp vs world	0.0%	144 of 175 · highest-to-lowest	17.8 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world
Iceland	2018	22.2%	120 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	42.8 / 100	-4.1 pp vs world	21.7%	108 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	48.6 / 100	-4.0 pp vs world	0.5%	107 of 175 · highest-to-lowest	39.1 / 100	-0.2 pp vs world
Iceland	2019	20.2%	146 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	30.3 / 100	-6.2 pp vs world	20.6%	131 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	37.5 / 100	-5.3 pp vs world	-0.4%	158 of 174 · highest-to-lowest	9.2 / 100	-0.9 pp vs world
Iceland	2020	21.0%	120 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	42.8 / 100	-5.2 pp vs world	21.0%	114 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	45.7 / 100	-5.0 pp vs world	0.0%	112 of 173 · highest-to-lowest	35.5 / 100	-0.3 pp vs world
Iceland	2021	22.8%	112 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	46.6 / 100	-4.2 pp vs world	22.5%	107 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	49.0 / 100	-3.6 pp vs world	0.3%	124 of 171 · highest-to-lowest	27.6 / 100	-0.6 pp vs world
Iceland	2022	24.3%	101 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	51.9 / 100	-3.0 pp vs world	23.8%	81 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	61.5 / 100	-2.2 pp vs world	0.5%	117 of 170 · highest-to-lowest	31.4 / 100	-0.8 pp vs world
Iceland	2023	25.4%	74 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	64.9 / 100	-0.9 pp vs world	24.9%	65 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	69.2 / 100	-0.9 pp vs world	0.5%	80 of 169 · highest-to-lowest	53.0 / 100	-0.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2024	26.3%	65 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	69.2 / 100	+0.3 pp vs world	26.8%	50 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	76.4 / 100	+1.4 pp vs world	-0.5%	135 of 163 · highest-to-lowest	17.3 / 100	-1.1 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

A larger investment share is not automatically better; depreciation, utilization and project quality are outside this accounting measure.

Latest common comparison

Europe21.8%2024

Northern Europe20.5%2024

World26.0%2024

07 · Trade structure and external balance

How exposed is the economy to trade, and what is the external balance?

Exports, imports, openness and net exports distinguish exposure from surplus or deficit.

Full historical record

Trade openness

Exports, imports, openness and net exports distinguish exposure from surplus or deficit.

Iceland is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates - 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

IcelandNorthern EuropeEuropeWorldCurrent prices · percent

Formation1970–1990

84.1% → 62.9%

Percentage-point change: -21.2 pp

Integration1990–2010

62.9% → 92.5%

Percentage-point change: +29.6 pp

Current era2010–2024

92.5% → 86.1%

Percentage-point change: -6.4 pp

Exports42.4%2024 · Published series · World rank 81 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Imports43.7%2024 · Published series · World rank 107 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Net exports-1.3%2024 · Derived measure · World rank 99 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Trade openness86.1%2024 · Derived measure · World rank 98 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Trade structure and external balance: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the trade structure and external balance section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

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From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Trade structure and external balance: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

Iceland	1970	42.8%	48 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	73.4 / 100	+31.6 pp vs world	41.3%	71 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	60.5 / 100	+30.1 pp vs world	1.5%	39 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	78.5 / 100	+1.5 pp vs world	84.1%	59 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	67.2 / 100	+61.6 pp vs world
Iceland	1971	35.6%	61 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	66.1 / 100	+24.2 pp vs world	41.9%	64 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	64.4 / 100	+30.5 pp vs world	-6.3%	110 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	38.4 / 100	-6.3 pp vs world	77.5%	69 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.6 / 100	+54.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1972	33.3%	69 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.6 / 100	+21.5 pp vs world	35.1%	79 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	55.9 / 100	+23.5 pp vs world	-1.8%	88 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.8 / 100	-2.0 pp vs world	68.5%	82 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	54.2 / 100	+45.1 pp vs world
Iceland	1973	33.9%	71 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	60.5 / 100	+20.6 pp vs world	35.9%	82 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	54.2 / 100	+22.9 pp vs world	-2.1%	90 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	49.7 / 100	-2.3 pp vs world	69.8%	83 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	53.7 / 100	+43.6 pp vs world
Iceland	1974	29.9%	88 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.8 / 100	+13.8 pp vs world	39.3%	77 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	+23.2 pp vs world	-9.4%	122 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	31.6 / 100	-9.4 pp vs world	69.2%	89 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	+37.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1975	31.7%	78 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	56.5 / 100	+16.5 pp vs world	39.8%	79 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	55.9 / 100	+24.6 pp vs world	-8.1%	113 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	36.7 / 100	-8.1 pp vs world	71.4%	85 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	52.5 / 100	+41.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1976	32.9%	78 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	56.5 / 100	+17.1 pp vs world	32.6%	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	+16.8 pp vs world	0.3%	46 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	74.6 / 100	+0.3 pp vs world	65.5%	92 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.6 / 100	+34.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1977	31.3%	80 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	55.4 / 100	+15.5 pp vs world	32.2%	105 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	41.2 / 100	+16.1 pp vs world	-0.8%	62 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	65.5 / 100	-0.5 pp vs world	63.5%	94 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	47.5 / 100	+31.6 pp vs world
Iceland	1978	34.8%	69 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.6 / 100	+19.3 pp vs world	32.0%	101 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	43.5 / 100	+16.3 pp vs world	2.7%	29 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	84.2 / 100	+3.0 pp vs world	66.8%	88 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.8 / 100	+35.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1979	36.1%	70 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.0 / 100	+19.2 pp vs world	35.1%	91 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	49.2 / 100	+18.0 pp vs world	1.0%	45 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	75.1 / 100	+1.2 pp vs world	71.2%	87 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	51.4 / 100	+37.2 pp vs world
Iceland	1980	33.8%	77 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	+15.5 pp vs world	33.9%	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	+15.3 pp vs world	-0.1%	42 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	76.8 / 100	+0.2 pp vs world	67.7%	92 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.6 / 100	+30.8 pp vs world
Iceland	1981	33.0%	81 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	54.8 / 100	+14.9 pp vs world	34.5%	99 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	44.6 / 100	+16.1 pp vs world	-1.5%	48 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	73.4 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	67.4%	94 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	47.5 / 100	+31.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1982	30.6%	77 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	+13.7 pp vs world	35.2%	92 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.6 / 100	+17.9 pp vs world	-4.6%	83 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	53.7 / 100	-4.2 pp vs world	65.9%	90 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	49.7 / 100	+31.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1983	37.8%	59 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	67.2 / 100	+21.3 pp vs world	35.8%	85 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	52.5 / 100	+19.1 pp vs world	1.9%	34 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	81.4 / 100	+2.3 pp vs world	73.6%	75 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	58.2 / 100	+40.4 pp vs world
Iceland	1984	36.2%	71 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	60.5 / 100	+19.3 pp vs world	36.3%	84 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	53.1 / 100	+19.2 pp vs world	-0.2%	64 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	64.4 / 100	+0.1 pp vs world	72.5%	81 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	54.8 / 100	+38.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1985	38.3%	64 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	64.4 / 100	+21.8 pp vs world	38.3%	80 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	55.4 / 100	+21.6 pp vs world	0.0%	62 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	65.5 / 100	+0.2 pp vs world	76.6%	74 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	58.8 / 100	+43.4 pp vs world
Iceland	1986	36.7%	59 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	67.2 / 100	+20.9 pp vs world	33.2%	87 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	51.4 / 100	+17.1 pp vs world	3.6%	28 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	84.7 / 100	+3.8 pp vs world	69.9%	77 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	+38.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1987	32.6%	69 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.6 / 100	+16.1 pp vs world	33.7%	85 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	52.5 / 100	+17.1 pp vs world	-1.1%	80 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	55.4 / 100	-1.0 pp vs world	66.4%	78 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	56.5 / 100	+33.2 pp vs world
Iceland	1988	30.2%	81 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	54.8 / 100	+13.3 pp vs world	31.2%	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	+14.0 pp vs world	-1.0%	75 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	58.2 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world	61.4%	92 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.6 / 100	+27.3 pp vs world
Iceland	1989	31.9%	79 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	56.2 / 100	+14.5 pp vs world	29.9%	101 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	43.8 / 100	+12.1 pp vs world	2.0%	51 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	71.9 / 100	+2.3 pp vs world	61.8%	92 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	48.9 / 100	+26.6 pp vs world
Iceland	1990	32.0%	87 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	58.0 / 100	+13.1 pp vs world	30.9%	116 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	43.9 / 100	+11.7 pp vs world	1.1%	57 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	72.7 / 100	+1.4 pp vs world	62.9%	106 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	+24.8 pp vs world
Iceland	1991	29.8%	89 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	+11.2 pp vs world	31.1%	111 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	46.3 / 100	+12.4 pp vs world	-1.3%	84 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	59.5 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	60.9%	106 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	+23.6 pp vs world
Iceland	1992	28.8%	98 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.7 / 100	+9.1 pp vs world	29.0%	130 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	37.1 / 100	+9.6 pp vs world	-0.2%	68 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	67.3 / 100	-0.5 pp vs world	57.9%	119 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.4 / 100	+18.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1993	31.2%	94 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.6 / 100	+12.4 pp vs world	28.3%	141 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	31.7 / 100	+10.0 pp vs world	2.9%	49 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	76.6 / 100	+2.5 pp vs world	59.5%	118 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.9 / 100	+22.4 pp vs world
Iceland	1994	34.0%	88 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	57.6 / 100	+14.6 pp vs world	29.2%	136 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	34.1 / 100	+10.3 pp vs world	4.8%	36 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	82.9 / 100	+4.3 pp vs world	63.3%	120 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.0 / 100	+24.9 pp vs world
Iceland	1995	33.8%	91 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	56.1 / 100	+13.2 pp vs world	30.5%	137 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	33.7 / 100	+10.3 pp vs world	3.3%	43 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	79.5 / 100	+2.9 pp vs world	64.3%	120 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.0 / 100	+23.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1996	34.6%	92 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	55.6 / 100	+13.5 pp vs world	34.1%	125 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	39.5 / 100	+13.4 pp vs world	0.5%	67 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	67.8 / 100	+0.0 pp vs world	68.7%	113 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	45.4 / 100	+26.9 pp vs world
Iceland	1997	34.9%	95 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.1 / 100	+12.9 pp vs world	34.4%	129 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	37.6 / 100	+12.9 pp vs world	0.5%	65 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	68.8 / 100	-0.1 pp vs world	69.3%	113 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	45.4 / 100	+25.8 pp vs world
Iceland	1998	33.2%	97 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	53.2 / 100	+11.4 pp vs world	37.5%	118 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.9 / 100	+16.1 pp vs world	-4.3%	94 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.6 / 100	-4.6 pp vs world	70.8%	112 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	45.9 / 100	+27.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1999	32.0%	103 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	50.2 / 100	+10.2 pp vs world	36.5%	120 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.0 / 100	+14.9 pp vs world	-4.5%	107 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	48.3 / 100	-4.7 pp vs world	68.5%	114 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	44.9 / 100	+25.1 pp vs world
Iceland	2000	31.7%	116 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	43.9 / 100	+8.2 pp vs world	38.5%	114 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	44.9 / 100	+15.1 pp vs world	-6.8%	126 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	39.0 / 100	-6.9 pp vs world	70.2%	118 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.9 / 100	+23.3 pp vs world
Iceland	2001	36.5%	95 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	54.1 / 100	+13.6 pp vs world	37.4%	116 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	43.9 / 100	+14.4 pp vs world	-0.8%	76 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	63.4 / 100	-0.8 pp vs world	73.9%	103 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	50.2 / 100	+28.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2002	35.1%	97 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	53.2 / 100	+12.0 pp vs world	33.6%	129 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	37.6 / 100	+10.6 pp vs world	1.6%	69 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	66.8 / 100	+1.4 pp vs world	68.7%	119 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.4 / 100	+22.5 pp vs world
Iceland	2003	32.2%	110 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	46.8 / 100	+8.3 pp vs world	35.2%	123 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	40.5 / 100	+11.4 pp vs world	-2.9%	99 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	52.2 / 100	-3.1 pp vs world	67.4%	123 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	40.5 / 100	+19.7 pp vs world
Iceland	2004	32.1%	120 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.0 / 100	+6.3 pp vs world	37.6%	123 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	40.5 / 100	+12.2 pp vs world	-5.6%	111 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	46.3 / 100	-5.9 pp vs world	69.7%	130 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	37.1 / 100	+18.5 pp vs world
Iceland	2005	29.8%	131 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	37.2 / 100	+2.8 pp vs world	41.4%	110 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	47.3 / 100	+14.7 pp vs world	-11.5%	141 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	32.4 / 100	-11.9 pp vs world	71.2%	126 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	39.6 / 100	+17.5 pp vs world
Iceland	2006	30.1%	132 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	36.7 / 100	+1.3 pp vs world	46.6%	93 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	55.6 / 100	+18.5 pp vs world	-16.5%	154 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	26.1 / 100	-17.2 pp vs world	76.6%	120 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	42.5 / 100	+19.9 pp vs world
Iceland	2007	32.4%	119 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	43.0 / 100	+2.8 pp vs world	41.2%	112 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	46.4 / 100	+12.4 pp vs world	-8.9%	124 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	40.6 / 100	-9.6 pp vs world	73.6%	127 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	39.1 / 100	+15.2 pp vs world
Iceland	2008	39.9%	96 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	54.5 / 100	+9.0 pp vs world	42.0%	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	+11.8 pp vs world	-2.1%	80 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	62.2 / 100	-2.8 pp vs world	81.9%	116 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	45.0 / 100	+20.7 pp vs world
Iceland	2009	48.5%	58 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	72.7 / 100	+22.2 pp vs world	40.5%	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	+14.9 pp vs world	8.0%	32 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	85.2 / 100	+7.4 pp vs world	89.0%	78 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	63.2 / 100	+37.1 pp vs world
Iceland	2010	51.1%	55 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	74.2 / 100	+22.6 pp vs world	41.3%	109 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.3 / 100	+13.7 pp vs world	9.8%	32 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	85.2 / 100	+8.9 pp vs world	92.5%	83 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	60.8 / 100	+36.3 pp vs world
Iceland	2011	54.0%	59 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	72.2 / 100	+23.6 pp vs world	46.2%	104 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	50.7 / 100	+16.7 pp vs world	7.8%	40 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	81.3 / 100	+6.9 pp vs world	100.1%	76 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	64.1 / 100	+40.3 pp vs world
Iceland	2012	54.2%	56 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	73.7 / 100	+24.0 pp vs world	48.2%	96 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	54.5 / 100	+19.1 pp vs world	5.9%	44 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	79.4 / 100	+5.0 pp vs world	102.4%	75 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	64.6 / 100	+43.1 pp vs world
Iceland	2013	52.8%	56 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	73.7 / 100	+22.7 pp vs world	44.9%	104 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	50.7 / 100	+15.8 pp vs world	8.0%	36 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	83.3 / 100	+6.9 pp vs world	97.7%	75 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	64.6 / 100	+38.5 pp vs world
Iceland	2014	50.9%	61 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	71.3 / 100	+21.2 pp vs world	44.4%	102 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	51.7 / 100	+15.4 pp vs world	6.5%	34 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	84.2 / 100	+5.7 pp vs world	95.3%	79 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	62.7 / 100	+36.6 pp vs world
Iceland	2015	51.3%	53 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	75.1 / 100	+23.2 pp vs world	43.6%	102 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	51.7 / 100	+16.0 pp vs world	7.8%	31 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	85.6 / 100	+7.2 pp vs world	94.9%	78 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	63.2 / 100	+39.3 pp vs world
Iceland	2016	47.5%	59 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	72.2 / 100	+20.3 pp vs world	40.3%	114 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	45.9 / 100	+13.9 pp vs world	7.2%	29 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	86.6 / 100	+6.4 pp vs world	87.8%	88 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	58.4 / 100	+34.2 pp vs world
Iceland	2017	45.7%	71 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	66.5 / 100	+17.6 pp vs world	40.7%	109 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.3 / 100	+13.3 pp vs world	5.0%	41 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	80.9 / 100	+4.2 pp vs world	86.4%	92 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	56.5 / 100	+30.9 pp vs world
Iceland	2018	46.5%	69 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	67.5 / 100	+17.4 pp vs world	42.5%	109 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.3 / 100	+14.2 pp vs world	4.0%	50 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	76.6 / 100	+3.2 pp vs world	88.9%	88 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	58.4 / 100	+31.6 pp vs world
Iceland	2019	44.7%	72 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	66.0 / 100	+16.6 pp vs world	39.1%	119 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	43.5 / 100	+11.6 pp vs world	5.6%	43 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	79.9 / 100	+5.0 pp vs world	83.8%	98 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	53.6 / 100	+28.2 pp vs world
Iceland	2020	34.1%	86 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	59.3 / 100	+8.0 pp vs world	34.5%	126 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	40.2 / 100	+9.1 pp vs world	-0.4%	83 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	60.8 / 100	-1.1 pp vs world	68.7%	109 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.3 / 100	+17.2 pp vs world
Iceland	2021	37.4%	97 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	54.1 / 100	+8.7 pp vs world	38.9%	116 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	45.0 / 100	+11.2 pp vs world	-1.5%	99 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	53.1 / 100	-2.5 pp vs world	76.2%	108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	+19.9 pp vs world
Iceland	2022	46.7%	82 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	61.2 / 100	+15.8 pp vs world	46.3%	107 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.3 / 100	+16.2 pp vs world	0.4%	74 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	65.1 / 100	-0.4 pp vs world	93.0%	93 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	56.0 / 100	+32.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2023	44.0%	79 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	62.7 / 100	+14.9 pp vs world	43.2%	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	+14.9 pp vs world	0.7%	79 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	62.7 / 100	-0.0 pp vs world	87.2%	98 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	53.6 / 100	+29.8 pp vs world
Iceland	2024	42.4%	81 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	61.7 / 100	+13.4 pp vs world	43.7%	107 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.3 / 100	+15.6 pp vs world	-1.3%	99 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	53.1 / 100	-2.2 pp vs world	86.1%	98 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	53.6 / 100	+29.0 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

Trade openness is exports plus imports relative to GDP. Imports are positive in the source but subtracted in the expenditure identity.

Latest common comparison

Europe88.4%2024

Northern Europe93.8%2024

World57.1%2024

08 · Industry mix and structural change

Which activities produce value, and how is the mix changing?

Six mutually exclusive activities show the production structure. Manufacturing remains nested inside its parent activity.

Full historical record

Structural change across six activities

Other activities is the largest current activity at 50.0%. Each activity shows change separately for 1970–1990, 1990–2010, and 2010–current.

AMA activity values measure gross value added, not sales, revenue, shipments, gross output, or physical production.

Agriculture, forestry and fishing4.0%

1970–1990-0.2 pp1990–2010-3.8 pp2010–2024-3.0 pp

World specialization: 0.93×

Mining, manufacturing and utilities14.4%

1970–1990-1.2 pp1990–2010-0.9 pp2010–2024-5.4 pp

World specialization: 0.68×

Construction8.3%

1970–1990-5.1 pp1990–2010-5.9 pp2010–2024+3.8 pp

World specialization: 1.44×

Trade, restaurants and hotels12.5%

1970–1990+3.5 pp1990–2010-4.2 pp2010–2024+2.6 pp

World specialization: 0.86×

Transport, storage and communication10.8%

1970–1990-2.7 pp1990–2010-0.6 pp2010–2024+1.1 pp

World specialization: 1.10×

Other activities50.0%

1970–1990+5.7 pp1990–2010+15.5 pp2010–2024+0.9 pp

World specialization: 1.13×

Industry composition and economic scale

The 100% area view isolates changes in production mix. The current-dollar area view combines those shares with nominal GDP so the total height also shows the expansion or contraction of the economy.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates - 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

Agriculture, forestry and fishingMining, manufacturing and utilitiesConstructionTrade, restaurants and hotelsTransport, storage and communicationOther activitiesShare of total gross value added

Formation1970–1990

28.0% → 33.7%

Percentage-point change: +5.7 pp

Integration1990–2010

33.7% → 49.2%

Percentage-point change: +15.5 pp

Current era2010–2024

49.2% → 50.0%

Percentage-point change: +0.9 pp

How to read specialization

World specialization compares an activity's share of this country's gross value added with that activity's share of world gross value added. A result of 1.00× means the shares match; above 1.00× means the activity is relatively more prominent locally, while below 1.00× means it is relatively less prominent. It describes economic structure, not productivity or competitiveness.

Current specialization against world

Agriculture, forestry and fishing0.93×

Mining, manufacturing and utilities0.68×

Construction1.44×

Trade, restaurants and hotels0.86×

Transport, storage and communication1.10×

Other activities1.13×

Industry mix, specialization and world comparison table55 annual rows

Annual shares for the six mutually exclusive broad industries, with world comparisons and ranks wherever comparable data exist. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Industry mix, specialization and world comparison table

Iceland	1970	11.0%	113 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	36.0 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	21.9%	88 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.8 / 100	-8.9 pp vs world	15.5%	4 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	98.3 / 100	+9.0 pp vs world	10.7%	135 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	23.9 / 100	-3.4 pp vs world	12.9%	11 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	94.3 / 100	+5.1 pp vs world	28.0%	86 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	52.0 / 100	-3.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1971	11.1%	115 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	34.9 / 100	+2.1 pp vs world	21.2%	92 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.6 / 100	-9.3 pp vs world	15.7%	5 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	97.7 / 100	+9.0 pp vs world	10.6%	138 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	22.2 / 100	-3.5 pp vs world	12.9%	9 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	95.5 / 100	+5.0 pp vs world	28.5%	83 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	53.7 / 100	-3.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1972	10.9%	114 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	35.4 / 100	+2.2 pp vs world	21.1%	93 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.0 / 100	-9.4 pp vs world	15.3%	5 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	97.7 / 100	+8.5 pp vs world	10.5%	139 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	21.6 / 100	-3.6 pp vs world	13.4%	7 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	96.6 / 100	+5.5 pp vs world	28.8%	84 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	53.1 / 100	-3.4 pp vs world
Iceland	1973	10.9%	109 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	38.3 / 100	+1.8 pp vs world	23.4%	85 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	52.5 / 100	-7.5 pp vs world	15.5%	5 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	97.7 / 100	+8.7 pp vs world	10.9%	135 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	23.9 / 100	-3.1 pp vs world	12.6%	10 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	94.9 / 100	+4.9 pp vs world	26.7%	93 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.0 / 100	-4.9 pp vs world
Iceland	1974	11.6%	102 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	42.3 / 100	+2.9 pp vs world	19.1%	109 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	39.0 / 100	-12.7 pp vs world	16.2%	4 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	98.3 / 100	+9.6 pp vs world	10.3%	138 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	22.2 / 100	-3.8 pp vs world	12.7%	8 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	96.0 / 100	+5.0 pp vs world	30.2%	67 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	62.7 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world
Iceland	1975	10.2%	110 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	37.7 / 100	+1.9 pp vs world	20.9%	97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	-9.8 pp vs world	14.2%	4 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	98.3 / 100	+7.4 pp vs world	10.4%	139 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	21.6 / 100	-3.8 pp vs world	14.8%	4 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	98.3 / 100	+7.1 pp vs world	29.6%	75 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	58.2 / 100	-3.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1976	10.1%	110 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	37.7 / 100	+2.1 pp vs world	22.8%	88 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.8 / 100	-8.1 pp vs world	14.6%	6 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	97.2 / 100	+7.8 pp vs world	10.6%	137 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	22.7 / 100	-3.6 pp vs world	13.4%	5 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	97.7 / 100	+5.6 pp vs world	28.5%	87 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	51.4 / 100	-4.1 pp vs world
Iceland	1977	12.0%	104 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	41.1 / 100	+4.2 pp vs world	23.1%	87 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	51.4 / 100	-7.6 pp vs world	13.8%	6 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	97.2 / 100	+7.1 pp vs world	9.9%	141 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	20.5 / 100	-4.4 pp vs world	12.1%	12 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	93.8 / 100	+4.3 pp vs world	29.0%	86 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	52.0 / 100	-3.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1978	12.6%	100 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	43.4 / 100	+5.1 pp vs world	21.9%	92 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	48.6 / 100	-8.6 pp vs world	13.0%	10 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	94.9 / 100	+6.1 pp vs world	10.0%	144 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	18.8 / 100	-4.3 pp vs world	12.2%	11 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	94.3 / 100	+4.3 pp vs world	30.3%	83 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	53.7 / 100	-2.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1979	12.4%	99 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	44.0 / 100	+5.1 pp vs world	24.5%	81 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	54.8 / 100	-6.3 pp vs world	11.4%	14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	92.7 / 100	+4.6 pp vs world	10.1%	139 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	21.6 / 100	-4.1 pp vs world	10.9%	21 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	88.6 / 100	+3.0 pp vs world	30.6%	80 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	55.4 / 100	-2.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1980	11.8%	95 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	46.3 / 100	+5.0 pp vs world	24.8%	80 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	55.4 / 100	-6.3 pp vs world	11.7%	12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	93.8 / 100	+5.0 pp vs world	11.4%	130 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	26.7 / 100	-2.8 pp vs world	10.7%	24 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	86.9 / 100	+2.9 pp vs world	29.6%	87 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	51.4 / 100	-4.1 pp vs world
Iceland	1981	11.2%	99 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	44.0 / 100	+4.4 pp vs world	24.2%	79 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	55.9 / 100	-6.4 pp vs world	12.1%	11 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	94.4 / 100	+5.6 pp vs world	12.0%	121 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	31.8 / 100	-2.3 pp vs world	11.9%	13 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	93.2 / 100	+4.1 pp vs world	28.6%	98 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	-5.6 pp vs world
Iceland	1982	8.9%	108 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	38.9 / 100	+2.1 pp vs world	23.3%	87 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	51.4 / 100	-6.5 pp vs world	13.4%	8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	96.0 / 100	+7.2 pp vs world	10.6%	139 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	21.6 / 100	-3.7 pp vs world	11.7%	19 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	89.8 / 100	+3.8 pp vs world	32.0%	80 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	55.4 / 100	-3.2 pp vs world
Iceland	1983	8.7%	108 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	38.9 / 100	+1.8 pp vs world	23.9%	77 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	-5.5 pp vs world	10.8%	21 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	88.7 / 100	+4.8 pp vs world	12.7%	121 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	31.8 / 100	-1.7 pp vs world	12.3%	14 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	92.6 / 100	+4.3 pp vs world	31.6%	85 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	52.5 / 100	-4.2 pp vs world
Iceland	1984	9.3%	106 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	40.0 / 100	+2.5 pp vs world	26.0%	68 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	62.1 / 100	-3.2 pp vs world	10.8%	18 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	90.4 / 100	+5.0 pp vs world	12.6%	125 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	29.5 / 100	-2.0 pp vs world	12.3%	17 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	90.9 / 100	+4.3 pp vs world	29.0%	97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	-6.9 pp vs world
Iceland	1985	10.8%	100 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	43.4 / 100	+4.4 pp vs world	24.4%	79 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	55.9 / 100	-4.3 pp vs world	10.3%	17 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	91.0 / 100	+4.5 pp vs world	11.8%	132 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	25.6 / 100	-2.9 pp vs world	10.7%	23 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	87.5 / 100	+2.7 pp vs world	31.9%	84 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	53.1 / 100	-4.8 pp vs world
Iceland	1986	11.5%	99 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	44.0 / 100	+5.6 pp vs world	24.7%	77 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	-3.0 pp vs world	10.9%	12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	93.8 / 100	+4.9 pp vs world	12.3%	136 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	23.3 / 100	-2.4 pp vs world	10.6%	23 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	87.5 / 100	+2.5 pp vs world	30.0%	100 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	44.1 / 100	-7.8 pp vs world
Iceland	1987	11.1%	95 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	46.3 / 100	+5.6 pp vs world	23.2%	87 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	51.4 / 100	-4.2 pp vs world	11.2%	11 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	94.4 / 100	+5.2 pp vs world	12.5%	131 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	26.1 / 100	-2.1 pp vs world	10.1%	35 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	80.7 / 100	+2.0 pp vs world	31.8%	88 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	50.8 / 100	-6.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1988	10.9%	99 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	44.0 / 100	+5.5 pp vs world	22.9%	91 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	49.2 / 100	-4.3 pp vs world	10.3%	16 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	91.5 / 100	+4.1 pp vs world	11.2%	145 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	18.2 / 100	-3.4 pp vs world	10.2%	34 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	81.3 / 100	+2.1 pp vs world	34.5%	69 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.6 / 100	-4.1 pp vs world
Iceland	1989	10.7%	99 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	44.3 / 100	+5.3 pp vs world	22.5%	94 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	-4.3 pp vs world	10.6%	15 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	92.1 / 100	+4.4 pp vs world	11.9%	134 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	24.9 / 100	-2.6 pp vs world	9.6%	45 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	75.1 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	34.6%	70 of 179 · highest-to-lowest	61.2 / 100	-4.5 pp vs world
Iceland	1990	10.8%	117 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	42.9 / 100	+5.7 pp vs world	20.8%	126 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	39.0 / 100	-5.8 pp vs world	10.3%	21 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	90.2 / 100	+4.1 pp vs world	14.1%	113 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	45.1 / 100	-0.4 pp vs world	10.3%	35 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	83.3 / 100	+2.1 pp vs world	33.7%	81 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	61.0 / 100	-5.9 pp vs world
Iceland	1991	11.2%	112 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	45.3 / 100	+6.4 pp vs world	20.6%	120 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.0 / 100	-5.4 pp vs world	9.9%	21 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	90.2 / 100	+3.9 pp vs world	14.1%	108 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	47.5 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world	9.9%	50 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	76.0 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	34.3%	85 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	59.0 / 100	-5.9 pp vs world
Iceland	1992	10.7%	111 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	+6.5 pp vs world	20.0%	129 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	37.6 / 100	-5.3 pp vs world	9.9%	16 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	92.7 / 100	+4.0 pp vs world	14.2%	105 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	49.0 / 100	-1.1 pp vs world	9.8%	51 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	75.5 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	35.4%	77 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	62.9 / 100	-5.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1993	10.9%	107 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	+6.7 pp vs world	20.3%	123 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	40.5 / 100	-4.5 pp vs world	9.5%	19 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	91.2 / 100	+3.6 pp vs world	13.7%	113 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	45.1 / 100	-1.4 pp vs world	10.0%	47 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	77.5 / 100	+1.7 pp vs world	35.6%	80 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	61.5 / 100	-6.1 pp vs world
Iceland	1994	10.2%	109 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	46.8 / 100	+6.2 pp vs world	20.6%	118 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	42.9 / 100	-3.9 pp vs world	8.5%	27 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	87.3 / 100	+2.6 pp vs world	13.7%	116 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	43.6 / 100	-1.5 pp vs world	11.5%	27 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	87.3 / 100	+3.1 pp vs world	35.4%	78 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	62.4 / 100	-5.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1995	10.6%	106 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	48.3 / 100	+6.6 pp vs world	19.7%	124 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	40.0 / 100	-4.8 pp vs world	7.7%	34 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	83.9 / 100	+2.0 pp vs world	13.6%	123 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	40.2 / 100	-1.5 pp vs world	10.9%	36 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	82.8 / 100	+2.3 pp vs world	37.5%	72 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	65.4 / 100	-4.6 pp vs world
Iceland	1996	10.4%	105 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	+6.3 pp vs world	19.5%	128 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	38.0 / 100	-4.8 pp vs world	7.3%	46 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	78.0 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	13.8%	115 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	44.1 / 100	-1.1 pp vs world	10.8%	34 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	83.8 / 100	+2.3 pp vs world	38.2%	68 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	67.3 / 100	-4.2 pp vs world
Iceland	1997	9.1%	109 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	46.8 / 100	+5.2 pp vs world	20.5%	116 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	43.9 / 100	-3.5 pp vs world	8.7%	27 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	87.3 / 100	+3.2 pp vs world	13.2%	133 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	35.3 / 100	-1.9 pp vs world	11.3%	39 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	81.4 / 100	+2.6 pp vs world	37.2%	71 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	65.9 / 100	-5.6 pp vs world
Iceland	1998	9.2%	110 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	46.3 / 100	+5.3 pp vs world	19.1%	121 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	41.5 / 100	-4.1 pp vs world	8.7%	27 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	87.3 / 100	+3.2 pp vs world	13.0%	137 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	33.3 / 100	-2.1 pp vs world	11.3%	36 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	82.8 / 100	+2.3 pp vs world	38.7%	70 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	66.3 / 100	-4.7 pp vs world
Iceland	1999	8.7%	111 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	45.8 / 100	+5.1 pp vs world	17.7%	130 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	37.1 / 100	-5.4 pp vs world	8.4%	31 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	85.4 / 100	+3.0 pp vs world	13.4%	130 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	36.8 / 100	-1.7 pp vs world	11.5%	41 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	80.4 / 100	+2.3 pp vs world	40.3%	58 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	72.2 / 100	-3.3 pp vs world
Iceland	2000	7.9%	113 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	44.8 / 100	+4.5 pp vs world	17.0%	135 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	34.6 / 100	-6.5 pp vs world	9.0%	19 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	91.2 / 100	+3.7 pp vs world	12.8%	140 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	31.9 / 100	-2.2 pp vs world	11.3%	49 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	76.5 / 100	+2.2 pp vs world	41.9%	53 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	74.6 / 100	-1.6 pp vs world
Iceland	2001	8.3%	109 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	46.8 / 100	+4.9 pp vs world	19.1%	121 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	41.5 / 100	-3.5 pp vs world	8.2%	26 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	87.8 / 100	+2.9 pp vs world	11.4%	162 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	21.1 / 100	-3.6 pp vs world	11.2%	51 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	75.5 / 100	+1.9 pp vs world	41.8%	58 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	72.2 / 100	-2.7 pp vs world
Iceland	2002	8.4%	109 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	46.8 / 100	+5.0 pp vs world	16.8%	138 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	33.2 / 100	-5.3 pp vs world	7.9%	28 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	86.8 / 100	+2.6 pp vs world	11.7%	156 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	24.0 / 100	-3.1 pp vs world	10.9%	58 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	72.1 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	44.2%	46 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	78.0 / 100	-0.8 pp vs world
Iceland	2003	7.2%	114 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	44.3 / 100	+3.8 pp vs world	16.0%	141 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	31.7 / 100	-6.1 pp vs world	7.9%	28 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	86.8 / 100	+2.6 pp vs world	11.6%	160 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	22.1 / 100	-3.2 pp vs world	10.5%	64 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	69.1 / 100	+1.2 pp vs world	46.8%	30 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	85.9 / 100	+1.7 pp vs world
Iceland	2004	6.0%	122 of 204 · highest-to-lowest	40.4 / 100	+2.6 pp vs world	15.6%	145 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	29.8 / 100	-7.0 pp vs world	9.0%	19 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	91.2 / 100	+3.6 pp vs world	11.8%	158 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	23.0 / 100	-2.8 pp vs world	10.2%	74 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	64.2 / 100	+0.7 pp vs world	47.3%	28 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	86.8 / 100	+3.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2005	5.5%	124 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	39.7 / 100	+2.1 pp vs world	13.6%	152 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	27.1 / 100	-9.4 pp vs world	10.3%	16 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	92.8 / 100	+4.7 pp vs world	12.1%	157 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	24.3 / 100	-2.5 pp vs world	9.9%	84 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	59.7 / 100	+0.5 pp vs world	48.7%	24 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	88.9 / 100	+4.6 pp vs world
Iceland	2006	5.5%	120 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	41.7 / 100	+2.2 pp vs world	14.7%	148 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	29.0 / 100	-8.8 pp vs world	10.9%	15 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	93.2 / 100	+5.2 pp vs world	11.0%	168 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	18.9 / 100	-3.4 pp vs world	9.0%	106 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	49.0 / 100	-0.3 pp vs world	48.9%	26 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	87.9 / 100	+5.1 pp vs world
Iceland	2007	4.8%	127 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	38.2 / 100	+1.3 pp vs world	12.9%	156 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	25.1 / 100	-10.7 pp vs world	10.0%	24 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	88.9 / 100	+4.3 pp vs world	11.3%	168 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	18.9 / 100	-2.9 pp vs world	8.6%	119 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	42.7 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world	52.4%	16 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	92.8 / 100	+8.8 pp vs world
Iceland	2008	5.4%	116 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	44.2 / 100	+1.7 pp vs world	16.9%	129 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	38.8 / 100	-7.2 pp vs world	8.5%	43 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	79.9 / 100	+2.9 pp vs world	10.1%	184 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	12.0 / 100	-4.1 pp vs world	8.6%	110 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	47.6 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world	50.4%	21 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	90.4 / 100	+7.3 pp vs world
Iceland	2009	6.2%	114 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	45.1 / 100	+2.4 pp vs world	16.8%	126 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	40.2 / 100	-5.5 pp vs world	4.7%	149 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	29.2 / 100	-0.9 pp vs world	10.2%	185 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	11.5 / 100	-3.8 pp vs world	9.0%	115 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	45.2 / 100	-0.2 pp vs world	53.1%	15 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	93.3 / 100	+8.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2010	7.0%	108 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	48.1 / 100	+3.0 pp vs world	19.8%	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	-3.9 pp vs world	4.5%	149 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	29.2 / 100	-0.9 pp vs world	9.9%	183 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	12.5 / 100	-4.2 pp vs world	9.7%	87 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	58.7 / 100	+0.6 pp vs world	49.2%	35 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	83.7 / 100	+5.3 pp vs world
Iceland	2011	7.6%	103 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	50.5 / 100	+3.4 pp vs world	20.3%	108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	-3.9 pp vs world	4.2%	160 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	23.9 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	11.0%	175 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	16.3 / 100	-3.0 pp vs world	9.7%	77 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	63.5 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	47.2%	40 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	81.3 / 100	+4.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2012	7.6%	99 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	52.4 / 100	+3.3 pp vs world	18.9%	113 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	46.4 / 100	-5.2 pp vs world	4.5%	151 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	28.2 / 100	-1.0 pp vs world	10.4%	183 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	12.5 / 100	-3.7 pp vs world	9.4%	90 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	57.2 / 100	+0.5 pp vs world	49.2%	33 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	84.7 / 100	+6.1 pp vs world
Iceland	2013	6.7%	107 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	48.5 / 100	+2.3 pp vs world	18.2%	121 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	42.6 / 100	-5.6 pp vs world	4.8%	143 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	32.1 / 100	-0.8 pp vs world	10.8%	180 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	13.9 / 100	-3.3 pp vs world	10.5%	56 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	73.6 / 100	+1.5 pp vs world	49.1%	35 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	83.7 / 100	+5.8 pp vs world
Iceland	2014	5.9%	113 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	45.6 / 100	+1.4 pp vs world	17.8%	117 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	44.5 / 100	-5.6 pp vs world	5.4%	120 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	43.1 / 100	-0.2 pp vs world	11.5%	172 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	17.8 / 100	-2.6 pp vs world	10.1%	73 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	65.4 / 100	+1.1 pp vs world	49.4%	35 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	83.7 / 100	+5.9 pp vs world
Iceland	2015	6.0%	114 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	45.1 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	16.8%	123 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	41.6 / 100	-5.6 pp vs world	5.5%	124 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	41.1 / 100	-0.1 pp vs world	12.1%	165 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	21.2 / 100	-2.2 pp vs world	11.1%	52 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	75.5 / 100	+2.0 pp vs world	48.5%	40 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	81.3 / 100	+4.3 pp vs world
Iceland	2016	5.0%	123 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	40.8 / 100	+0.6 pp vs world	15.2%	137 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	34.9 / 100	-6.5 pp vs world	6.8%	67 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	68.4 / 100	+1.2 pp vs world	13.2%	149 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	28.8 / 100	-1.1 pp vs world	11.4%	47 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	77.9 / 100	+2.1 pp vs world	48.4%	41 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	80.9 / 100	+3.6 pp vs world
Iceland	2017	4.2%	130 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	37.4 / 100	-0.1 pp vs world	14.4%	142 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	32.5 / 100	-7.6 pp vs world	7.5%	56 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	73.7 / 100	+1.8 pp vs world	13.2%	148 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	29.3 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	11.2%	44 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	79.3 / 100	+2.0 pp vs world	49.5%	33 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	84.7 / 100	+5.1 pp vs world
Iceland	2018	4.7%	123 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	40.8 / 100	+0.5 pp vs world	14.7%	145 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	31.1 / 100	-7.8 pp vs world	7.8%	48 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	77.5 / 100	+2.1 pp vs world	12.7%	154 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	26.4 / 100	-1.5 pp vs world	11.9%	33 of 209 · highest-to-lowest	84.6 / 100	+2.6 pp vs world	48.3%	43 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	79.9 / 100	+4.1 pp vs world
Iceland	2019	4.9%	116 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	44.2 / 100	+0.7 pp vs world	13.8%	150 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	28.7 / 100	-7.9 pp vs world	7.7%	55 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	74.2 / 100	+1.9 pp vs world	12.5%	158 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	24.9 / 100	-1.8 pp vs world	11.4%	43 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	79.9 / 100	+1.9 pp vs world	49.7%	33 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	84.7 / 100	+5.2 pp vs world
Iceland	2020	5.3%	121 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	41.7 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	14.6%	142 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	32.5 / 100	-6.4 pp vs world	7.7%	47 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	78.0 / 100	+1.9 pp vs world	11.1%	170 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	19.1 / 100	-2.6 pp vs world	9.5%	79 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	62.7 / 100	+0.1 pp vs world	51.8%	34 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	84.2 / 100	+6.2 pp vs world
Iceland	2021	4.9%	123 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	40.8 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world	15.7%	136 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	35.4 / 100	-6.6 pp vs world	7.0%	61 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	71.3 / 100	+1.3 pp vs world	12.4%	150 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	28.7 / 100	-1.6 pp vs world	9.6%	73 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	65.6 / 100	+0.2 pp vs world	50.4%	36 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	83.3 / 100	+6.3 pp vs world
Iceland	2022	4.7%	123 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	40.8 / 100	+0.1 pp vs world	16.0%	134 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	36.4 / 100	-6.8 pp vs world	7.3%	56 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	73.7 / 100	+1.6 pp vs world	12.4%	154 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	26.8 / 100	-1.9 pp vs world	10.7%	55 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	74.2 / 100	+1.2 pp vs world	48.9%	32 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	85.2 / 100	+5.7 pp vs world
Iceland	2023	4.8%	115 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	44.7 / 100	+0.5 pp vs world	14.2%	146 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	30.6 / 100	-7.5 pp vs world	7.9%	43 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	79.9 / 100	+2.1 pp vs world	12.8%	150 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	28.7 / 100	-1.7 pp vs world	10.8%	53 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	75.1 / 100	+1.1 pp vs world	49.4%	35 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	83.7 / 100	+5.4 pp vs world
Iceland	2024	4.0%	126 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	39.3 / 100	-0.3 pp vs world	14.4%	140 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	33.5 / 100	-6.7 pp vs world	8.3%	42 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	80.4 / 100	+2.5 pp vs world	12.5%	156 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	25.8 / 100	-2.0 pp vs world	10.8%	56 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	73.7 / 100	+1.0 pp vs world	50.0%	33 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	84.7 / 100	+5.6 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

09 · Manufacturing position

What role does manufacturing play at home and in the world?

Domestic share, its place inside the parent industry, real growth, specialization and world contribution are kept together.

Full historical record

Manufacturing in the economic structure

Manufacturing accounts for 10.0% of total gross value added in 2024. In 2024, Iceland was 5.7 percentage points below the world value.

Latest share: 10.0%
World specialization: 0.64×
Latest year: 2024

Formation1970–1990

18.7% → 16.4%

Percentage-point change: -2.3 pp

Integration1990–2010

16.4% → 14.3%

Percentage-point change: -2.0 pp

Current era2010–2024

14.3% → 10.0%

Percentage-point change: -4.4 pp

Share of total GVA10.0%2024 · Derived measure · World rank 119 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Share within parent activity69.1%2024 · Derived measure · World rank 101 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Real manufacturing growth4.8%2024 · Published series · World rank 61 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Share of world manufacturing0.0%2024 · Derived measure · World rank 111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Manufacturing annual rates, ranks and specialization table55 annual rows

Manufacturing's annual structural, growth and world-position measures. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

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Showing 55 of 55 rows

Manufacturing annual rates, ranks and specialization table

Iceland	1970	18.7%	59 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	66.9 / 100	-7.3 pp vs world	85.1%	71 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	60.0 / 100	+1.0 pp vs world	Source observation unavailable	Not calculable without a source observation	Not calculable without a source observation	Comparable world observation unavailable	0.0%	93 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1971	18.1%	60 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	66.3 / 100	-7.5 pp vs world	85.0%	69 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	61.1 / 100	+1.3 pp vs world	12.3%	24 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	86.9 / 100	+9.2 pp vs world	0.0%	92 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	48.0 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1972	17.7%	64 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	64.0 / 100	-7.8 pp vs world	83.9%	73 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	58.9 / 100	+0.3 pp vs world	5.4%	88 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	-1.0 pp vs world	0.0%	90 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	49.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1973	20.2%	53 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	70.3 / 100	-5.5 pp vs world	86.3%	63 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	64.6 / 100	+3.2 pp vs world	6.6%	96 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	45.7 / 100	-2.5 pp vs world	0.0%	86 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	51.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1974	16.1%	76 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	-9.0 pp vs world	84.7%	72 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	59.4 / 100	+5.5 pp vs world	1.2%	137 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	22.3 / 100	-0.2 pp vs world	0.0%	90 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	49.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1975	16.8%	76 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	-7.4 pp vs world	80.5%	82 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	53.7 / 100	+1.5 pp vs world	-0.5%	107 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	39.4 / 100	+2.4 pp vs world	0.0%	93 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1976	18.9%	63 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	64.6 / 100	-5.5 pp vs world	82.7%	76 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	+3.9 pp vs world	10.8%	45 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	74.9 / 100	+3.6 pp vs world	0.0%	89 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	49.7 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1977	19.4%	54 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	69.7 / 100	-4.7 pp vs world	83.9%	68 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	61.7 / 100	+5.5 pp vs world	15.2%	20 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	89.1 / 100	+11.3 pp vs world	0.0%	88 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1978	18.2%	62 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	65.1 / 100	-5.9 pp vs world	83.3%	73 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	58.9 / 100	+4.3 pp vs world	2.2%	123 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	30.3 / 100	-1.3 pp vs world	0.0%	88 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	50.3 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1979	20.4%	51 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	71.6 / 100	-3.4 pp vs world	83.2%	74 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	58.5 / 100	+6.0 pp vs world	8.6%	58 of 176 · highest-to-lowest	67.4 / 100	+4.5 pp vs world	0.0%	84 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	52.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1980	20.1%	53 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	70.5 / 100	-2.8 pp vs world	81.0%	82 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	54.0 / 100	+7.3 pp vs world	8.2%	49 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	72.7 / 100	+8.0 pp vs world	0.0%	81 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	54.5 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1981	19.9%	53 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	70.5 / 100	-2.6 pp vs world	82.3%	80 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	+8.9 pp vs world	2.8%	89 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	50.0 / 100	+1.5 pp vs world	0.0%	84 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	52.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1982	18.6%	55 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	69.3 / 100	-3.5 pp vs world	79.7%	80 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	55.1 / 100	+5.6 pp vs world	-4.8%	148 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	16.5 / 100	-3.1 pp vs world	0.0%	87 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	51.1 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1983	17.1%	64 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	64.2 / 100	-4.6 pp vs world	71.8%	105 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	40.9 / 100	-2.2 pp vs world	-6.4%	156 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	11.9 / 100	-8.2 pp vs world	0.0%	91 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	48.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1984	18.8%	55 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	69.3 / 100	-3.0 pp vs world	72.3%	99 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	44.3 / 100	-2.3 pp vs world	6.7%	67 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	62.5 / 100	+1.2 pp vs world	0.0%	90 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	49.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1985	18.1%	59 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	67.0 / 100	-3.6 pp vs world	74.1%	94 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	47.2 / 100	-1.4 pp vs world	1.6%	115 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	35.2 / 100	-2.7 pp vs world	0.0%	91 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	48.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1986	19.4%	55 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	69.3 / 100	-2.6 pp vs world	78.4%	84 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	52.8 / 100	-0.9 pp vs world	5.1%	68 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	61.9 / 100	+3.0 pp vs world	0.0%	85 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	52.3 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1987	19.1%	53 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	70.5 / 100	-2.7 pp vs world	82.1%	71 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	60.2 / 100	+2.8 pp vs world	8.2%	51 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	71.6 / 100	+3.7 pp vs world	0.0%	75 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	58.0 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1988	18.1%	68 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	61.9 / 100	-3.7 pp vs world	79.1%	81 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	54.5 / 100	-1.0 pp vs world	-6.1%	161 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	9.1 / 100	-11.8 pp vs world	0.0%	75 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	58.0 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1989	17.7%	70 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	61.0 / 100	-3.7 pp vs world	78.6%	84 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	53.1 / 100	-1.2 pp vs world	-3.3%	151 of 177 · highest-to-lowest	14.8 / 100	-6.0 pp vs world	0.0%	80 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	55.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1990	16.4%	100 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	51.5 / 100	-4.4 pp vs world	78.8%	95 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	53.9 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world	-3.4%	141 of 178 · highest-to-lowest	20.9 / 100	-4.6 pp vs world	0.0%	93 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	54.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1991	16.4%	97 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	52.9 / 100	-4.1 pp vs world	79.7%	90 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	56.4 / 100	+1.0 pp vs world	1.8%	97 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	52.9 / 100	+1.8 pp vs world	0.0%	91 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	55.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1992	15.6%	97 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	52.9 / 100	-4.2 pp vs world	78.2%	96 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	53.4 / 100	-0.1 pp vs world	-2.7%	147 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	28.4 / 100	-2.2 pp vs world	0.0%	91 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	55.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1993	15.7%	90 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	56.4 / 100	-3.4 pp vs world	77.6%	92 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	55.4 / 100	+0.1 pp vs world	-2.2%	134 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	34.8 / 100	-1.5 pp vs world	0.0%	94 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	54.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1994	16.4%	86 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	58.3 / 100	-2.8 pp vs world	79.5%	85 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	58.8 / 100	+1.2 pp vs world	2.1%	120 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	41.7 / 100	-1.4 pp vs world	0.0%	90 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	56.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1995	15.5%	93 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	54.9 / 100	-3.7 pp vs world	78.5%	88 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	57.4 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world	-2.4%	167 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	18.6 / 100	-7.3 pp vs world	0.0%	90 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	56.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1996	15.4%	90 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	56.4 / 100	-3.1 pp vs world	79.2%	80 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	61.3 / 100	+2.7 pp vs world	5.7%	70 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	66.2 / 100	+3.1 pp vs world	0.0%	91 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	55.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1997	16.1%	81 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	60.8 / 100	-2.2 pp vs world	78.5%	89 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	56.9 / 100	+2.5 pp vs world	-0.4%	176 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	14.2 / 100	-4.9 pp vs world	0.0%	90 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	56.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1998	15.2%	89 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	56.9 / 100	-2.6 pp vs world	79.8%	78 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	62.3 / 100	+3.0 pp vs world	0.8%	132 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	35.8 / 100	-0.5 pp vs world	0.0%	91 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	55.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	1999	13.6%	97 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	52.9 / 100	-3.9 pp vs world	77.0%	91 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	55.9 / 100	+1.0 pp vs world	0.8%	145 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	29.4 / 100	-2.5 pp vs world	0.0%	92 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	55.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2000	13.1%	105 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	49.0 / 100	-4.2 pp vs world	77.3%	88 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	57.4 / 100	+3.4 pp vs world	1.3%	153 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	25.5 / 100	-5.1 pp vs world	0.0%	95 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	53.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2001	14.9%	91 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	55.9 / 100	-1.5 pp vs world	78.1%	86 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	58.3 / 100	+5.4 pp vs world	7.1%	55 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	73.5 / 100	+7.9 pp vs world	0.0%	94 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	54.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2002	12.9%	104 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	49.5 / 100	-3.0 pp vs world	76.9%	89 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	56.9 / 100	+4.8 pp vs world	-1.4%	166 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	19.1 / 100	-2.4 pp vs world	0.0%	98 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	52.5 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2003	12.4%	107 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	48.0 / 100	-3.5 pp vs world	77.1%	82 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	60.3 / 100	+5.6 pp vs world	-0.3%	156 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	24.0 / 100	-3.8 pp vs world	0.0%	97 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	52.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2004	11.9%	107 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	48.3 / 100	-5.4 pp vs world	76.4%	89 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	57.1 / 100	-0.1 pp vs world	7.9%	54 of 205 · highest-to-lowest	74.0 / 100	-11.7 pp vs world	0.0%	97 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	53.2 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2005	10.0%	126 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	39.6 / 100	-7.1 pp vs world	73.2%	95 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	54.6 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world	0.0%	167 of 206 · highest-to-lowest	19.0 / 100	-4.3 pp vs world	0.0%	102 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	51.2 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2006	10.5%	120 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	42.5 / 100	-6.6 pp vs world	71.2%	100 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	52.2 / 100	-1.3 pp vs world	7.2%	81 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	61.2 / 100	+0.5 pp vs world	0.0%	103 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	50.7 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2007	8.9%	133 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	36.2 / 100	-8.2 pp vs world	69.4%	111 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	46.9 / 100	-3.0 pp vs world	6.1%	82 of 207 · highest-to-lowest	60.7 / 100	+0.1 pp vs world	0.0%	106 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	49.3 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2008	12.1%	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	-4.7 pp vs world	71.6%	100 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	52.6 / 100	+1.7 pp vs world	6.5%	53 of 208 · highest-to-lowest	74.9 / 100	+5.3 pp vs world	0.0%	108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2009	12.0%	106 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	-4.2 pp vs world	71.1%	102 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	51.7 / 100	-1.5 pp vs world	-5.9%	126 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	40.2 / 100	+0.5 pp vs world	0.0%	113 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	46.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2010	14.3%	83 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	60.8 / 100	-2.4 pp vs world	72.2%	92 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	56.5 / 100	+1.4 pp vs world	3.9%	117 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	44.5 / 100	-5.2 pp vs world	0.0%	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2011	14.5%	75 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	64.6 / 100	-2.3 pp vs world	71.3%	93 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	56.0 / 100	+2.0 pp vs world	6.2%	76 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	64.1 / 100	+1.9 pp vs world	0.0%	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2012	13.0%	87 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	58.9 / 100	-3.8 pp vs world	68.8%	97 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	54.1 / 100	-0.7 pp vs world	3.1%	82 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	61.2 / 100	+0.8 pp vs world	0.0%	115 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	45.5 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2013	12.4%	94 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	55.5 / 100	-4.2 pp vs world	68.4%	98 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	53.6 / 100	-1.5 pp vs world	2.7%	102 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	51.7 / 100	-0.5 pp vs world	0.0%	113 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	46.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2014	12.8%	89 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	57.9 / 100	-4.0 pp vs world	72.0%	89 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	57.9 / 100	+0.2 pp vs world	6.8%	54 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	74.6 / 100	+2.6 pp vs world	0.0%	114 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	45.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2015	12.0%	102 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	51.7 / 100	-5.1 pp vs world	71.3%	96 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	54.5 / 100	-4.9 pp vs world	3.6%	95 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	55.0 / 100	+0.0 pp vs world	0.0%	112 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	46.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2016	10.6%	119 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	43.5 / 100	-6.2 pp vs world	69.7%	101 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	52.2 / 100	-7.7 pp vs world	0.9%	142 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	32.5 / 100	-1.6 pp vs world	0.0%	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2017	9.9%	124 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	41.1 / 100	-6.8 pp vs world	68.7%	106 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	49.8 / 100	-7.4 pp vs world	-3.9%	186 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	11.5 / 100	-7.2 pp vs world	0.0%	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2018	10.1%	118 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	44.0 / 100	-6.7 pp vs world	69.1%	100 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	52.6 / 100	-6.0 pp vs world	9.4%	33 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	84.7 / 100	+5.4 pp vs world	0.0%	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2019	9.4%	124 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	41.1 / 100	-7.1 pp vs world	67.8%	103 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	51.2 / 100	-7.8 pp vs world	-7.2%	198 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	5.7 / 100	-8.7 pp vs world	0.0%	112 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	46.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2020	9.9%	120 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	43.1 / 100	-6.5 pp vs world	67.5%	105 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	50.2 / 100	-10.1 pp vs world	-2.0%	78 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	63.2 / 100	+0.4 pp vs world	0.0%	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2021	11.1%	109 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.3 / 100	-5.8 pp vs world	70.6%	98 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	53.6 / 100	-4.8 pp vs world	11.6%	47 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	78.0 / 100	+2.6 pp vs world	0.0%	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2022	11.0%	110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.8 / 100	-5.4 pp vs world	68.6%	102 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	51.7 / 100	-3.3 pp vs world	0.7%	145 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	31.1 / 100	-1.4 pp vs world	0.0%	112 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	46.9 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2023	9.5%	123 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	41.6 / 100	-6.5 pp vs world	66.7%	108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	48.8 / 100	-6.7 pp vs world	-5.6%	186 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	11.5 / 100	-7.2 pp vs world	0.0%	113 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	46.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world
Iceland	2024	10.0%	119 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	43.5 / 100	-5.7 pp vs world	69.1%	101 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	52.2 / 100	-5.0 pp vs world	4.8%	61 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	71.3 / 100	+1.8 pp vs world	0.0%	111 of 210 · highest-to-lowest	47.4 / 100	-100.0 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

Manufacturing is part of mining, manufacturing and utilities; it is not a seventh broad-industry slice. Share and real growth describe different dimensions.

Current manufacturing specialization

Europe0.68×

Northern Europe0.80×

World0.64×

Iceland Economic Overview

Read the economy through three eras

What should a reader know first?

Real output, indexed to a shared starting year

Real GDP trajectory

How large is the economy, and where does it sit globally?

Nominal GDP

Nominal GDP and UN benchmarks

What does the record show per person?

GDP per person

GDP per person and UN benchmarks

How quickly has real activity changed, and how have output prices moved?

Real GDP growth

Real GDP growth and UN benchmarks

How is output used for consumption and domestic demand?

Final Consumption

Final consumption and UN benchmarks

How much current output is directed toward capital formation?

Gross Capital Formation

Gross capital formation and UN benchmarks

How exposed is the economy to trade, and what is the external balance?

Trade openness

Trade openness and UN benchmarks

Which activities produce value, and how is the mix changing?

Structural change across six activities

Industry composition and economic scale

Broad industry structure over time

What role does manufacturing play at home and in the world?

Manufacturing in the economic structure