Source-specific country analysis
China (mainland) Economic Overview
UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (UNSD AMA)
ReleaseJanuary 28, 2026Observations1970–20243 analysis periods1970–1990 · 1990–2010 · 2010–2024Currency basesNational · U.S. dollars
Three fixed historical periods
Read the economy through three eras
Every chart uses the same labeled periods. There is no page-wide selection to remember as you move between topics.
Formation1970–1990
Integration1990–2010
Current era2010–2024
01 · Economic overview
What should a reader know first?
Latest values orient the reader; the three-era analysis below shows how the economic record developed.
Economic overview annual rank and index table55 annual rows
Annual core economic measures, world ranks and comparable world indices. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.
Showing 55 of 55 rows
| China (mainland) | 1970 | $92.60B | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 2.7 (world = 100) | Source observation unavailable | Not calculable without a source observation | Not calculable without a source observation | Comparable world observation unavailable | $112 | 162 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.0 / 100 | 12.1 (world = 100) | 2.7% | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | -97.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1971 | $99.80B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.6 (world = 100) | 7.0% | 47 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 74.0 / 100 | +2.8 pp vs world | $118 | 161 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | 11.8 (world = 100) | 2.6% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1972 | $113.69B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.6 (world = 100) | 3.8% | 105 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 41.2 / 100 | -1.6 pp vs world | $132 | 159 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | 11.7 (world = 100) | 2.6% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1973 | $138.54B | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 2.6 (world = 100) | 7.9% | 47 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 74.0 / 100 | +1.5 pp vs world | $157 | 159 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | 11.6 (world = 100) | 2.6% | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | -97.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1974 | $144.19B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.4 (world = 100) | 2.3% | 138 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 22.6 / 100 | +0.2 pp vs world | $160 | 163 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 8.5 / 100 | 10.7 (world = 100) | 2.4% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1975 | $163.43B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.4 (world = 100) | 8.7% | 23 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 87.6 / 100 | +7.9 pp vs world | $178 | 163 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 8.5 / 100 | 10.8 (world = 100) | 2.4% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1976 | $153.94B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.1 (world = 100) | -1.6% | 165 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.3 / 100 | -6.8 pp vs world | $165 | 165 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.3 / 100 | 9.5 (world = 100) | 2.1% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1977 | $174.94B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.1 (world = 100) | 7.6% | 53 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 70.6 / 100 | +3.5 pp vs world | $185 | 164 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.9 / 100 | 9.6 (world = 100) | 2.1% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1978 | $218.50B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.3 (world = 100) | 11.7% | 12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | +7.3 pp vs world | $229 | 163 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 8.5 / 100 | 10.2 (world = 100) | 2.3% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1979 | $263.71B | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 2.4 (world = 100) | 7.6% | 44 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 75.7 / 100 | +3.5 pp vs world | $272 | 161 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | 10.7 (world = 100) | 2.4% | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | -97.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1980 | $306.17B | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 2.5 (world = 100) | 7.8% | 37 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 79.7 / 100 | +5.9 pp vs world | $311 | 162 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.0 / 100 | 11.2 (world = 100) | 2.5% | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | -97.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1981 | $289.57B | 9 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 95.5 / 100 | 2.3 (world = 100) | 5.1% | 58 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 67.8 / 100 | +3.1 pp vs world | $290 | 164 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.9 / 100 | 10.4 (world = 100) | 2.3% | 9 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 95.5 / 100 | -97.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1982 | $283.93B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.3 (world = 100) | 9.0% | 14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | +8.6 pp vs world | $280 | 164 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.9 / 100 | 10.3 (world = 100) | 2.3% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1983 | $304.75B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.4 (world = 100) | 10.8% | 11 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 94.4 / 100 | +7.9 pp vs world | $296 | 162 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.0 / 100 | 10.8 (world = 100) | 2.4% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1984 | $313.72B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.4 (world = 100) | 15.2% | 4 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 98.3 / 100 | +10.5 pp vs world | $301 | 157 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 11.9 / 100 | 10.8 (world = 100) | 2.4% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1985 | $309.84B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.3 (world = 100) | 13.4% | 5 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 97.7 / 100 | +9.9 pp vs world | $292 | 158 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 11.3 / 100 | 10.4 (world = 100) | 2.3% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1986 | $300.52B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 1.9 (world = 100) | 8.9% | 18 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 90.4 / 100 | +5.8 pp vs world | $279 | 163 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 8.5 / 100 | 8.8 (world = 100) | 1.9% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -98.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1987 | $327.09B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 1.8 (world = 100) | 11.7% | 12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | +8.0 pp vs world | $298 | 161 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | 8.5 (world = 100) | 1.8% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -98.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1988 | $407.85B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.1 (world = 100) | 11.2% | 18 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 90.4 / 100 | +6.7 pp vs world | $366 | 157 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 11.9 / 100 | 9.5 (world = 100) | 2.1% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1989 | $456.29B | 8 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | 2.2 (world = 100) | 4.2% | 77 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 57.1 / 100 | +0.5 pp vs world | $402 | 154 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 14.0 / 100 | 10.1 (world = 100) | 2.2% | 8 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | -97.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1990 | $394.57B | 11 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 95.1 / 100 | 1.7 (world = 100) | 3.9% | 79 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 56.2 / 100 | +0.9 pp vs world | $342 | 184 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | 7.9 (world = 100) | 1.7% | 11 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 95.1 / 100 | -98.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1991 | $413.38B | 10 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 95.6 / 100 | 1.7 (world = 100) | 9.3% | 17 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 92.2 / 100 | +8.0 pp vs world | $353 | 184 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | 7.9 (world = 100) | 1.7% | 10 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 95.6 / 100 | -98.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1992 | $493.14B | 9 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | 1.9 (world = 100) | 14.2% | 8 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +12.2 pp vs world | $416 | 173 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 16.1 / 100 | 8.8 (world = 100) | 1.9% | 9 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | -98.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1993 | $619.12B | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | 2.3 (world = 100) | 13.9% | 5 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 98.0 / 100 | +12.2 pp vs world | $517 | 165 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 20.0 / 100 | 10.9 (world = 100) | 2.3% | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | -97.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1994 | $564.32B | 9 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | 2.0 (world = 100) | 13.0% | 4 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 98.5 / 100 | +9.8 pp vs world | $467 | 165 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 20.0 / 100 | 9.4 (world = 100) | 2.0% | 9 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | -98.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1995 | $734.48B | 8 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 2.3 (world = 100) | 11.0% | 13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 94.1 / 100 | +7.9 pp vs world | $602 | 159 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 22.9 / 100 | 11.1 (world = 100) | 2.3% | 8 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | -97.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1996 | $863.75B | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | 2.7 (world = 100) | 9.9% | 18 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 91.7 / 100 | +6.4 pp vs world | $702 | 157 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 23.9 / 100 | 12.8 (world = 100) | 2.7% | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | -97.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1997 | $961.60B | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | 3.0 (world = 100) | 9.2% | 19 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 91.2 / 100 | +5.3 pp vs world | $775 | 153 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 25.9 / 100 | 14.4 (world = 100) | 3.0% | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | -97.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1998 | $1.03T | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | 3.3 (world = 100) | 7.8% | 27 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 87.3 / 100 | +5.0 pp vs world | $823 | 148 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 28.3 / 100 | 15.6 (world = 100) | 3.3% | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | -96.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1999 | $1.09T | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | 3.3 (world = 100) | 7.7% | 30 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 85.9 / 100 | +4.1 pp vs world | $868 | 147 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 28.8 / 100 | 16.1 (world = 100) | 3.3% | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | -96.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2000 | $1.21T | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | 3.6 (world = 100) | 8.5% | 25 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 88.3 / 100 | +4.0 pp vs world | $954 | 143 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 30.7 / 100 | 17.4 (world = 100) | 3.6% | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | -96.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2001 | $1.34T | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | 4.0 (world = 100) | 8.3% | 18 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 91.7 / 100 | +6.2 pp vs world | $1,047 | 138 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 33.2 / 100 | 19.4 (world = 100) | 4.0% | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | -96.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2002 | $1.47T | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | 4.2 (world = 100) | 9.1% | 16 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | +6.9 pp vs world | $1,143 | 134 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 35.1 / 100 | 20.7 (world = 100) | 4.2% | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | -95.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2003 | $1.66T | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | 4.2 (world = 100) | 10.0% | 17 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 92.2 / 100 | +7.0 pp vs world | $1,283 | 133 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 35.6 / 100 | 20.9 (world = 100) | 4.2% | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | -95.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2004 | $1.96T | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | 4.4 (world = 100) | 10.1% | 24 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 88.8 / 100 | +5.7 pp vs world | $1,502 | 133 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 35.6 / 100 | 22.1 (world = 100) | 4.4% | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | -95.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2005 | $2.32T | 5 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | 4.8 (world = 100) | 11.4% | 15 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 93.2 / 100 | +7.4 pp vs world | $1,769 | 138 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 33.8 / 100 | 24.3 (world = 100) | 4.8% | 5 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | -95.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2006 | $2.79T | 4 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 98.6 / 100 | 5.4 (world = 100) | 12.7% | 18 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 91.8 / 100 | +8.2 pp vs world | $2,118 | 138 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 33.8 / 100 | 27.2 (world = 100) | 5.4% | 4 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 98.6 / 100 | -94.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2007 | $3.60T | 3 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | 6.1 (world = 100) | 14.1% | 11 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 95.2 / 100 | +9.8 pp vs world | $2,718 | 132 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 36.7 / 100 | 31.3 (world = 100) | 6.1% | 3 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | -93.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2008 | $4.67T | 3 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | 7.2 (world = 100) | 9.7% | 17 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 92.3 / 100 | +7.7 pp vs world | $3,499 | 129 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 38.8 / 100 | 37.2 (world = 100) | 7.2% | 3 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | -92.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2009 | $5.19T | 3 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | 8.5 (world = 100) | 9.4% | 14 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | +10.8 pp vs world | $3,866 | 122 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 42.1 / 100 | 43.8 (world = 100) | 8.5% | 3 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | -91.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2010 | $6.19T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 9.2 (world = 100) | 10.6% | 14 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | +6.2 pp vs world | $4,582 | 116 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 45.0 / 100 | 48.0 (world = 100) | 9.2% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -90.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2011 | $7.67T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 10.3 (world = 100) | 9.5% | 19 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 91.4 / 100 | +6.2 pp vs world | $5,640 | 113 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 46.4 / 100 | 53.8 (world = 100) | 10.3% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -89.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2012 | $8.67T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 11.4 (world = 100) | 7.9% | 29 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 86.6 / 100 | +5.1 pp vs world | $6,333 | 108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 48.8 / 100 | 59.9 (world = 100) | 11.4% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -88.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2013 | $9.74T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 12.4 (world = 100) | 7.8% | 27 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 87.6 / 100 | +5.0 pp vs world | $7,065 | 103 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 51.2 / 100 | 65.7 (world = 100) | 12.4% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -87.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2014 | $10.67T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 13.3 (world = 100) | 7.5% | 25 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 88.5 / 100 | +4.4 pp vs world | $7,691 | 99 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 53.1 / 100 | 70.6 (world = 100) | 13.3% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -86.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2015 | $11.28T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 14.8 (world = 100) | 7.0% | 28 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 87.1 / 100 | +3.8 pp vs world | $8,080 | 93 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 56.0 / 100 | 79.3 (world = 100) | 14.8% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -85.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2016 | $11.46T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 14.8 (world = 100) | 6.8% | 24 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 89.0 / 100 | +4.0 pp vs world | $8,159 | 90 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 57.4 / 100 | 79.7 (world = 100) | 14.8% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -85.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2017 | $12.54T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 15.2 (world = 100) | 6.9% | 24 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 89.0 / 100 | +3.5 pp vs world | $8,877 | 90 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 57.4 / 100 | 82.5 (world = 100) | 15.2% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -84.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2018 | $14.15T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 16.2 (world = 100) | 6.8% | 21 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 90.4 / 100 | +3.5 pp vs world | $9,970 | 87 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 58.9 / 100 | 88.2 (world = 100) | 16.2% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -83.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2019 | $14.56T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 16.4 (world = 100) | 6.1% | 32 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 85.2 / 100 | +3.5 pp vs world | $10,228 | 85 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 59.8 / 100 | 90.1 (world = 100) | 16.4% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -83.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2020 | $15.00T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 17.4 (world = 100) | 2.3% | 17 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 92.3 / 100 | +5.3 pp vs world | $10,516 | 78 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 63.2 / 100 | 95.9 (world = 100) | 17.4% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -82.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2021 | $18.20T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 18.4 (world = 100) | 8.6% | 44 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 79.4 / 100 | +2.1 pp vs world | $12,760 | 77 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 63.6 / 100 | 102.8 (world = 100) | 18.4% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -81.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2022 | $18.32T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 17.8 (world = 100) | 3.1% | 137 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 34.9 / 100 | -0.2 pp vs world | $12,852 | 84 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 60.3 / 100 | 100.4 (world = 100) | 17.8% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -82.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2023 | $18.27T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 17.0 (world = 100) | 5.4% | 39 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 81.8 / 100 | +2.5 pp vs world | $12,843 | 86 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 59.3 / 100 | 96.9 (world = 100) | 17.0% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -83.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2024 | $18.74T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 16.8 (world = 100) | 5.0% | 44 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 79.4 / 100 | +2.1 pp vs world | $13,206 | 89 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 57.9 / 100 | 96.6 (world = 100) | 16.8% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -83.2 pp vs world |
Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).
The long view
Real output, indexed to a shared starting year
Indexing allows the country and benchmark trajectories to be compared without confusing their very different economic sizes.
02 · Economic size and world position
How large is the economy, and where does it sit globally?
Nominal scale, real volume and share of world output provide three distinct views of economic size.
Full historical record
Nominal GDP
Nominal scale, real volume and share of world output provide three distinct views of economic size.
China (mainland) is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.
$92.60B → $394.57B
Compound annual change: +7.5% CAGR$394.57B → $6.19T
Compound annual change: +14.8% CAGR$6.19T → $18.74T
Compound annual change: +8.2% CAGREconomic size and world position: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows
Annual non-duplicative measures used in the economic size and world position section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.
Showing 55 of 55 rows
| China (mainland) | 1970 | $92.60B | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 2.7 (world = 100) | $237.53B | 14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | 1.2 (world = 100) | 2.7% | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | -97.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1971 | $99.80B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.6 (world = 100) | $254.16B | 14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | 1.3 (world = 100) | 2.6% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1972 | $113.69B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.6 (world = 100) | $263.82B | 14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | 1.3 (world = 100) | 2.6% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1973 | $138.54B | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 2.6 (world = 100) | $284.66B | 14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | 1.3 (world = 100) | 2.6% | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | -97.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1974 | $144.19B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.4 (world = 100) | $291.21B | 14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | 1.3 (world = 100) | 2.4% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1975 | $163.43B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.4 (world = 100) | $316.54B | 14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | 1.4 (world = 100) | 2.4% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1976 | $153.94B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.1 (world = 100) | $311.48B | 14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | 1.3 (world = 100) | 2.1% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1977 | $174.94B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.1 (world = 100) | $335.15B | 14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | 1.3 (world = 100) | 2.1% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1978 | $218.50B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.3 (world = 100) | $374.36B | 13 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 93.2 / 100 | 1.4 (world = 100) | 2.3% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1979 | $263.71B | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 2.4 (world = 100) | $402.79B | 13 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 93.2 / 100 | 1.5 (world = 100) | 2.4% | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | -97.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1980 | $306.17B | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 2.5 (world = 100) | $434.34B | 12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | 1.6 (world = 100) | 2.5% | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | -97.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1981 | $289.57B | 9 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 95.5 / 100 | 2.3 (world = 100) | $456.54B | 11 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 94.4 / 100 | 1.6 (world = 100) | 2.3% | 9 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 95.5 / 100 | -97.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1982 | $283.93B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.3 (world = 100) | $497.71B | 11 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 94.4 / 100 | 1.7 (world = 100) | 2.3% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1983 | $304.75B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.4 (world = 100) | $551.31B | 10 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 94.9 / 100 | 1.9 (world = 100) | 2.4% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1984 | $313.72B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.4 (world = 100) | $635.07B | 9 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 95.5 / 100 | 2.1 (world = 100) | 2.4% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1985 | $309.84B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.3 (world = 100) | $720.37B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.3 (world = 100) | 2.3% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1986 | $300.52B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 1.9 (world = 100) | $784.83B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.4 (world = 100) | 1.9% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -98.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1987 | $327.09B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 1.8 (world = 100) | $876.33B | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 2.6 (world = 100) | 1.8% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -98.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1988 | $407.85B | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | 2.1 (world = 100) | $974.67B | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 2.7 (world = 100) | 2.1% | 8 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | -97.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1989 | $456.29B | 8 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | 2.2 (world = 100) | $1.02T | 7 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 2.7 (world = 100) | 2.2% | 8 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | -97.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1990 | $394.57B | 11 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 95.1 / 100 | 1.7 (world = 100) | $1.06T | 8 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 2.8 (world = 100) | 1.7% | 11 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 95.1 / 100 | -98.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1991 | $413.38B | 10 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 95.6 / 100 | 1.7 (world = 100) | $1.15T | 8 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 3.0 (world = 100) | 1.7% | 10 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 95.6 / 100 | -98.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1992 | $493.14B | 9 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | 1.9 (world = 100) | $1.32T | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | 3.3 (world = 100) | 1.9% | 9 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | -98.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1993 | $619.12B | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | 2.3 (world = 100) | $1.50T | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | 3.7 (world = 100) | 2.3% | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | -97.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1994 | $564.32B | 9 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | 2.0 (world = 100) | $1.70T | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | 4.1 (world = 100) | 2.0% | 9 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | -98.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1995 | $734.48B | 8 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | 2.3 (world = 100) | $1.88T | 5 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 98.0 / 100 | 4.4 (world = 100) | 2.3% | 8 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | -97.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1996 | $863.75B | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | 2.7 (world = 100) | $2.07T | 4 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 98.5 / 100 | 4.7 (world = 100) | 2.7% | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | -97.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1997 | $961.60B | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | 3.0 (world = 100) | $2.26T | 4 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 98.5 / 100 | 4.9 (world = 100) | 3.0% | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | -97.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1998 | $1.03T | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | 3.3 (world = 100) | $2.44T | 4 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 98.5 / 100 | 5.2 (world = 100) | 3.3% | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | -96.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1999 | $1.09T | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | 3.3 (world = 100) | $2.62T | 4 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 98.5 / 100 | 5.4 (world = 100) | 3.3% | 7 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | -96.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2000 | $1.21T | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | 3.6 (world = 100) | $2.85T | 4 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 98.5 / 100 | 5.6 (world = 100) | 3.6% | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | -96.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2001 | $1.34T | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | 4.0 (world = 100) | $3.08T | 4 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 98.5 / 100 | 5.9 (world = 100) | 4.0% | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | -96.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2002 | $1.47T | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | 4.2 (world = 100) | $3.36T | 3 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | 6.3 (world = 100) | 4.2% | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | -95.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2003 | $1.66T | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | 4.2 (world = 100) | $3.70T | 3 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | 6.7 (world = 100) | 4.2% | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | -95.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2004 | $1.96T | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | 4.4 (world = 100) | $4.08T | 3 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | 7.1 (world = 100) | 4.4% | 6 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | -95.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2005 | $2.32T | 5 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | 4.8 (world = 100) | $4.54T | 3 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | 7.6 (world = 100) | 4.8% | 5 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | -95.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2006 | $2.79T | 4 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 98.6 / 100 | 5.4 (world = 100) | $5.12T | 2 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 8.2 (world = 100) | 5.4% | 4 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 98.6 / 100 | -94.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2007 | $3.60T | 3 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | 6.1 (world = 100) | $5.84T | 2 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 9.0 (world = 100) | 6.1% | 3 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | -93.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2008 | $4.67T | 3 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | 7.2 (world = 100) | $6.41T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 9.7 (world = 100) | 7.2% | 3 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | -92.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2009 | $5.19T | 3 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | 8.5 (world = 100) | $7.01T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 10.7 (world = 100) | 8.5% | 3 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | -91.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2010 | $6.19T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 9.2 (world = 100) | $7.75T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 11.4 (world = 100) | 9.2% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -90.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2011 | $7.67T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 10.3 (world = 100) | $8.48T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 12.0 (world = 100) | 10.3% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -89.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2012 | $8.67T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 11.4 (world = 100) | $9.15T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 12.6 (world = 100) | 11.4% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -88.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2013 | $9.74T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 12.4 (world = 100) | $9.86T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 13.3 (world = 100) | 12.4% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -87.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2014 | $10.67T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 13.3 (world = 100) | $10.60T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 13.8 (world = 100) | 13.3% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -86.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2015 | $11.28T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 14.8 (world = 100) | $11.34T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 14.3 (world = 100) | 14.8% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -85.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2016 | $11.46T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 14.8 (world = 100) | $12.11T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 14.9 (world = 100) | 14.8% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -85.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2017 | $12.54T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 15.2 (world = 100) | $12.94T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 15.4 (world = 100) | 15.2% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -84.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2018 | $14.15T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 16.2 (world = 100) | $13.82T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 15.9 (world = 100) | 16.2% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -83.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2019 | $14.56T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 16.4 (world = 100) | $14.65T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 16.5 (world = 100) | 16.4% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -83.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2020 | $15.00T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 17.4 (world = 100) | $15.00T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 17.4 (world = 100) | 17.4% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -82.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2021 | $18.20T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 18.4 (world = 100) | $16.28T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 17.7 (world = 100) | 18.4% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -81.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2022 | $18.32T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 17.8 (world = 100) | $16.79T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 17.7 (world = 100) | 17.8% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -82.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2023 | $18.27T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 17.0 (world = 100) | $17.70T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 18.1 (world = 100) | 17.0% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -83.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2024 | $18.74T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 16.8 (world = 100) | $18.58T | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | 18.5 (world = 100) | 16.8% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -83.2 pp vs world |
Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).
Interpretation note
Current U.S.-dollar GDP reflects domestic prices and exchange rates as well as production. It is not PPP adjusted.
Latest common comparison
Asia$40.60T2024
Eastern Asia$25.94T2024
World$111.57T2024
03 · Output and income per person
What does the record show per person?
Current and constant-price per-person measures separate present-dollar scale from real change.
Full historical record
GDP per person
Current and constant-price per-person measures separate present-dollar scale from real change.
China (mainland) is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.
$112 → $342
Compound annual change: +5.7% CAGR$342 → $4,582
Compound annual change: +13.9% CAGR$4,582 → $13,206
Compound annual change: +7.9% CAGROutput and income per person: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows
Annual non-duplicative measures used in the output and income per person section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.
Showing 55 of 55 rows
| China (mainland) | 1970 | $112 | 162 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.0 / 100 | 12.1 (world = 100) | $289 | 173 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 2.8 / 100 | 5.6 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1971 | $118 | 161 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | 11.8 (world = 100) | $301 | 171 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.0 / 100 | 5.7 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1972 | $132 | 159 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | 11.7 (world = 100) | $305 | 174 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 2.3 / 100 | 5.6 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1973 | $157 | 159 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | 11.6 (world = 100) | $323 | 171 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.0 / 100 | 5.6 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1974 | $160 | 163 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 8.5 / 100 | 10.7 (world = 100) | $323 | 172 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 3.4 / 100 | 5.6 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1975 | $178 | 163 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 8.5 / 100 | 10.8 (world = 100) | $346 | 168 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 5.6 / 100 | 6.1 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1976 | $165 | 165 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.3 / 100 | 9.5 (world = 100) | $335 | 171 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.0 / 100 | 5.7 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1977 | $185 | 164 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.9 / 100 | 9.6 (world = 100) | $355 | 170 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.5 / 100 | 5.9 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1978 | $229 | 163 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 8.5 / 100 | 10.2 (world = 100) | $392 | 168 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 5.6 / 100 | 6.4 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1979 | $272 | 161 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | 10.7 (world = 100) | $416 | 166 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 6.8 / 100 | 6.6 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1980 | $311 | 162 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.0 / 100 | 11.2 (world = 100) | $442 | 164 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.9 / 100 | 7.0 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1981 | $290 | 164 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.9 / 100 | 10.4 (world = 100) | $458 | 163 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 8.5 / 100 | 7.3 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1982 | $280 | 164 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.9 / 100 | 10.3 (world = 100) | $491 | 162 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.0 / 100 | 7.9 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1983 | $296 | 162 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.0 / 100 | 10.8 (world = 100) | $536 | 160 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 10.2 / 100 | 8.5 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1984 | $301 | 157 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 11.9 / 100 | 10.8 (world = 100) | $608 | 153 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 14.1 / 100 | 9.4 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1985 | $292 | 158 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 11.3 / 100 | 10.4 (world = 100) | $680 | 152 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 14.7 / 100 | 10.4 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1986 | $279 | 163 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 8.5 / 100 | 8.8 (world = 100) | $729 | 150 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 15.8 / 100 | 11.0 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1987 | $298 | 161 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | 8.5 (world = 100) | $799 | 148 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 16.9 / 100 | 11.8 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1988 | $366 | 157 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 11.9 / 100 | 9.5 (world = 100) | $874 | 147 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 17.5 / 100 | 12.6 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1989 | $402 | 154 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 14.0 / 100 | 10.1 (world = 100) | $896 | 147 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 18.0 / 100 | 12.7 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1990 | $342 | 184 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | 7.9 (world = 100) | $915 | 168 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 18.5 / 100 | 12.8 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1991 | $353 | 184 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | 7.9 (world = 100) | $985 | 165 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 20.0 / 100 | 13.8 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1992 | $416 | 173 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 16.1 / 100 | 8.8 (world = 100) | $1,112 | 160 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 22.4 / 100 | 15.5 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1993 | $517 | 165 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 20.0 / 100 | 10.9 (world = 100) | $1,253 | 154 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 25.4 / 100 | 17.5 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1994 | $467 | 165 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 20.0 / 100 | 9.4 (world = 100) | $1,403 | 148 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 28.3 / 100 | 19.2 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1995 | $602 | 159 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 22.9 / 100 | 11.1 (world = 100) | $1,542 | 143 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 30.7 / 100 | 20.8 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1996 | $702 | 157 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 23.9 / 100 | 12.8 (world = 100) | $1,680 | 142 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 31.2 / 100 | 22.2 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1997 | $775 | 153 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 25.9 / 100 | 14.4 (world = 100) | $1,820 | 139 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 32.7 / 100 | 23.5 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1998 | $823 | 148 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 28.3 / 100 | 15.6 (world = 100) | $1,948 | 137 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 33.7 / 100 | 24.8 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 1999 | $868 | 147 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 28.8 / 100 | 16.1 (world = 100) | $2,082 | 136 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 34.1 / 100 | 25.9 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2000 | $954 | 143 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 30.7 / 100 | 17.4 (world = 100) | $2,242 | 133 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 35.6 / 100 | 27.1 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2001 | $1,047 | 138 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 33.2 / 100 | 19.4 (world = 100) | $2,411 | 131 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 36.6 / 100 | 28.9 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2002 | $1,143 | 134 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 35.1 / 100 | 20.7 (world = 100) | $2,615 | 129 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 37.6 / 100 | 31.1 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2003 | $1,283 | 133 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 35.6 / 100 | 20.9 (world = 100) | $2,860 | 127 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 38.5 / 100 | 33.5 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2004 | $1,502 | 133 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 35.6 / 100 | 22.1 (world = 100) | $3,131 | 126 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 39.0 / 100 | 35.5 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2005 | $1,769 | 138 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 33.8 / 100 | 24.3 (world = 100) | $3,467 | 122 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 41.5 / 100 | 38.3 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2006 | $2,118 | 138 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 33.8 / 100 | 27.2 (world = 100) | $3,882 | 117 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 44.0 / 100 | 41.6 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2007 | $2,718 | 132 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 36.7 / 100 | 31.3 (world = 100) | $4,406 | 112 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 46.4 / 100 | 45.8 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2008 | $3,499 | 129 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 38.8 / 100 | 37.2 (world = 100) | $4,803 | 112 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 46.9 / 100 | 49.6 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2009 | $3,866 | 122 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 42.1 / 100 | 43.8 (world = 100) | $5,220 | 106 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 49.8 / 100 | 55.4 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2010 | $4,582 | 116 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 45.0 / 100 | 48.0 (world = 100) | $5,735 | 105 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 50.2 / 100 | 59.0 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2011 | $5,640 | 113 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 46.4 / 100 | 53.8 (world = 100) | $6,237 | 102 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 51.7 / 100 | 63.0 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2012 | $6,333 | 108 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 48.8 / 100 | 59.9 (world = 100) | $6,682 | 100 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 52.6 / 100 | 66.5 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2013 | $7,065 | 103 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 51.2 / 100 | 65.7 (world = 100) | $7,152 | 99 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 53.1 / 100 | 70.1 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2014 | $7,691 | 99 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 53.1 / 100 | 70.6 (world = 100) | $7,636 | 95 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 55.0 / 100 | 73.5 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2015 | $8,080 | 93 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 56.0 / 100 | 79.3 (world = 100) | $8,121 | 94 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 55.5 / 100 | 76.7 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2016 | $8,159 | 90 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 57.4 / 100 | 79.7 (world = 100) | $8,623 | 91 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 56.9 / 100 | 80.2 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2017 | $8,877 | 90 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 57.4 / 100 | 82.5 (world = 100) | $9,163 | 89 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 57.9 / 100 | 83.3 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2018 | $9,970 | 87 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 58.9 / 100 | 88.2 (world = 100) | $9,736 | 89 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 57.9 / 100 | 86.7 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2019 | $10,228 | 85 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 59.8 / 100 | 90.1 (world = 100) | $10,294 | 87 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 58.9 / 100 | 90.3 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2020 | $10,516 | 78 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 63.2 / 100 | 95.9 (world = 100) | $10,516 | 78 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 63.2 / 100 | 95.9 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2021 | $12,760 | 77 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 63.6 / 100 | 102.8 (world = 100) | $11,414 | 77 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 63.6 / 100 | 98.7 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2022 | $12,852 | 84 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 60.3 / 100 | 100.4 (world = 100) | $11,782 | 79 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 62.7 / 100 | 99.4 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2023 | $12,843 | 86 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 59.3 / 100 | 96.9 (world = 100) | $12,443 | 79 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 62.7 / 100 | 102.9 (world = 100) |
| China (mainland) | 2024 | $13,206 | 89 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 57.9 / 100 | 96.6 (world = 100) | $13,092 | 78 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 63.2 / 100 | 106.2 (world = 100) |
Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).
Interpretation note
GDP per person is an accounting average, not a measure of household income distribution or living costs.
Latest common comparison
Asia$8,4482024
Eastern Asia$15,6702024
World$13,6732024
04 · Real growth and output prices
How quickly has real activity changed, and how have output prices moved?
Real GDP growth, per-person growth and the implicit deflator answer different questions.
Full historical record
Real GDP growth
Real GDP growth, per-person growth and the implicit deflator answer different questions.
China (mainland) is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.
7.0% → 3.9%
Average annual rate: +7.8%3.9% → 10.6%
Average annual rate: +10.2%10.6% → 5.0%
Average annual rate: +6.7%Real growth and output prices: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows
Annual non-duplicative measures used in the real growth and output prices section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.
Showing 55 of 55 rows
| China (mainland) | 1970 | Source observation unavailable | Not calculable without a source observation | Not calculable without a source observation | Comparable world observation unavailable | Source observation unavailable | Not calculable without a source observation | Not calculable without a source observation | Comparable world observation unavailable | 13.9 | 34 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 81.4 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1971 | 7.0% | 47 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 74.0 / 100 | +2.8 pp vs world | 4.4% | 52 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 71.2 / 100 | +2.2 pp vs world | 14.0 | 37 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 79.7 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1972 | 3.8% | 105 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 41.2 / 100 | -1.6 pp vs world | 1.4% | 105 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 41.2 / 100 | -1.9 pp vs world | 14.0 | 37 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 79.7 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1973 | 7.9% | 47 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 74.0 / 100 | +1.5 pp vs world | 5.6% | 56 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 68.9 / 100 | +1.2 pp vs world | 14.0 | 45 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 75.1 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1974 | 2.3% | 138 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 22.6 / 100 | +0.2 pp vs world | 0.3% | 132 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 26.0 / 100 | +0.1 pp vs world | 14.1 | 59 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 67.2 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1975 | 8.7% | 23 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 87.6 / 100 | +7.9 pp vs world | 6.8% | 21 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 88.7 / 100 | +7.8 pp vs world | 13.9 | 68 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 62.1 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1976 | -1.6% | 165 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.3 / 100 | -6.8 pp vs world | -3.1% | 161 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | -6.4 pp vs world | 13.9 | 77 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 57.1 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1977 | 7.6% | 53 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 70.6 / 100 | +3.5 pp vs world | 6.1% | 42 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 76.8 / 100 | +3.8 pp vs world | 14.1 | 82 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 54.2 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1978 | 11.7% | 12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | +7.3 pp vs world | 10.2% | 11 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 94.4 / 100 | +7.6 pp vs world | 14.2 | 87 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 51.4 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1979 | 7.6% | 44 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 75.7 / 100 | +3.5 pp vs world | 6.1% | 43 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 76.3 / 100 | +3.9 pp vs world | 14.8 | 92 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 48.6 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1980 | 7.8% | 37 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 79.7 / 100 | +5.9 pp vs world | 6.3% | 29 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 84.2 / 100 | +6.2 pp vs world | 15.3 | 93 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 48.0 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1981 | 5.1% | 58 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 67.8 / 100 | +3.1 pp vs world | 3.6% | 51 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 71.8 / 100 | +3.4 pp vs world | 15.7 | 93 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 48.0 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1982 | 9.0% | 14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | +8.6 pp vs world | 7.3% | 10 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 94.9 / 100 | +8.7 pp vs world | 15.6 | 94 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 47.5 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1983 | 10.8% | 11 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 94.4 / 100 | +7.9 pp vs world | 9.1% | 7 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +8.1 pp vs world | 15.8 | 94 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 47.5 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1984 | 15.2% | 4 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 98.3 / 100 | +10.5 pp vs world | 13.6% | 4 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 98.3 / 100 | +10.7 pp vs world | 16.6 | 97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 45.8 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1985 | 13.4% | 5 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 97.7 / 100 | +9.9 pp vs world | 11.7% | 4 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 98.3 / 100 | +10.0 pp vs world | 18.3 | 95 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 46.9 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1986 | 8.9% | 18 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 90.4 / 100 | +5.8 pp vs world | 7.2% | 20 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 89.3 / 100 | +5.9 pp vs world | 19.2 | 95 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 46.9 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1987 | 11.7% | 12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | +8.0 pp vs world | 9.7% | 13 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 93.2 / 100 | +8.0 pp vs world | 20.1 | 96 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 46.3 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1988 | 11.2% | 18 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 90.4 / 100 | +6.7 pp vs world | 9.3% | 18 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 90.4 / 100 | +6.7 pp vs world | 22.6 | 97 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 45.8 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1989 | 4.2% | 77 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 57.1 / 100 | +0.5 pp vs world | 2.5% | 76 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 57.6 / 100 | +0.6 pp vs world | 24.5 | 98 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 45.5 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1990 | 3.9% | 79 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 56.2 / 100 | +0.9 pp vs world | 2.2% | 77 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 57.3 / 100 | +0.9 pp vs world | 25.9 | 103 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 50.2 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1991 | 9.3% | 17 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 92.2 / 100 | +8.0 pp vs world | 7.7% | 12 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 94.6 / 100 | +8.1 pp vs world | 27.7 | 105 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 49.3 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1992 | 14.2% | 8 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +12.2 pp vs world | 12.9% | 8 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +12.5 pp vs world | 29.9 | 103 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 50.2 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1993 | 13.9% | 5 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 98.0 / 100 | +12.2 pp vs world | 12.7% | 5 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 98.0 / 100 | +12.5 pp vs world | 34.5 | 97 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 53.2 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1994 | 13.0% | 4 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 98.5 / 100 | +9.8 pp vs world | 11.9% | 5 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 98.0 / 100 | +10.2 pp vs world | 41.6 | 100 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 51.7 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1995 | 11.0% | 13 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 94.1 / 100 | +7.9 pp vs world | 9.9% | 12 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 94.6 / 100 | +8.3 pp vs world | 47.2 | 91 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 56.1 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1996 | 9.9% | 18 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 91.7 / 100 | +6.4 pp vs world | 9.0% | 11 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 95.1 / 100 | +6.9 pp vs world | 50.3 | 88 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 57.6 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1997 | 9.2% | 19 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 91.2 / 100 | +5.3 pp vs world | 8.3% | 19 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 91.2 / 100 | +5.9 pp vs world | 51.1 | 92 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 55.6 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1998 | 7.8% | 27 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 87.3 / 100 | +5.0 pp vs world | 7.0% | 25 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 88.3 / 100 | +5.6 pp vs world | 50.7 | 93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 55.1 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 1999 | 7.7% | 30 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 85.9 / 100 | +4.1 pp vs world | 6.9% | 22 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 89.8 / 100 | +4.7 pp vs world | 50.0 | 102 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 50.7 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2000 | 8.5% | 25 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 88.3 / 100 | +4.0 pp vs world | 7.7% | 19 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 91.2 / 100 | +4.6 pp vs world | 51.1 | 108 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 47.8 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2001 | 8.3% | 18 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 91.7 / 100 | +6.2 pp vs world | 7.6% | 19 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 91.2 / 100 | +6.8 pp vs world | 52.1 | 107 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 48.3 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2002 | 9.1% | 16 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | +6.9 pp vs world | 8.4% | 16 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | +7.6 pp vs world | 52.4 | 109 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 47.3 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2003 | 10.0% | 17 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 92.2 / 100 | +7.0 pp vs world | 9.4% | 15 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 93.2 / 100 | +7.7 pp vs world | 53.8 | 110 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 46.8 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2004 | 10.1% | 24 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 88.8 / 100 | +5.7 pp vs world | 9.5% | 20 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 90.7 / 100 | +6.4 pp vs world | 57.5 | 108 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 47.8 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2005 | 11.4% | 15 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 93.2 / 100 | +7.4 pp vs world | 10.7% | 10 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 95.6 / 100 | +8.1 pp vs world | 60.6 | 113 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 45.9 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2006 | 12.7% | 18 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 91.8 / 100 | +8.2 pp vs world | 12.0% | 12 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 94.7 / 100 | +8.9 pp vs world | 63.0 | 112 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 46.4 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2007 | 14.1% | 11 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 95.2 / 100 | +9.8 pp vs world | 13.5% | 10 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 95.7 / 100 | +10.5 pp vs world | 68.0 | 109 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 47.8 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2008 | 9.7% | 17 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 92.3 / 100 | +7.7 pp vs world | 9.0% | 9 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | +8.3 pp vs world | 73.4 | 109 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 48.3 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2009 | 9.4% | 14 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | +10.8 pp vs world | 8.7% | 9 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 96.2 / 100 | +11.4 pp vs world | 73.3 | 115 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 45.5 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2010 | 10.6% | 14 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | +6.2 pp vs world | 9.9% | 9 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 96.2 / 100 | +6.7 pp vs world | 78.4 | 105 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 50.2 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2011 | 9.5% | 19 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 91.4 / 100 | +6.2 pp vs world | 8.8% | 12 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 94.7 / 100 | +6.8 pp vs world | 84.7 | 94 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 55.5 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2012 | 7.9% | 29 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 86.6 / 100 | +5.1 pp vs world | 7.1% | 20 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 90.9 / 100 | +5.7 pp vs world | 86.7 | 92 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 56.5 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2013 | 7.8% | 27 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 87.6 / 100 | +5.0 pp vs world | 7.0% | 15 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 93.3 / 100 | +5.5 pp vs world | 88.7 | 94 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 55.5 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2014 | 7.5% | 25 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 88.5 / 100 | +4.4 pp vs world | 6.8% | 15 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 93.3 / 100 | +5.0 pp vs world | 89.7 | 101 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 52.2 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2015 | 7.0% | 28 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 87.1 / 100 | +3.8 pp vs world | 6.4% | 20 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 90.9 / 100 | +4.4 pp vs world | 89.8 | 112 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 46.9 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2016 | 6.8% | 24 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 89.0 / 100 | +4.0 pp vs world | 6.2% | 19 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 91.4 / 100 | +4.6 pp vs world | 91.1 | 118 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 44.0 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2017 | 6.9% | 24 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 89.0 / 100 | +3.5 pp vs world | 6.3% | 14 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | +4.0 pp vs world | 94.9 | 88 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 58.4 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2018 | 6.8% | 21 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 90.4 / 100 | +3.5 pp vs world | 6.3% | 13 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 94.3 / 100 | +4.1 pp vs world | 98.2 | 66 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 68.9 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2019 | 6.1% | 32 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 85.2 / 100 | +3.5 pp vs world | 5.7% | 19 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 91.4 / 100 | +4.2 pp vs world | 99.5 | 63 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 70.3 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2020 | 2.3% | 17 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 92.3 / 100 | +5.3 pp vs world | 2.2% | 9 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 96.2 / 100 | +6.0 pp vs world | 100.0 | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2021 | 8.6% | 44 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 79.4 / 100 | +2.1 pp vs world | 8.5% | 42 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 80.4 / 100 | +3.0 pp vs world | 104.5 | 109 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 48.3 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2022 | 3.1% | 137 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 34.9 / 100 | -0.2 pp vs world | 3.2% | 99 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 53.1 / 100 | +0.8 pp vs world | 106.5 | 165 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 21.5 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2023 | 5.4% | 39 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 81.8 / 100 | +2.5 pp vs world | 5.6% | 21 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 90.4 / 100 | +3.6 pp vs world | 106.0 | 195 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 7.2 / 100 |
| China (mainland) | 2024 | 5.0% | 44 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 79.4 / 100 | +2.1 pp vs world | 5.2% | 20 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 90.9 / 100 | +3.3 pp vs world | 105.2 | 204 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 2.9 / 100 |
Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).
Interpretation note
The implicit GDP deflator covers domestically produced output and is not a consumer price index. Annual growth can be volatile.
Latest common comparison
Asia3.9%2024
Eastern Asia3.7%2024
World2.8%2024
05 · Consumption and domestic demand
How is output used for consumption and domestic demand?
Household and government consumption sit inside final consumption; domestic demand also includes capital formation.
Full historical record
Final Consumption
Household and government consumption sit inside final consumption; domestic demand also includes capital formation.
China (mainland) is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.
63.9% → 63.6%
Percentage-point change: -0.3 pp63.6% → 49.4%
Percentage-point change: -14.2 pp49.4% → 56.6%
Percentage-point change: +7.1 ppConsumption and domestic demand: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows
Annual non-duplicative measures used in the consumption and domestic demand section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.
Showing 55 of 55 rows
| China (mainland) | 1970 | 63.9% | 159 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | -8.8 pp vs world | 52.9% | 146 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 17.6 / 100 | -4.1 pp vs world | 10.9% | 125 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 29.5 / 100 | -4.6 pp vs world | 97.4% | 139 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 21.6 / 100 | -3.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1971 | 63.2% | 161 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | -9.8 pp vs world | 51.4% | 152 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 14.2 / 100 | -5.6 pp vs world | 11.8% | 121 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 31.8 / 100 | -4.1 pp vs world | 97.5% | 142 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 19.9 / 100 | -3.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1972 | 64.3% | 159 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | -8.6 pp vs world | 52.3% | 147 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 17.0 / 100 | -4.5 pp vs world | 12.0% | 116 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 34.7 / 100 | -3.9 pp vs world | 96.2% | 146 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 17.6 / 100 | -4.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1973 | 63.4% | 160 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 10.2 / 100 | -8.2 pp vs world | 52.0% | 144 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 18.8 / 100 | -3.9 pp vs world | 11.5% | 124 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 30.1 / 100 | -4.2 pp vs world | 97.1% | 132 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 25.6 / 100 | -3.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1974 | 63.9% | 154 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 13.6 / 100 | -7.9 pp vs world | 51.9% | 140 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 21.0 / 100 | -3.8 pp vs world | 12.0% | 113 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 36.4 / 100 | -3.9 pp vs world | 97.8% | 127 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 28.4 / 100 | -2.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1975 | 62.0% | 161 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | -11.7 pp vs world | 50.3% | 148 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 16.5 / 100 | -6.3 pp vs world | 11.7% | 126 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 29.0 / 100 | -5.2 pp vs world | 97.8% | 143 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 19.3 / 100 | -2.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1976 | 65.8% | 152 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 14.7 / 100 | -7.1 pp vs world | 53.2% | 138 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 22.2 / 100 | -3.0 pp vs world | 12.7% | 117 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 34.1 / 100 | -4.0 pp vs world | 99.8% | 131 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 26.1 / 100 | -1.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1977 | 63.2% | 162 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.0 / 100 | -9.7 pp vs world | 50.7% | 149 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 15.9 / 100 | -5.5 pp vs world | 12.5% | 117 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 34.1 / 100 | -4.1 pp vs world | 97.9% | 140 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 21.0 / 100 | -3.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1978 | 60.7% | 166 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 6.8 / 100 | -11.9 pp vs world | 47.8% | 159 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 10.2 / 100 | -8.1 pp vs world | 12.9% | 119 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 33.0 / 100 | -3.7 pp vs world | 99.1% | 132 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 25.6 / 100 | -2.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1979 | 62.9% | 162 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.0 / 100 | -9.7 pp vs world | 49.1% | 153 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 13.6 / 100 | -6.9 pp vs world | 13.8% | 112 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 36.9 / 100 | -2.7 pp vs world | 99.9% | 122 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 31.3 / 100 | -1.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1980 | 64.7% | 156 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 12.4 / 100 | -8.5 pp vs world | 50.9% | 148 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 16.5 / 100 | -5.5 pp vs world | 13.7% | 113 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 36.4 / 100 | -2.9 pp vs world | 100.1% | 135 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 23.9 / 100 | -1.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1981 | 66.4% | 156 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 12.4 / 100 | -7.0 pp vs world | 53.2% | 145 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 18.2 / 100 | -3.4 pp vs world | 13.2% | 121 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 31.8 / 100 | -3.6 pp vs world | 100.1% | 135 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 23.9 / 100 | -0.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1982 | 66.5% | 161 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | -8.1 pp vs world | 53.4% | 147 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 17.0 / 100 | -4.0 pp vs world | 13.2% | 124 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 30.1 / 100 | -4.0 pp vs world | 99.3% | 137 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 22.7 / 100 | -1.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1983 | 67.4% | 156 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 12.4 / 100 | -7.6 pp vs world | 53.5% | 145 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 18.2 / 100 | -4.4 pp vs world | 13.9% | 118 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 33.5 / 100 | -3.1 pp vs world | 100.1% | 121 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 31.8 / 100 | -0.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1984 | 65.7% | 156 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 12.4 / 100 | -8.6 pp vs world | 50.7% | 149 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 15.9 / 100 | -7.0 pp vs world | 15.0% | 106 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 40.3 / 100 | -1.6 pp vs world | 100.9% | 107 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 39.8 / 100 | +0.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1985 | 65.0% | 159 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | -9.8 pp vs world | 50.9% | 147 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 17.0 / 100 | -7.3 pp vs world | 14.2% | 109 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 38.6 / 100 | -2.5 pp vs world | 104.9% | 77 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 56.8 / 100 | +4.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1986 | 64.8% | 166 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 6.8 / 100 | -10.4 pp vs world | 51.0% | 150 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 15.3 / 100 | -7.2 pp vs world | 13.8% | 113 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 36.4 / 100 | -3.1 pp vs world | 103.4% | 82 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 54.0 / 100 | +2.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1987 | 62.7% | 166 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 6.8 / 100 | -12.3 pp vs world | 49.7% | 153 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 13.6 / 100 | -8.4 pp vs world | 13.1% | 117 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 34.1 / 100 | -3.8 pp vs world | 100.9% | 99 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 44.3 / 100 | +0.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1988 | 62.1% | 166 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 6.8 / 100 | -12.3 pp vs world | 49.6% | 152 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 14.2 / 100 | -8.2 pp vs world | 12.5% | 126 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 29.0 / 100 | -4.1 pp vs world | 102.0% | 94 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 47.2 / 100 | +1.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1989 | 64.2% | 158 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 11.8 / 100 | -9.9 pp vs world | 51.1% | 144 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 19.2 / 100 | -6.6 pp vs world | 13.1% | 114 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 36.2 / 100 | -3.2 pp vs world | 102.1% | 94 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 47.5 / 100 | +1.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1990 | 63.6% | 183 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 11.2 / 100 | -11.2 pp vs world | 50.0% | 171 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 16.7 / 100 | -8.1 pp vs world | 13.6% | 130 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 36.8 / 100 | -3.0 pp vs world | 98.3% | 141 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 31.4 / 100 | -2.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1991 | 61.9% | 190 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 7.8 / 100 | -13.2 pp vs world | 47.9% | 179 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 12.7 / 100 | -10.2 pp vs world | 13.9% | 129 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 37.3 / 100 | -2.9 pp vs world | 97.7% | 150 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 27.0 / 100 | -2.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1992 | 59.7% | 194 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 5.9 / 100 | -15.6 pp vs world | 45.3% | 189 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 7.8 / 100 | -13.1 pp vs world | 14.4% | 121 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 41.2 / 100 | -2.5 pp vs world | 99.5% | 136 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 33.8 / 100 | -0.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1993 | 58.3% | 198 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 3.9 / 100 | -17.2 pp vs world | 44.0% | 186 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 9.3 / 100 | -14.8 pp vs world | 14.3% | 124 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 39.7 / 100 | -2.4 pp vs world | 102.5% | 112 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 45.6 / 100 | +2.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1994 | 58.1% | 195 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 5.4 / 100 | -17.4 pp vs world | 44.1% | 187 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 8.8 / 100 | -14.9 pp vs world | 14.0% | 122 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 40.7 / 100 | -2.5 pp vs world | 99.1% | 134 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 34.8 / 100 | -0.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1995 | 59.0% | 200 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 2.9 / 100 | -15.9 pp vs world | 45.8% | 190 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 7.4 / 100 | -12.7 pp vs world | 13.2% | 129 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 37.3 / 100 | -3.1 pp vs world | 98.7% | 146 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 28.9 / 100 | -0.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1996 | 60.0% | 194 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 5.9 / 100 | -15.0 pp vs world | 46.9% | 184 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 10.3 / 100 | -11.9 pp vs world | 13.1% | 123 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 40.2 / 100 | -3.1 pp vs world | 98.4% | 144 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 29.9 / 100 | -1.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1997 | 59.6% | 193 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 6.3 / 100 | -15.5 pp vs world | 45.9% | 186 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 9.3 / 100 | -13.1 pp vs world | 13.7% | 124 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 39.7 / 100 | -2.3 pp vs world | 95.9% | 166 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 19.1 / 100 | -3.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1998 | 60.4% | 197 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 4.4 / 100 | -15.2 pp vs world | 45.6% | 188 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 8.3 / 100 | -14.0 pp vs world | 14.8% | 119 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 42.2 / 100 | -1.2 pp vs world | 96.1% | 178 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 13.2 / 100 | -3.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1999 | 62.5% | 189 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 8.3 / 100 | -13.3 pp vs world | 46.3% | 185 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 9.8 / 100 | -13.5 pp vs world | 16.2% | 98 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 52.5 / 100 | +0.2 pp vs world | 97.5% | 148 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 27.9 / 100 | -2.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2000 | 63.5% | 176 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 14.6 / 100 | -12.1 pp vs world | 46.9% | 172 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 16.2 / 100 | -12.8 pp vs world | 16.6% | 89 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 56.9 / 100 | +0.7 pp vs world | 97.9% | 143 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 30.4 / 100 | -1.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2001 | 61.8% | 184 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | -14.6 pp vs world | 45.7% | 182 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 11.3 / 100 | -14.4 pp vs world | 16.1% | 97 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 52.9 / 100 | -0.2 pp vs world | 98.3% | 142 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 30.9 / 100 | -1.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2002 | 60.9% | 183 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 11.2 / 100 | -16.0 pp vs world | 45.2% | 178 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 13.2 / 100 | -14.9 pp vs world | 15.6% | 106 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 48.5 / 100 | -1.0 pp vs world | 97.9% | 140 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 31.9 / 100 | -1.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2003 | 57.9% | 189 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 8.3 / 100 | -18.9 pp vs world | 43.2% | 183 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 10.8 / 100 | -16.6 pp vs world | 14.7% | 120 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 41.7 / 100 | -2.2 pp vs world | 98.5% | 139 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 32.4 / 100 | -1.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2004 | 55.0% | 191 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 7.3 / 100 | -20.8 pp vs world | 41.1% | 186 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 9.3 / 100 | -18.0 pp vs world | 13.9% | 126 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 38.7 / 100 | -2.8 pp vs world | 97.9% | 143 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 30.4 / 100 | -1.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2005 | 54.8% | 189 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 9.2 / 100 | -20.6 pp vs world | 39.8% | 188 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 9.2 / 100 | -18.9 pp vs world | 15.0% | 107 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 48.5 / 100 | -1.7 pp vs world | 95.0% | 159 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 23.3 / 100 | -4.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2006 | 53.0% | 187 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 10.1 / 100 | -21.5 pp vs world | 38.0% | 185 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | -20.0 pp vs world | 15.0% | 100 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 51.9 / 100 | -1.5 pp vs world | 92.7% | 162 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 21.8 / 100 | -6.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2007 | 51.5% | 188 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 9.7 / 100 | -22.5 pp vs world | 36.6% | 188 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 9.2 / 100 | -20.9 pp vs world | 14.8% | 106 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 49.0 / 100 | -1.6 pp vs world | 91.7% | 168 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 18.9 / 100 | -7.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2008 | 50.3% | 190 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | -23.7 pp vs world | 35.5% | 193 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 7.7 / 100 | -21.6 pp vs world | 14.7% | 105 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 50.0 / 100 | -2.1 pp vs world | 92.2% | 170 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 18.8 / 100 | -7.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2009 | 50.6% | 202 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 3.8 / 100 | -25.5 pp vs world | 35.6% | 198 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 5.3 / 100 | -22.5 pp vs world | 15.0% | 122 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 41.8 / 100 | -3.0 pp vs world | 95.5% | 163 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 22.1 / 100 | -3.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2010 | 49.4% | 196 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 6.7 / 100 | -25.1 pp vs world | 34.6% | 193 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 7.7 / 100 | -22.5 pp vs world | 14.8% | 120 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 42.8 / 100 | -2.6 pp vs world | 95.5% | 153 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 26.9 / 100 | -3.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2011 | 50.8% | 194 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 7.7 / 100 | -23.0 pp vs world | 35.2% | 193 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 7.7 / 100 | -21.3 pp vs world | 15.5% | 114 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 45.7 / 100 | -1.7 pp vs world | 97.0% | 151 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 27.9 / 100 | -2.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2012 | 51.6% | 194 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 7.7 / 100 | -22.1 pp vs world | 35.7% | 191 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 8.7 / 100 | -20.9 pp vs world | 15.9% | 109 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 48.1 / 100 | -1.2 pp vs world | 97.4% | 152 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 27.4 / 100 | -1.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2013 | 52.1% | 196 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 6.7 / 100 | -21.5 pp vs world | 36.1% | 193 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 7.7 / 100 | -20.5 pp vs world | 15.9% | 110 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 47.6 / 100 | -1.0 pp vs world | 98.0% | 147 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 29.8 / 100 | -1.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2014 | 52.9% | 196 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 6.7 / 100 | -20.7 pp vs world | 37.0% | 193 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 7.7 / 100 | -19.7 pp vs world | 15.9% | 111 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 47.1 / 100 | -1.0 pp vs world | 98.2% | 144 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 31.3 / 100 | -1.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2015 | 54.3% | 200 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 4.8 / 100 | -19.4 pp vs world | 38.1% | 198 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 5.3 / 100 | -19.0 pp vs world | 16.3% | 110 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 47.6 / 100 | -0.4 pp vs world | 97.1% | 158 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 24.5 / 100 | -2.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2016 | 55.6% | 200 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 4.8 / 100 | -18.3 pp vs world | 39.2% | 197 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 5.8 / 100 | -18.1 pp vs world | 16.4% | 104 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 50.5 / 100 | -0.2 pp vs world | 97.7% | 152 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 27.4 / 100 | -1.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2017 | 55.5% | 199 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 5.3 / 100 | -17.9 pp vs world | 39.0% | 197 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 5.8 / 100 | -17.9 pp vs world | 16.5% | 99 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 52.9 / 100 | +0.1 pp vs world | 98.0% | 145 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 30.8 / 100 | -1.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2018 | 55.8% | 198 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 5.7 / 100 | -17.0 pp vs world | 38.9% | 194 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 7.2 / 100 | -17.4 pp vs world | 16.8% | 93 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 55.8 / 100 | +0.4 pp vs world | 99.1% | 138 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 34.1 / 100 | -0.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2019 | 56.5% | 198 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 5.7 / 100 | -16.5 pp vs world | 39.4% | 193 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 7.7 / 100 | -17.0 pp vs world | 17.2% | 97 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 53.8 / 100 | +0.5 pp vs world | 99.2% | 134 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 36.1 / 100 | -0.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2020 | 55.8% | 200 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 4.8 / 100 | -17.4 pp vs world | 38.2% | 197 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 5.8 / 100 | -17.3 pp vs world | 17.6% | 107 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 49.0 / 100 | -0.1 pp vs world | 98.3% | 146 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 30.3 / 100 | -1.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2021 | 54.7% | 199 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 5.3 / 100 | -17.2 pp vs world | 38.4% | 193 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 7.7 / 100 | -16.6 pp vs world | 16.4% | 115 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 45.2 / 100 | -0.6 pp vs world | 97.4% | 145 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 30.8 / 100 | -1.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2022 | 54.4% | 194 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 7.7 / 100 | -17.5 pp vs world | 37.8% | 190 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 9.1 / 100 | -17.8 pp vs world | 16.7% | 104 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 50.5 / 100 | +0.3 pp vs world | 96.8% | 155 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 26.0 / 100 | -2.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2023 | 56.8% | 197 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 6.2 / 100 | -16.2 pp vs world | 39.6% | 192 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 8.2 / 100 | -16.9 pp vs world | 17.2% | 96 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 54.3 / 100 | +0.7 pp vs world | 97.9% | 141 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 32.7 / 100 | -1.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2024 | 56.6% | 197 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 6.2 / 100 | -16.7 pp vs world | 39.9% | 193 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 7.7 / 100 | -16.7 pp vs world | 16.6% | 109 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 48.1 / 100 | +0.1 pp vs world | 97.2% | 144 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 31.3 / 100 | -2.0 pp vs world |
Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).
Interpretation note
Parent aggregates and their components should not be added together. Shares describe composition, not the quality of spending.
Latest common comparison
Asia63.9%2024
Eastern Asia60.7%2024
World73.2%2024
06 · Investment and capital formation
How much current output is directed toward capital formation?
Gross capital formation combines fixed investment and inventory change as shares of GDP.
Full historical record
Gross Capital Formation
Gross capital formation combines fixed investment and inventory change as shares of GDP.
China (mainland) is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.
33.5% → 34.7%
Percentage-point change: +1.2 pp34.7% → 46.1%
Percentage-point change: +11.4 pp46.1% → 40.6%
Percentage-point change: -5.5 ppInvestment and capital formation: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows
Annual non-duplicative measures used in the investment and capital formation section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.
Showing 55 of 55 rows
| China (mainland) | 1970 | 33.5% | 26 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 85.8 / 100 | +5.8 pp vs world | 24.8% | 66 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 63.1 / 100 | +1.9 pp vs world | 8.7% | 7 of 137 · highest-to-lowest | 95.6 / 100 | +3.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1971 | 34.3% | 27 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 85.2 / 100 | +6.9 pp vs world | 25.5% | 61 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 65.9 / 100 | +2.3 pp vs world | 8.8% | 6 of 137 · highest-to-lowest | 96.3 / 100 | +4.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1972 | 31.9% | 29 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 84.1 / 100 | +4.6 pp vs world | 25.3% | 63 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 64.8 / 100 | -1.2 pp vs world | 6.6% | 6 of 138 · highest-to-lowest | 96.4 / 100 | +5.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1973 | 33.6% | 26 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 85.8 / 100 | +5.0 pp vs world | 24.9% | 63 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 64.8 / 100 | -2.3 pp vs world | 8.7% | 6 of 140 · highest-to-lowest | 96.4 / 100 | +7.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1974 | 33.9% | 30 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 83.5 / 100 | +5.4 pp vs world | 27.3% | 50 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 72.2 / 100 | +0.8 pp vs world | 6.6% | 17 of 138 · highest-to-lowest | 88.3 / 100 | +4.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1975 | 35.8% | 24 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 86.9 / 100 | +9.0 pp vs world | 29.8% | 37 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 79.5 / 100 | +3.5 pp vs world | 6.0% | 19 of 140 · highest-to-lowest | 87.1 / 100 | +5.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1976 | 34.0% | 34 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 81.3 / 100 | +6.0 pp vs world | 29.8% | 40 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 77.8 / 100 | +3.0 pp vs world | 4.2% | 29 of 139 · highest-to-lowest | 79.7 / 100 | +3.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1977 | 34.6% | 30 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 83.5 / 100 | +6.3 pp vs world | 28.9% | 47 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 73.9 / 100 | +1.7 pp vs world | 5.8% | 11 of 139 · highest-to-lowest | 92.8 / 100 | +4.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1978 | 38.4% | 22 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 88.1 / 100 | +9.9 pp vs world | 30.1% | 39 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 78.4 / 100 | +2.6 pp vs world | 8.3% | 5 of 139 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | +7.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1979 | 37.1% | 24 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 86.9 / 100 | +8.8 pp vs world | 29.1% | 46 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 74.4 / 100 | +1.9 pp vs world | 7.9% | 5 of 142 · highest-to-lowest | 97.2 / 100 | +6.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1980 | 35.4% | 25 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 86.4 / 100 | +7.4 pp vs world | 29.3% | 44 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 75.6 / 100 | +2.2 pp vs world | 6.0% | 13 of 143 · highest-to-lowest | 91.5 / 100 | +5.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1981 | 33.7% | 35 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 80.7 / 100 | +6.2 pp vs world | 28.0% | 57 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 68.2 / 100 | +1.2 pp vs world | 5.7% | 14 of 144 · highest-to-lowest | 90.9 / 100 | +5.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1982 | 32.7% | 36 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 80.1 / 100 | +6.4 pp vs world | 29.0% | 50 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 72.2 / 100 | +2.8 pp vs world | 3.7% | 21 of 145 · highest-to-lowest | 86.1 / 100 | +3.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1983 | 32.7% | 33 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 81.8 / 100 | +6.8 pp vs world | 28.9% | 46 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 74.4 / 100 | +3.3 pp vs world | 3.7% | 19 of 146 · highest-to-lowest | 87.6 / 100 | +3.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1984 | 35.2% | 21 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 88.6 / 100 | +8.8 pp vs world | 30.1% | 31 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 83.0 / 100 | +4.8 pp vs world | 5.1% | 8 of 147 · highest-to-lowest | 95.2 / 100 | +4.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1985 | 39.9% | 14 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 92.6 / 100 | +14.2 pp vs world | 31.3% | 24 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 86.9 / 100 | +6.4 pp vs world | 8.6% | 3 of 148 · highest-to-lowest | 98.6 / 100 | +7.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1986 | 38.6% | 15 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 92.0 / 100 | +13.1 pp vs world | 31.8% | 22 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 88.1 / 100 | +6.9 pp vs world | 6.8% | 9 of 148 · highest-to-lowest | 94.6 / 100 | +6.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1987 | 38.2% | 12 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | +12.7 pp vs world | 31.4% | 20 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 89.2 / 100 | +6.5 pp vs world | 6.8% | 6 of 151 · highest-to-lowest | 96.7 / 100 | +6.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1988 | 39.9% | 8 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 96.0 / 100 | +13.6 pp vs world | 31.9% | 22 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 88.1 / 100 | +6.5 pp vs world | 8.0% | 3 of 151 · highest-to-lowest | 98.7 / 100 | +7.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1989 | 37.9% | 12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | +11.7 pp vs world | 26.3% | 49 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 72.9 / 100 | +1.2 pp vs world | 11.6% | 3 of 152 · highest-to-lowest | 98.7 / 100 | +10.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1990 | 34.7% | 27 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 87.3 / 100 | +8.9 pp vs world | 24.6% | 69 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 66.7 / 100 | -0.5 pp vs world | 10.2% | 3 of 174 · highest-to-lowest | 98.8 / 100 | +9.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1991 | 35.9% | 21 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 90.2 / 100 | +10.6 pp vs world | 26.3% | 46 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 77.9 / 100 | +2.1 pp vs world | 9.5% | 9 of 172 · highest-to-lowest | 95.3 / 100 | +8.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1992 | 39.8% | 14 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 93.6 / 100 | +15.2 pp vs world | 31.1% | 29 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 86.3 / 100 | +7.2 pp vs world | 8.7% | 12 of 167 · highest-to-lowest | 93.4 / 100 | +7.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1993 | 44.2% | 7 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | +20.1 pp vs world | 38.1% | 11 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 95.1 / 100 | +14.4 pp vs world | 6.2% | 12 of 170 · highest-to-lowest | 93.5 / 100 | +5.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1994 | 40.9% | 12 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 94.6 / 100 | +16.5 pp vs world | 35.3% | 17 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 92.2 / 100 | +11.7 pp vs world | 5.6% | 17 of 170 · highest-to-lowest | 90.5 / 100 | +4.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1995 | 39.7% | 13 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 94.1 / 100 | +15.1 pp vs world | 33.2% | 20 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 90.7 / 100 | +9.5 pp vs world | 6.5% | 9 of 171 · highest-to-lowest | 95.3 / 100 | +5.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1996 | 38.4% | 17 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 92.2 / 100 | +13.9 pp vs world | 32.5% | 29 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 86.3 / 100 | +8.7 pp vs world | 5.9% | 11 of 171 · highest-to-lowest | 94.1 / 100 | +5.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1997 | 36.3% | 18 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 91.7 / 100 | +12.0 pp vs world | 31.8% | 29 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 86.3 / 100 | +8.3 pp vs world | 4.5% | 17 of 172 · highest-to-lowest | 90.6 / 100 | +3.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1998 | 35.7% | 16 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 92.6 / 100 | +11.7 pp vs world | 33.7% | 20 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 90.7 / 100 | +10.4 pp vs world | 1.9% | 44 of 168 · highest-to-lowest | 74.3 / 100 | +1.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1999 | 35.0% | 20 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 90.7 / 100 | +11.1 pp vs world | 33.4% | 20 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 90.7 / 100 | +9.9 pp vs world | 1.6% | 42 of 168 · highest-to-lowest | 75.4 / 100 | +1.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2000 | 34.4% | 18 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 91.7 / 100 | +10.1 pp vs world | 33.4% | 16 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 92.6 / 100 | +9.8 pp vs world | 1.0% | 77 of 170 · highest-to-lowest | 55.0 / 100 | +0.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2001 | 36.4% | 15 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 93.1 / 100 | +12.9 pp vs world | 34.3% | 15 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 93.1 / 100 | +11.0 pp vs world | 2.1% | 37 of 172 · highest-to-lowest | 78.9 / 100 | +1.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2002 | 37.1% | 14 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 93.6 / 100 | +14.1 pp vs world | 36.0% | 13 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 94.1 / 100 | +13.3 pp vs world | 1.1% | 64 of 175 · highest-to-lowest | 63.8 / 100 | +0.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2003 | 40.6% | 8 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +17.5 pp vs world | 39.3% | 10 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 95.6 / 100 | +16.5 pp vs world | 1.4% | 49 of 174 · highest-to-lowest | 72.3 / 100 | +0.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2004 | 42.9% | 6 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 97.5 / 100 | +19.0 pp vs world | 40.6% | 9 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | +17.5 pp vs world | 2.3% | 45 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 75.1 / 100 | +1.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2005 | 40.2% | 10 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 95.6 / 100 | +15.9 pp vs world | 39.3% | 9 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 96.1 / 100 | +15.6 pp vs world | 0.9% | 84 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 53.1 / 100 | +0.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2006 | 39.7% | 10 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 95.6 / 100 | +14.9 pp vs world | 38.5% | 6 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | +14.5 pp vs world | 1.2% | 70 of 180 · highest-to-lowest | 61.5 / 100 | +0.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2007 | 40.2% | 11 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 95.1 / 100 | +14.9 pp vs world | 37.7% | 12 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 94.7 / 100 | +13.4 pp vs world | 2.6% | 44 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 75.8 / 100 | +1.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2008 | 42.0% | 12 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 94.7 / 100 | +16.6 pp vs world | 38.8% | 15 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 93.3 / 100 | +14.4 pp vs world | 3.2% | 40 of 180 · highest-to-lowest | 78.2 / 100 | +2.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2009 | 44.9% | 8 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +21.6 pp vs world | 43.4% | 7 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | +19.8 pp vs world | 1.5% | 38 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 79.2 / 100 | +1.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2010 | 46.1% | 6 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | +21.5 pp vs world | 43.5% | 5 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +20.0 pp vs world | 2.6% | 27 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 85.3 / 100 | +1.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2011 | 46.3% | 8 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +21.0 pp vs world | 43.5% | 8 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +19.4 pp vs world | 2.8% | 38 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 79.2 / 100 | +1.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2012 | 45.8% | 8 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +20.4 pp vs world | 43.9% | 8 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +19.4 pp vs world | 1.9% | 49 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 72.9 / 100 | +1.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2013 | 45.9% | 8 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +20.5 pp vs world | 44.1% | 5 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +19.5 pp vs world | 1.8% | 37 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 79.4 / 100 | +1.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2014 | 45.3% | 6 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | +19.6 pp vs world | 43.4% | 6 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | +18.6 pp vs world | 1.9% | 33 of 175 · highest-to-lowest | 81.6 / 100 | +1.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2015 | 42.7% | 8 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +17.0 pp vs world | 41.6% | 7 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | +16.6 pp vs world | 1.1% | 61 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 65.7 / 100 | +0.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2016 | 42.1% | 9 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 96.2 / 100 | +16.8 pp vs world | 41.1% | 8 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +16.2 pp vs world | 1.1% | 56 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 68.6 / 100 | +0.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2017 | 42.5% | 7 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | +16.6 pp vs world | 41.4% | 5 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +16.3 pp vs world | 1.1% | 63 of 175 · highest-to-lowest | 64.4 / 100 | +0.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2018 | 43.3% | 8 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +17.0 pp vs world | 42.4% | 5 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +16.8 pp vs world | 0.9% | 79 of 175 · highest-to-lowest | 55.2 / 100 | +0.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2019 | 42.7% | 9 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 96.2 / 100 | +16.3 pp vs world | 42.3% | 8 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 96.6 / 100 | +16.4 pp vs world | 0.4% | 101 of 174 · highest-to-lowest | 42.2 / 100 | -0.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2020 | 42.6% | 7 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | +16.3 pp vs world | 41.8% | 5 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +15.9 pp vs world | 0.7% | 65 of 173 · highest-to-lowest | 62.8 / 100 | +0.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2021 | 42.7% | 5 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +15.6 pp vs world | 41.4% | 5 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +15.3 pp vs world | 1.3% | 74 of 171 · highest-to-lowest | 57.1 / 100 | +0.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2022 | 42.4% | 6 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | +15.1 pp vs world | 41.2% | 5 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +15.3 pp vs world | 1.1% | 89 of 170 · highest-to-lowest | 47.9 / 100 | -0.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2023 | 41.1% | 6 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | +14.8 pp vs world | 40.5% | 4 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 98.6 / 100 | +14.7 pp vs world | 0.7% | 66 of 169 · highest-to-lowest | 61.3 / 100 | +0.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2024 | 40.6% | 7 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | +14.6 pp vs world | 39.9% | 5 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +14.5 pp vs world | 0.7% | 63 of 163 · highest-to-lowest | 61.7 / 100 | +0.2 pp vs world |
Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).
Interpretation note
A larger investment share is not automatically better; depreciation, utilization and project quality are outside this accounting measure.
Latest common comparison
Asia33.8%2024
Eastern Asia36.7%2024
World26.0%2024
07 · Trade structure and external balance
How exposed is the economy to trade, and what is the external balance?
Exports, imports, openness and net exports distinguish exposure from surplus or deficit.
Full historical record
Trade openness
Exports, imports, openness and net exports distinguish exposure from surplus or deficit.
China (mainland) is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.
5.7% → 25.3%
Percentage-point change: +19.6 pp25.3% → 50.7%
Percentage-point change: +25.4 pp50.7% → 38.1%
Percentage-point change: -12.6 ppTrade structure and external balance: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows
Annual non-duplicative measures used in the trade structure and external balance section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.
Showing 55 of 55 rows
| China (mainland) | 1970 | 2.9% | 176 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 1.1 / 100 | -8.3 pp vs world | 2.8% | 177 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 0.6 / 100 | -8.4 pp vs world | 0.1% | 59 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 67.2 / 100 | +0.1 pp vs world | 5.7% | 177 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 0.6 / 100 | -16.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1971 | 3.3% | 175 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 1.7 / 100 | -8.2 pp vs world | 2.6% | 178 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 0.0 / 100 | -8.7 pp vs world | 0.6% | 49 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 72.9 / 100 | +0.6 pp vs world | 5.9% | 177 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 0.6 / 100 | -16.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1972 | 3.8% | 175 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 1.7 / 100 | -8.0 pp vs world | 3.1% | 177 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 0.6 / 100 | -8.5 pp vs world | 0.7% | 51 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 71.8 / 100 | +0.5 pp vs world | 6.9% | 177 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 0.6 / 100 | -16.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1973 | 5.0% | 172 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 3.4 / 100 | -8.2 pp vs world | 4.4% | 178 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 0.0 / 100 | -8.5 pp vs world | 0.5% | 51 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 71.8 / 100 | +0.3 pp vs world | 9.4% | 177 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 0.6 / 100 | -16.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1974 | 5.8% | 168 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 5.6 / 100 | -10.3 pp vs world | 6.0% | 174 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 2.3 / 100 | -10.0 pp vs world | -0.2% | 58 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 67.8 / 100 | -0.3 pp vs world | 11.8% | 175 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 1.7 / 100 | -20.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1975 | 5.5% | 169 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 5.1 / 100 | -9.7 pp vs world | 5.5% | 177 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 0.6 / 100 | -9.7 pp vs world | 0.0% | 51 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 71.8 / 100 | -0.0 pp vs world | 11.0% | 176 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 1.1 / 100 | -19.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1976 | 5.3% | 171 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.0 / 100 | -10.4 pp vs world | 5.0% | 178 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 0.0 / 100 | -10.8 pp vs world | 0.3% | 45 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 75.1 / 100 | +0.4 pp vs world | 10.3% | 178 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 0.0 / 100 | -21.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1977 | 5.0% | 174 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 2.3 / 100 | -10.8 pp vs world | 4.7% | 178 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 0.0 / 100 | -11.4 pp vs world | 0.3% | 51 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 71.8 / 100 | +0.6 pp vs world | 9.8% | 178 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 0.0 / 100 | -22.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1978 | 5.3% | 172 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 3.4 / 100 | -10.2 pp vs world | 5.7% | 175 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 1.7 / 100 | -10.1 pp vs world | -0.3% | 56 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 68.9 / 100 | -0.0 pp vs world | 11.0% | 176 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 1.1 / 100 | -20.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1979 | 6.1% | 170 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.5 / 100 | -10.8 pp vs world | 6.6% | 175 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 1.7 / 100 | -10.6 pp vs world | -0.5% | 61 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 66.1 / 100 | -0.2 pp vs world | 12.6% | 175 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 1.7 / 100 | -21.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1980 | 6.9% | 167 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 6.2 / 100 | -11.3 pp vs world | 7.3% | 175 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 1.7 / 100 | -11.3 pp vs world | -0.3% | 44 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 75.7 / 100 | -0.0 pp vs world | 14.2% | 174 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 2.3 / 100 | -22.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1981 | 8.7% | 161 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | -9.3 pp vs world | 8.4% | 175 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 1.7 / 100 | -10.0 pp vs world | 0.3% | 36 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 80.2 / 100 | +0.7 pp vs world | 17.1% | 170 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.5 / 100 | -19.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1982 | 9.0% | 159 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | -8.0 pp vs world | 7.3% | 174 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 2.3 / 100 | -10.1 pp vs world | 1.7% | 27 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 85.3 / 100 | +2.1 pp vs world | 16.2% | 171 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.0 / 100 | -18.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1983 | 8.1% | 163 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 8.5 / 100 | -8.3 pp vs world | 7.3% | 174 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 2.3 / 100 | -9.5 pp vs world | 0.8% | 42 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 76.8 / 100 | +1.2 pp vs world | 15.4% | 172 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 3.4 / 100 | -17.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1984 | 8.9% | 162 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.0 / 100 | -8.0 pp vs world | 8.9% | 170 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.5 / 100 | -8.2 pp vs world | 0.0% | 62 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 65.5 / 100 | +0.2 pp vs world | 17.8% | 167 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 6.2 / 100 | -16.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1985 | 9.4% | 160 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 10.2 / 100 | -7.1 pp vs world | 13.4% | 162 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.0 / 100 | -3.3 pp vs world | -4.0% | 102 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 42.9 / 100 | -3.9 pp vs world | 22.8% | 162 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.0 / 100 | -10.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1986 | 9.8% | 158 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 11.3 / 100 | -6.0 pp vs world | 12.3% | 162 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.0 / 100 | -3.8 pp vs world | -2.5% | 91 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 49.2 / 100 | -2.2 pp vs world | 22.1% | 163 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 8.5 / 100 | -9.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1987 | 11.7% | 153 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 14.1 / 100 | -4.8 pp vs world | 11.6% | 168 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 5.6 / 100 | -5.0 pp vs world | 0.1% | 63 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 65.0 / 100 | +0.2 pp vs world | 23.4% | 162 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.0 / 100 | -9.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1988 | 12.4% | 152 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 14.7 / 100 | -4.6 pp vs world | 13.4% | 165 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.3 / 100 | -3.8 pp vs world | -1.0% | 76 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 57.6 / 100 | -0.8 pp vs world | 25.8% | 161 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | -8.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1989 | 10.2% | 162 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | -7.3 pp vs world | 11.2% | 170 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 5.1 / 100 | -6.5 pp vs world | -1.1% | 75 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 58.4 / 100 | -0.8 pp vs world | 21.4% | 167 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 6.7 / 100 | -13.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1990 | 14.0% | 170 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 17.6 / 100 | -4.9 pp vs world | 11.3% | 196 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 4.9 / 100 | -7.9 pp vs world | 2.7% | 44 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 79.0 / 100 | +2.9 pp vs world | 25.3% | 190 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 7.8 / 100 | -12.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1991 | 15.1% | 158 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 23.4 / 100 | -3.5 pp vs world | 12.3% | 193 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 6.3 / 100 | -6.3 pp vs world | 2.8% | 45 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 78.5 / 100 | +2.9 pp vs world | 27.4% | 188 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 8.8 / 100 | -9.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1992 | 15.3% | 161 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 22.0 / 100 | -4.5 pp vs world | 14.2% | 190 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 7.8 / 100 | -5.2 pp vs world | 1.0% | 62 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 70.2 / 100 | +0.7 pp vs world | 29.5% | 183 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 11.2 / 100 | -9.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1993 | 13.2% | 169 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 18.0 / 100 | -5.6 pp vs world | 15.1% | 190 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 7.8 / 100 | -3.2 pp vs world | -1.9% | 86 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 58.5 / 100 | -2.4 pp vs world | 28.3% | 188 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 8.8 / 100 | -8.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1994 | 20.1% | 157 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 23.9 / 100 | +0.7 pp vs world | 18.8% | 181 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 12.2 / 100 | -0.2 pp vs world | 1.3% | 65 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 68.8 / 100 | +0.8 pp vs world | 38.9% | 176 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 14.6 / 100 | +0.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1995 | 19.2% | 160 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 22.4 / 100 | -1.5 pp vs world | 17.5% | 188 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 8.8 / 100 | -2.6 pp vs world | 1.6% | 55 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 73.7 / 100 | +1.1 pp vs world | 36.7% | 183 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 11.2 / 100 | -4.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1996 | 19.0% | 159 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 22.9 / 100 | -2.1 pp vs world | 17.0% | 194 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 5.9 / 100 | -3.7 pp vs world | 2.0% | 54 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 74.1 / 100 | +1.6 pp vs world | 36.0% | 183 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 11.2 / 100 | -5.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1997 | 21.6% | 152 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 26.3 / 100 | -0.5 pp vs world | 17.1% | 193 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 6.3 / 100 | -4.4 pp vs world | 4.5% | 35 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 83.4 / 100 | +3.9 pp vs world | 38.6% | 179 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 13.2 / 100 | -4.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1998 | 20.2% | 154 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 25.4 / 100 | -1.7 pp vs world | 15.9% | 198 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 3.9 / 100 | -5.6 pp vs world | 4.3% | 27 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 87.3 / 100 | +3.9 pp vs world | 36.1% | 184 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 10.7 / 100 | -7.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1999 | 20.2% | 152 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 26.3 / 100 | -1.6 pp vs world | 17.4% | 190 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 7.8 / 100 | -4.2 pp vs world | 2.8% | 52 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 75.1 / 100 | +2.6 pp vs world | 37.6% | 179 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 13.2 / 100 | -5.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2000 | 23.1% | 150 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 27.3 / 100 | -0.5 pp vs world | 20.7% | 182 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 11.7 / 100 | -2.7 pp vs world | 2.4% | 58 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 72.2 / 100 | +2.2 pp vs world | 43.8% | 177 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 14.1 / 100 | -3.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2001 | 22.4% | 150 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 27.3 / 100 | -0.6 pp vs world | 20.3% | 190 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 7.8 / 100 | -2.7 pp vs world | 2.1% | 56 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 73.2 / 100 | +2.1 pp vs world | 42.6% | 178 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 13.7 / 100 | -3.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2002 | 24.8% | 140 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 32.2 / 100 | +1.7 pp vs world | 22.3% | 181 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 12.2 / 100 | -0.7 pp vs world | 2.5% | 60 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 71.2 / 100 | +2.4 pp vs world | 47.2% | 169 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 18.0 / 100 | +1.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2003 | 29.2% | 122 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 41.0 / 100 | +5.3 pp vs world | 27.1% | 156 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 24.4 / 100 | +3.3 pp vs world | 2.2% | 60 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 71.2 / 100 | +2.0 pp vs world | 56.3% | 144 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 30.2 / 100 | +8.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2004 | 31.1% | 123 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 40.5 / 100 | +5.3 pp vs world | 28.4% | 152 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 26.3 / 100 | +3.0 pp vs world | 2.6% | 62 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 70.2 / 100 | +2.3 pp vs world | 59.5% | 147 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 28.8 / 100 | +8.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2005 | 33.8% | 115 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 44.9 / 100 | +6.8 pp vs world | 28.4% | 161 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 22.7 / 100 | +1.7 pp vs world | 5.5% | 48 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 77.3 / 100 | +5.0 pp vs world | 62.2% | 146 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 30.0 / 100 | +8.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2006 | 36.0% | 110 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 47.3 / 100 | +7.3 pp vs world | 28.4% | 165 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 20.8 / 100 | +0.4 pp vs world | 7.6% | 44 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 79.2 / 100 | +6.9 pp vs world | 64.5% | 148 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 29.0 / 100 | +7.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2007 | 35.4% | 110 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 47.3 / 100 | +5.8 pp vs world | 26.7% | 178 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 14.5 / 100 | -2.1 pp vs world | 8.7% | 35 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 83.6 / 100 | +7.9 pp vs world | 62.1% | 150 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 28.0 / 100 | +3.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2008 | 34.4% | 112 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 46.9 / 100 | +3.4 pp vs world | 26.8% | 183 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 12.9 / 100 | -3.4 pp vs world | 7.6% | 41 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 80.9 / 100 | +6.9 pp vs world | 61.2% | 157 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 25.4 / 100 | +0.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2009 | 26.1% | 130 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 38.3 / 100 | -0.1 pp vs world | 21.8% | 190 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 9.6 / 100 | -3.8 pp vs world | 4.3% | 47 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 78.0 / 100 | +3.7 pp vs world | 48.0% | 171 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 18.7 / 100 | -3.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2010 | 27.2% | 140 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 33.5 / 100 | -1.4 pp vs world | 23.5% | 189 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 10.0 / 100 | -4.1 pp vs world | 3.7% | 58 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 72.7 / 100 | +2.7 pp vs world | 50.7% | 171 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 18.7 / 100 | -5.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2011 | 26.6% | 149 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 29.2 / 100 | -3.8 pp vs world | 24.2% | 191 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 9.1 / 100 | -5.3 pp vs world | 2.4% | 60 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 71.8 / 100 | +1.5 pp vs world | 50.7% | 177 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 15.8 / 100 | -9.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2012 | 25.5% | 153 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 27.3 / 100 | -4.7 pp vs world | 22.8% | 195 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 7.2 / 100 | -6.4 pp vs world | 2.7% | 57 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 73.2 / 100 | +1.7 pp vs world | 48.3% | 182 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 13.4 / 100 | -11.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2013 | 24.6% | 154 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 26.8 / 100 | -5.5 pp vs world | 22.1% | 197 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 6.2 / 100 | -7.0 pp vs world | 2.5% | 58 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 72.7 / 100 | +1.4 pp vs world | 46.7% | 182 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 13.4 / 100 | -12.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2014 | 23.5% | 158 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 24.9 / 100 | -6.2 pp vs world | 21.4% | 197 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 6.2 / 100 | -7.5 pp vs world | 2.1% | 59 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 72.2 / 100 | +1.3 pp vs world | 44.9% | 188 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 10.5 / 100 | -13.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2015 | 21.4% | 157 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 25.4 / 100 | -6.8 pp vs world | 18.1% | 200 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 4.8 / 100 | -9.4 pp vs world | 3.2% | 45 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 78.9 / 100 | +2.6 pp vs world | 39.5% | 191 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 9.1 / 100 | -16.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2016 | 19.6% | 164 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 22.0 / 100 | -7.6 pp vs world | 17.3% | 200 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 4.8 / 100 | -9.1 pp vs world | 2.3% | 56 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 73.7 / 100 | +1.5 pp vs world | 36.9% | 193 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 8.1 / 100 | -16.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2017 | 19.7% | 169 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 19.6 / 100 | -8.4 pp vs world | 17.9% | 200 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 4.8 / 100 | -9.4 pp vs world | 1.8% | 66 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 68.9 / 100 | +1.0 pp vs world | 37.6% | 195 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 7.2 / 100 | -17.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2018 | 19.1% | 173 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 17.7 / 100 | -10.0 pp vs world | 18.3% | 202 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 3.8 / 100 | -9.9 pp vs world | 0.8% | 74 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 65.1 / 100 | -0.1 pp vs world | 37.5% | 195 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 7.2 / 100 | -19.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2019 | 18.5% | 175 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 16.7 / 100 | -9.6 pp vs world | 17.3% | 204 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 2.9 / 100 | -10.2 pp vs world | 1.2% | 73 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 65.6 / 100 | +0.5 pp vs world | 35.8% | 198 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 5.7 / 100 | -19.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2020 | 18.5% | 161 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 23.4 / 100 | -7.6 pp vs world | 16.0% | 200 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 4.8 / 100 | -9.3 pp vs world | 2.5% | 58 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 72.7 / 100 | +1.8 pp vs world | 34.6% | 191 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 9.1 / 100 | -16.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2021 | 19.9% | 162 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 23.0 / 100 | -8.7 pp vs world | 17.3% | 201 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 4.3 / 100 | -10.3 pp vs world | 2.6% | 64 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 69.9 / 100 | +1.6 pp vs world | 37.3% | 195 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 7.2 / 100 | -19.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2022 | 20.8% | 167 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 20.6 / 100 | -10.1 pp vs world | 17.5% | 201 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 4.3 / 100 | -12.6 pp vs world | 3.2% | 52 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 75.6 / 100 | +2.4 pp vs world | 38.3% | 196 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 6.7 / 100 | -22.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2023 | 19.6% | 173 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 17.7 / 100 | -9.5 pp vs world | 17.4% | 201 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 4.3 / 100 | -10.9 pp vs world | 2.2% | 67 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 68.4 / 100 | +1.4 pp vs world | 37.0% | 198 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 5.7 / 100 | -20.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2024 | 20.5% | 168 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 20.1 / 100 | -8.5 pp vs world | 17.6% | 199 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 5.3 / 100 | -10.5 pp vs world | 2.9% | 64 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 69.9 / 100 | +2.0 pp vs world | 38.1% | 197 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 6.2 / 100 | -19.0 pp vs world |
Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).
Interpretation note
Trade openness is exports plus imports relative to GDP. Imports are positive in the source but subtracted in the expenditure identity.
Latest common comparison
Asia60.3%2024
Eastern Asia49.8%2024
World57.1%2024
08 · Industry mix and structural change
Which activities produce value, and how is the mix changing?
Six mutually exclusive activities show the production structure. Manufacturing remains nested inside its parent activity.
Full historical record
Structural change across six activities
Other activities is the largest current activity at 35.0%. Each activity shows change separately for 1970–1990, 1990–2010, and 2010–current.
AMA activity values measure gross value added, not sales, revenue, shipments, gross output, or physical production.
1970–1990-8.3 pp1990–2010-17.4 pp2010–2024-2.3 pp
World specialization: 1.68×
1970–1990-0.1 pp1990–2010+2.8 pp2010–2024-9.3 pp
World specialization: 1.42×
1970–1990+0.9 pp1990–2010+1.9 pp2010–2024+0.2 pp
World specialization: 1.16×
1970–1990+0.0 pp1990–2010+2.1 pp2010–2024+1.7 pp
World specialization: 0.83×
1970–1990+1.8 pp1990–2010+0.8 pp2010–2024+2.1 pp
World specialization: 0.93×
1970–1990+5.7 pp1990–2010+9.7 pp2010–2024+7.7 pp
World specialization: 0.79×
Industry composition and economic scale
The 100% area view isolates changes in production mix. The current-dollar area view combines those shares with nominal GDP so the total height also shows the expansion or contraction of the economy.
11.8% → 17.5%
Percentage-point change: +5.7 pp17.5% → 27.2%
Percentage-point change: +9.7 pp27.2% → 35.0%
Percentage-point change: +7.7 ppHow to read specialization
World specialization compares an activity's share of this country's gross value added with that activity's share of world gross value added. A result of 1.00× means the shares match; above 1.00× means the activity is relatively more prominent locally, while below 1.00× means it is relatively less prominent. It describes economic structure, not productivity or competitiveness.
Current specialization against world
Agriculture, forestry and fishing1.68×
Mining, manufacturing and utilities1.42×
Construction1.16×
Trade, restaurants and hotels0.83×
Transport, storage and communication0.93×
Other activities0.79×
Industry mix, specialization and world comparison table55 annual rows
Annual shares for the six mutually exclusive broad industries, with world comparisons and ranks wherever comparable data exist. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.
Showing 55 of 55 rows
| China (mainland) | 1970 | 35.1% | 29 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 84.0 / 100 | +25.7 pp vs world | 36.7% | 25 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 86.4 / 100 | +5.8 pp vs world | 3.7% | 133 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 25.4 / 100 | -2.8 pp vs world | 8.3% | 157 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 11.4 / 100 | -5.7 pp vs world | 4.4% | 139 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 21.6 / 100 | -3.4 pp vs world | 11.8% | 169 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 5.1 / 100 | -19.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1971 | 33.9% | 30 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 83.4 / 100 | +24.9 pp vs world | 38.1% | 20 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 89.3 / 100 | +7.6 pp vs world | 3.9% | 127 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 28.8 / 100 | -2.7 pp vs world | 7.8% | 159 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 10.2 / 100 | -6.3 pp vs world | 4.4% | 140 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 21.0 / 100 | -3.4 pp vs world | 11.9% | 167 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 6.2 / 100 | -20.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1972 | 32.7% | 31 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 82.9 / 100 | +24.0 pp vs world | 39.2% | 16 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 91.5 / 100 | +8.7 pp vs world | 3.7% | 133 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 25.4 / 100 | -3.1 pp vs world | 8.1% | 159 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 10.2 / 100 | -6.0 pp vs world | 4.8% | 131 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 26.1 / 100 | -3.1 pp vs world | 11.5% | 168 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 5.6 / 100 | -20.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1973 | 33.2% | 30 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 83.4 / 100 | +24.1 pp vs world | 39.3% | 19 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 89.8 / 100 | +8.4 pp vs world | 3.7% | 132 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 26.0 / 100 | -3.1 pp vs world | 8.1% | 156 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 11.9 / 100 | -5.8 pp vs world | 4.8% | 129 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 27.3 / 100 | -3.0 pp vs world | 10.9% | 170 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.5 / 100 | -20.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1974 | 33.7% | 30 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 83.4 / 100 | +25.1 pp vs world | 38.7% | 23 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 87.6 / 100 | +7.0 pp vs world | 3.9% | 131 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 26.6 / 100 | -2.8 pp vs world | 7.8% | 157 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 11.4 / 100 | -6.3 pp vs world | 4.7% | 130 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 26.7 / 100 | -3.0 pp vs world | 11.2% | 171 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.0 / 100 | -20.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1975 | 32.2% | 32 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 82.3 / 100 | +24.0 pp vs world | 41.3% | 16 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 91.5 / 100 | +10.7 pp vs world | 4.1% | 131 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 26.6 / 100 | -2.7 pp vs world | 6.3% | 165 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 6.8 / 100 | -7.9 pp vs world | 4.9% | 124 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 30.1 / 100 | -2.8 pp vs world | 11.1% | 171 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.0 / 100 | -21.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1976 | 32.6% | 30 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 83.4 / 100 | +24.7 pp vs world | 40.7% | 15 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 92.1 / 100 | +9.8 pp vs world | 4.5% | 126 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 29.4 / 100 | -2.3 pp vs world | 5.5% | 171 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 3.4 / 100 | -8.7 pp vs world | 4.9% | 123 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 30.7 / 100 | -2.9 pp vs world | 11.8% | 170 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.5 / 100 | -20.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1977 | 29.2% | 34 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 81.1 / 100 | +21.5 pp vs world | 42.6% | 10 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 94.9 / 100 | +11.9 pp vs world | 4.2% | 125 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 29.9 / 100 | -2.5 pp vs world | 7.2% | 162 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 8.5 / 100 | -7.1 pp vs world | 5.1% | 123 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 30.7 / 100 | -2.8 pp vs world | 11.7% | 170 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.5 / 100 | -21.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1978 | 27.9% | 34 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 81.1 / 100 | +20.4 pp vs world | 44.1% | 10 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 94.9 / 100 | +13.6 pp vs world | 3.8% | 140 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 21.5 / 100 | -3.1 pp vs world | 7.8% | 163 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 8.0 / 100 | -6.5 pp vs world | 4.9% | 131 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 26.1 / 100 | -3.0 pp vs world | 11.5% | 172 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 3.4 / 100 | -21.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1979 | 31.0% | 31 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 82.9 / 100 | +23.7 pp vs world | 43.6% | 12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | +12.7 pp vs world | 3.5% | 149 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 16.4 / 100 | -3.3 pp vs world | 6.0% | 168 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 5.1 / 100 | -8.3 pp vs world | 4.7% | 135 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 23.9 / 100 | -3.2 pp vs world | 11.2% | 171 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.0 / 100 | -21.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1980 | 29.9% | 33 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 81.7 / 100 | +23.1 pp vs world | 43.9% | 14 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | +12.8 pp vs world | 4.3% | 131 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 26.6 / 100 | -2.4 pp vs world | 5.3% | 170 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 4.0 / 100 | -9.0 pp vs world | 4.7% | 134 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 24.4 / 100 | -3.1 pp vs world | 12.0% | 167 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 6.2 / 100 | -21.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1981 | 31.6% | 30 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 83.4 / 100 | +24.8 pp vs world | 41.9% | 12 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | +11.3 pp vs world | 4.2% | 129 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 27.7 / 100 | -2.2 pp vs world | 5.8% | 171 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 3.4 / 100 | -8.6 pp vs world | 4.5% | 141 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 20.5 / 100 | -3.4 pp vs world | 12.0% | 170 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 4.5 / 100 | -22.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1982 | 33.1% | 28 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 84.6 / 100 | +26.3 pp vs world | 40.6% | 13 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 93.2 / 100 | +10.8 pp vs world | 4.1% | 134 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 24.9 / 100 | -2.1 pp vs world | 4.3% | 177 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 0.0 / 100 | -9.9 pp vs world | 4.6% | 140 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 21.0 / 100 | -3.3 pp vs world | 13.2% | 166 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 6.8 / 100 | -22.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1983 | 32.9% | 30 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 83.4 / 100 | +25.9 pp vs world | 39.8% | 16 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 91.5 / 100 | +10.5 pp vs world | 4.5% | 118 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 33.9 / 100 | -1.5 pp vs world | 4.5% | 176 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 0.6 / 100 | -9.8 pp vs world | 4.6% | 140 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 21.0 / 100 | -3.4 pp vs world | 13.7% | 166 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 6.8 / 100 | -22.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1984 | 31.8% | 28 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 84.6 / 100 | +25.0 pp vs world | 38.7% | 19 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 89.8 / 100 | +9.5 pp vs world | 4.4% | 119 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 33.3 / 100 | -1.4 pp vs world | 6.3% | 169 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 4.5 / 100 | -8.2 pp vs world | 4.7% | 141 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 20.5 / 100 | -3.4 pp vs world | 14.1% | 166 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 6.8 / 100 | -21.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1985 | 28.2% | 35 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 80.6 / 100 | +21.8 pp vs world | 38.2% | 20 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 89.3 / 100 | +9.5 pp vs world | 4.6% | 113 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 36.7 / 100 | -1.1 pp vs world | 10.3% | 149 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 15.9 / 100 | -4.4 pp vs world | 4.6% | 142 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 19.9 / 100 | -3.4 pp vs world | 14.0% | 168 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 5.6 / 100 | -22.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1986 | 26.9% | 38 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 78.9 / 100 | +21.0 pp vs world | 38.6% | 17 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 91.0 / 100 | +10.9 pp vs world | 5.1% | 95 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 46.9 / 100 | -0.9 pp vs world | 9.8% | 152 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 14.2 / 100 | -4.9 pp vs world | 4.8% | 142 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 19.9 / 100 | -3.3 pp vs world | 14.9% | 164 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.9 / 100 | -23.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1987 | 26.6% | 38 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 78.9 / 100 | +21.1 pp vs world | 38.0% | 16 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 91.5 / 100 | +10.6 pp vs world | 5.5% | 83 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 53.7 / 100 | -0.6 pp vs world | 10.2% | 152 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 14.2 / 100 | -4.4 pp vs world | 4.7% | 146 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 17.6 / 100 | -3.5 pp vs world | 15.1% | 165 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.3 / 100 | -23.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1988 | 25.5% | 39 of 176 · highest-to-lowest | 78.3 / 100 | +20.1 pp vs world | 38.3% | 15 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 92.1 / 100 | +11.1 pp vs world | 5.3% | 89 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 50.3 / 100 | -0.8 pp vs world | 11.4% | 142 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 19.9 / 100 | -3.3 pp vs world | 4.5% | 149 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 15.9 / 100 | -3.6 pp vs world | 15.0% | 165 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 7.3 / 100 | -23.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1989 | 24.8% | 40 of 177 · highest-to-lowest | 77.8 / 100 | +19.5 pp vs world | 38.0% | 16 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 91.6 / 100 | +11.2 pp vs world | 4.6% | 110 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 38.8 / 100 | -1.6 pp vs world | 10.6% | 147 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 17.5 / 100 | -4.0 pp vs world | 4.7% | 143 of 178 · highest-to-lowest | 19.8 / 100 | -3.3 pp vs world | 17.3% | 159 of 179 · highest-to-lowest | 11.2 / 100 | -21.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1990 | 26.8% | 48 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 76.8 / 100 | +21.6 pp vs world | 36.6% | 28 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 86.8 / 100 | +10.0 pp vs world | 4.6% | 128 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 38.0 / 100 | -1.7 pp vs world | 8.3% | 169 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 17.6 / 100 | -6.2 pp vs world | 6.2% | 141 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 31.4 / 100 | -2.0 pp vs world | 17.5% | 181 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 12.2 / 100 | -22.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1991 | 24.3% | 56 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 72.9 / 100 | +19.5 pp vs world | 37.0% | 29 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 86.3 / 100 | +11.0 pp vs world | 4.6% | 123 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 40.5 / 100 | -1.4 pp vs world | 10.3% | 161 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 21.6 / 100 | -4.5 pp vs world | 6.5% | 133 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 35.3 / 100 | -1.8 pp vs world | 17.3% | 180 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 12.7 / 100 | -22.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1992 | 21.6% | 60 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 70.9 / 100 | +17.3 pp vs world | 38.0% | 21 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 90.2 / 100 | +12.7 pp vs world | 5.2% | 110 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 46.8 / 100 | -0.7 pp vs world | 11.0% | 152 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 26.0 / 100 | -4.3 pp vs world | 6.2% | 142 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 30.9 / 100 | -2.1 pp vs world | 18.0% | 174 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 15.6 / 100 | -23.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1993 | 19.5% | 62 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 70.0 / 100 | +15.4 pp vs world | 39.9% | 15 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 93.2 / 100 | +15.2 pp vs world | 6.4% | 69 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 66.8 / 100 | +0.4 pp vs world | 9.9% | 165 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 19.6 / 100 | -5.2 pp vs world | 6.1% | 144 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 29.9 / 100 | -2.3 pp vs world | 18.2% | 180 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 12.7 / 100 | -23.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1994 | 19.7% | 67 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 67.5 / 100 | +15.7 pp vs world | 40.2% | 14 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 93.7 / 100 | +15.7 pp vs world | 6.1% | 86 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 58.5 / 100 | +0.2 pp vs world | 9.8% | 166 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 19.1 / 100 | -5.4 pp vs world | 5.7% | 154 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 25.0 / 100 | -2.7 pp vs world | 18.5% | 177 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 14.1 / 100 | -22.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1995 | 19.8% | 65 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 68.5 / 100 | +15.8 pp vs world | 40.8% | 14 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 93.7 / 100 | +16.3 pp vs world | 6.1% | 84 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 59.5 / 100 | +0.3 pp vs world | 9.7% | 172 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 16.2 / 100 | -5.4 pp vs world | 5.3% | 164 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 20.1 / 100 | -3.3 pp vs world | 18.3% | 178 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 13.7 / 100 | -23.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1996 | 19.5% | 65 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 68.5 / 100 | +15.4 pp vs world | 41.1% | 16 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 92.7 / 100 | +16.8 pp vs world | 6.1% | 89 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 57.1 / 100 | +0.4 pp vs world | 9.7% | 177 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 13.7 / 100 | -5.3 pp vs world | 5.3% | 166 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 19.1 / 100 | -3.3 pp vs world | 18.3% | 177 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 14.1 / 100 | -24.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1997 | 18.1% | 68 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 67.0 / 100 | +14.1 pp vs world | 41.4% | 14 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 93.7 / 100 | +17.4 pp vs world | 5.8% | 96 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 53.7 / 100 | +0.3 pp vs world | 9.9% | 176 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 14.2 / 100 | -5.1 pp vs world | 5.2% | 168 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 18.1 / 100 | -3.5 pp vs world | 19.6% | 175 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 15.1 / 100 | -23.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1998 | 17.4% | 71 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 65.5 / 100 | +13.6 pp vs world | 40.1% | 12 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 94.6 / 100 | +16.9 pp vs world | 5.9% | 93 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 55.1 / 100 | +0.4 pp vs world | 10.2% | 176 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 14.2 / 100 | -4.9 pp vs world | 5.5% | 168 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 18.1 / 100 | -3.5 pp vs world | 21.0% | 173 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 16.1 / 100 | -22.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 1999 | 16.3% | 74 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 64.0 / 100 | +12.7 pp vs world | 39.8% | 15 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 93.2 / 100 | +16.7 pp vs world | 5.7% | 92 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 55.6 / 100 | +0.3 pp vs world | 10.4% | 171 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 16.7 / 100 | -4.7 pp vs world | 5.7% | 164 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 20.1 / 100 | -3.4 pp vs world | 22.1% | 167 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 19.0 / 100 | -21.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2000 | 14.9% | 74 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 64.0 / 100 | +11.5 pp vs world | 40.1% | 18 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 91.7 / 100 | +16.6 pp vs world | 5.5% | 92 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 55.6 / 100 | +0.2 pp vs world | 10.3% | 176 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 14.2 / 100 | -4.7 pp vs world | 6.1% | 155 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 24.5 / 100 | -2.9 pp vs world | 23.0% | 165 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 20.0 / 100 | -20.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2001 | 14.2% | 76 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 63.1 / 100 | +10.8 pp vs world | 39.6% | 17 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 92.2 / 100 | +17.0 pp vs world | 5.4% | 95 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 54.1 / 100 | +0.0 pp vs world | 10.4% | 174 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 15.2 / 100 | -4.6 pp vs world | 6.2% | 161 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 21.6 / 100 | -3.0 pp vs world | 24.3% | 161 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 22.0 / 100 | -20.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2002 | 13.6% | 74 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 64.0 / 100 | +10.2 pp vs world | 39.3% | 18 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 91.7 / 100 | +17.1 pp vs world | 5.3% | 103 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 50.2 / 100 | +0.0 pp vs world | 10.5% | 174 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 15.2 / 100 | -4.4 pp vs world | 6.2% | 162 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 21.1 / 100 | -3.2 pp vs world | 25.2% | 157 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 23.9 / 100 | -19.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2003 | 12.6% | 80 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 61.1 / 100 | +9.2 pp vs world | 40.3% | 18 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 91.7 / 100 | +18.1 pp vs world | 5.5% | 97 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 53.2 / 100 | +0.1 pp vs world | 10.4% | 174 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 15.2 / 100 | -4.4 pp vs world | 5.8% | 174 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 15.2 / 100 | -3.5 pp vs world | 25.4% | 157 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 23.9 / 100 | -19.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2004 | 13.4% | 72 of 204 · highest-to-lowest | 65.0 / 100 | +9.9 pp vs world | 40.8% | 20 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 90.7 / 100 | +18.2 pp vs world | 5.4% | 104 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 49.8 / 100 | -0.0 pp vs world | 10.1% | 179 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 12.7 / 100 | -4.6 pp vs world | 8.5% | 120 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 41.7 / 100 | -1.0 pp vs world | 21.8% | 174 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 15.6 / 100 | -22.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2005 | 11.8% | 77 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 62.7 / 100 | +8.5 pp vs world | 41.1% | 21 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 90.3 / 100 | +18.0 pp vs world | 5.5% | 106 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 49.3 / 100 | -0.0 pp vs world | 9.6% | 186 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 10.2 / 100 | -5.0 pp vs world | 8.8% | 111 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 46.6 / 100 | -0.6 pp vs world | 23.3% | 160 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 23.2 / 100 | -20.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2006 | 10.8% | 82 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 60.3 / 100 | +7.5 pp vs world | 41.4% | 22 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 89.9 / 100 | +17.9 pp vs world | 5.6% | 107 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 48.8 / 100 | -0.0 pp vs world | 9.6% | 187 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 9.7 / 100 | -4.8 pp vs world | 8.7% | 110 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 47.1 / 100 | -0.6 pp vs world | 23.9% | 156 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 25.1 / 100 | -19.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2007 | 10.4% | 81 of 205 · highest-to-lowest | 60.8 / 100 | +6.9 pp vs world | 40.7% | 20 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 90.8 / 100 | +17.1 pp vs world | 5.6% | 111 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 46.9 / 100 | -0.1 pp vs world | 9.7% | 187 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 9.7 / 100 | -4.6 pp vs world | 8.4% | 123 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 40.8 / 100 | -0.9 pp vs world | 25.2% | 152 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 27.1 / 100 | -18.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2008 | 10.3% | 81 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 61.2 / 100 | +6.6 pp vs world | 40.6% | 23 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 89.5 / 100 | +16.5 pp vs world | 5.8% | 118 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 44.0 / 100 | +0.1 pp vs world | 10.1% | 183 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 12.5 / 100 | -4.1 pp vs world | 8.6% | 112 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 46.6 / 100 | -0.7 pp vs world | 24.6% | 155 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 26.3 / 100 | -18.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2009 | 9.8% | 86 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 58.7 / 100 | +6.0 pp vs world | 39.0% | 19 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 91.4 / 100 | +16.6 pp vs world | 6.4% | 89 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 57.9 / 100 | +0.8 pp vs world | 10.1% | 186 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 11.1 / 100 | -3.9 pp vs world | 7.7% | 146 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 30.3 / 100 | -1.5 pp vs world | 27.0% | 152 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 27.8 / 100 | -18.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2010 | 9.4% | 92 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 55.8 / 100 | +5.4 pp vs world | 39.4% | 22 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 90.0 / 100 | +15.7 pp vs world | 6.5% | 71 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 66.5 / 100 | +1.2 pp vs world | 10.4% | 179 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 14.4 / 100 | -3.6 pp vs world | 7.0% | 156 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 25.5 / 100 | -2.0 pp vs world | 27.2% | 148 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 29.7 / 100 | -16.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2011 | 9.3% | 91 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 56.3 / 100 | +5.1 pp vs world | 39.4% | 26 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 88.0 / 100 | +15.1 pp vs world | 6.6% | 67 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 68.4 / 100 | +1.2 pp vs world | 10.6% | 180 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 13.9 / 100 | -3.5 pp vs world | 6.8% | 157 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 25.0 / 100 | -2.1 pp vs world | 27.3% | 146 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 30.6 / 100 | -15.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2012 | 9.2% | 89 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 57.3 / 100 | +5.0 pp vs world | 38.2% | 24 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 89.0 / 100 | +14.0 pp vs world | 6.7% | 63 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 70.3 / 100 | +1.3 pp vs world | 10.8% | 178 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 14.9 / 100 | -3.3 pp vs world | 6.8% | 157 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 25.0 / 100 | -2.0 pp vs world | 28.2% | 142 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 32.5 / 100 | -15.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2013 | 9.1% | 89 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 57.3 / 100 | +4.6 pp vs world | 36.8% | 24 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 89.0 / 100 | +13.1 pp vs world | 6.8% | 69 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 67.5 / 100 | +1.3 pp vs world | 11.0% | 176 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 15.9 / 100 | -3.1 pp vs world | 6.9% | 154 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 26.4 / 100 | -2.0 pp vs world | 29.4% | 139 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 34.0 / 100 | -13.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2014 | 8.8% | 93 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 55.3 / 100 | +4.4 pp vs world | 35.6% | 22 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 90.0 / 100 | +12.2 pp vs world | 6.9% | 67 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 68.4 / 100 | +1.4 pp vs world | 11.3% | 175 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 16.3 / 100 | -2.8 pp vs world | 7.2% | 149 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 28.8 / 100 | -1.8 pp vs world | 30.2% | 137 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 34.9 / 100 | -13.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2015 | 8.5% | 94 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 54.9 / 100 | +4.1 pp vs world | 33.4% | 22 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 90.0 / 100 | +11.1 pp vs world | 6.8% | 67 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 68.4 / 100 | +1.2 pp vs world | 11.4% | 177 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 15.4 / 100 | -2.9 pp vs world | 6.9% | 161 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 23.1 / 100 | -2.3 pp vs world | 33.0% | 123 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 41.6 / 100 | -11.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2016 | 8.2% | 93 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 55.3 / 100 | +3.8 pp vs world | 32.2% | 23 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 89.5 / 100 | +10.6 pp vs world | 6.8% | 70 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 67.0 / 100 | +1.2 pp vs world | 11.5% | 175 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 16.3 / 100 | -2.8 pp vs world | 7.0% | 157 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 25.0 / 100 | -2.2 pp vs world | 34.3% | 118 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 44.0 / 100 | -10.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2017 | 7.6% | 99 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 52.4 / 100 | +3.3 pp vs world | 32.5% | 30 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 86.1 / 100 | +10.5 pp vs world | 6.8% | 68 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 67.9 / 100 | +1.1 pp vs world | 11.4% | 178 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 14.9 / 100 | -3.0 pp vs world | 7.2% | 152 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 27.4 / 100 | -2.0 pp vs world | 34.5% | 116 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 45.0 / 100 | -9.9 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2018 | 7.2% | 99 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 52.4 / 100 | +3.1 pp vs world | 32.2% | 33 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 84.7 / 100 | +9.7 pp vs world | 7.0% | 70 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 67.0 / 100 | +1.3 pp vs world | 11.3% | 178 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 14.9 / 100 | -2.9 pp vs world | 7.4% | 149 of 209 · highest-to-lowest | 28.8 / 100 | -1.8 pp vs world | 34.9% | 114 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 45.9 / 100 | -9.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2019 | 7.3% | 101 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 51.5 / 100 | +3.1 pp vs world | 30.9% | 34 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 84.2 / 100 | +9.2 pp vs world | 7.0% | 68 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 67.9 / 100 | +1.2 pp vs world | 11.4% | 176 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 16.3 / 100 | -2.8 pp vs world | 7.6% | 146 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 30.6 / 100 | -1.9 pp vs world | 35.7% | 107 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 49.3 / 100 | -8.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2020 | 7.9% | 104 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 50.0 / 100 | +3.3 pp vs world | 30.1% | 37 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 82.8 / 100 | +9.1 pp vs world | 7.0% | 70 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 67.0 / 100 | +1.2 pp vs world | 11.1% | 172 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 18.2 / 100 | -2.7 pp vs world | 7.7% | 131 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 37.8 / 100 | -1.6 pp vs world | 36.3% | 115 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 45.5 / 100 | -9.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2021 | 7.4% | 104 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 50.0 / 100 | +2.9 pp vs world | 31.5% | 38 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 82.3 / 100 | +9.2 pp vs world | 6.8% | 69 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 67.5 / 100 | +1.0 pp vs world | 11.4% | 169 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 19.6 / 100 | -2.6 pp vs world | 8.0% | 121 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 42.6 / 100 | -1.5 pp vs world | 35.0% | 116 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 45.0 / 100 | -9.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2022 | 7.5% | 101 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 51.5 / 100 | +3.0 pp vs world | 31.5% | 45 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 78.9 / 100 | +8.7 pp vs world | 6.6% | 70 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 67.0 / 100 | +0.9 pp vs world | 11.5% | 168 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 20.1 / 100 | -2.8 pp vs world | 8.3% | 114 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 45.9 / 100 | -1.3 pp vs world | 34.7% | 109 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 48.3 / 100 | -8.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2023 | 7.3% | 99 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 52.4 / 100 | +2.9 pp vs world | 30.3% | 43 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 79.9 / 100 | +8.6 pp vs world | 6.7% | 71 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 66.5 / 100 | +0.9 pp vs world | 11.9% | 167 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 20.6 / 100 | -2.6 pp vs world | 8.8% | 110 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 47.8 / 100 | -0.9 pp vs world | 35.1% | 116 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 45.0 / 100 | -9.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2024 | 7.2% | 101 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 51.5 / 100 | +2.9 pp vs world | 30.1% | 43 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 79.9 / 100 | +8.9 pp vs world | 6.7% | 74 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 65.1 / 100 | +0.9 pp vs world | 12.1% | 169 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 19.6 / 100 | -2.4 pp vs world | 9.1% | 104 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 50.7 / 100 | -0.7 pp vs world | 35.0% | 115 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 45.5 / 100 | -9.5 pp vs world |
Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).
09 · Manufacturing position
What role does manufacturing play at home and in the world?
Domestic share, its place inside the parent industry, real growth, specialization and world contribution are kept together.
Full historical record
Manufacturing in the economic structure
Manufacturing accounts for 25.0% of total gross value added in 2024. In 2024, China (mainland) was 9.3 percentage points above the world value.
- Latest share
- 25.0%
- World specialization
- 1.60×
- Latest year
- 2024
Unavailable
Change: Unavailable32.4% → 31.6%
Percentage-point change: -0.8 pp31.6% → 25.0%
Percentage-point change: -6.6 ppManufacturing annual rates, ranks and specialization table21 annual rows
Manufacturing's annual structural, growth and world-position measures. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.
Showing 21 of 21 rows
| China (mainland) | 2004 | 32.4% | 5 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 98.0 / 100 | +15.1 pp vs world | 79.4% | 70 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 66.3 / 100 | +2.8 pp vs world | Source observation unavailable | Not calculable without a source observation | Not calculable without a source observation | Comparable world observation unavailable | 8.6% | 3 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | -91.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2005 | 32.0% | 5 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +14.9 pp vs world | 77.8% | 80 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 61.8 / 100 | +3.9 pp vs world | 9.5% | 40 of 206 · highest-to-lowest | 81.0 / 100 | +5.2 pp vs world | 9.5% | 3 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | -90.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2006 | 32.3% | 5 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +15.2 pp vs world | 78.0% | 79 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 62.3 / 100 | +5.5 pp vs world | 13.1% | 31 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 85.4 / 100 | +6.5 pp vs world | 10.7% | 3 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 99.0 / 100 | -89.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2007 | 32.2% | 5 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +15.1 pp vs world | 79.1% | 69 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 67.1 / 100 | +6.7 pp vs world | 16.6% | 20 of 207 · highest-to-lowest | 90.8 / 100 | +10.6 pp vs world | 12.3% | 2 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -87.7 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2008 | 32.0% | 5 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +15.1 pp vs world | 78.7% | 69 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 67.5 / 100 | +8.8 pp vs world | 9.4% | 32 of 208 · highest-to-lowest | 85.0 / 100 | +8.2 pp vs world | 14.5% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -85.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2009 | 31.7% | 5 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +15.5 pp vs world | 81.4% | 55 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 74.2 / 100 | +8.8 pp vs world | 12.8% | 17 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 92.3 / 100 | +19.2 pp vs world | 17.5% | 2 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 99.5 / 100 | -82.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2010 | 31.6% | 5 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 98.1 / 100 | +14.8 pp vs world | 80.2% | 57 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 73.2 / 100 | +9.4 pp vs world | 10.9% | 44 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 79.4 / 100 | +1.9 pp vs world | 18.4% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -81.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2011 | 31.6% | 6 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | +14.7 pp vs world | 80.2% | 54 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 74.6 / 100 | +10.9 pp vs world | 10.9% | 33 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 84.7 / 100 | +6.5 pp vs world | 20.4% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -79.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2012 | 31.0% | 7 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | +14.3 pp vs world | 81.3% | 47 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 78.0 / 100 | +11.8 pp vs world | 9.6% | 27 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 87.6 / 100 | +7.2 pp vs world | 22.2% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -77.8 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2013 | 30.1% | 7 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 97.1 / 100 | +13.5 pp vs world | 81.8% | 43 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 79.9 / 100 | +11.8 pp vs world | 8.4% | 31 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 85.6 / 100 | +5.3 pp vs world | 23.7% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -76.3 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2014 | 29.7% | 6 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 97.6 / 100 | +13.0 pp vs world | 83.6% | 38 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 82.3 / 100 | +11.9 pp vs world | 9.2% | 39 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 81.8 / 100 | +5.0 pp vs world | 24.8% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -75.2 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2015 | 28.4% | 8 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 96.7 / 100 | +11.4 pp vs world | 84.9% | 31 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 85.6 / 100 | +8.7 pp vs world | 7.2% | 47 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 78.0 / 100 | +3.6 pp vs world | 26.0% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -74.0 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2016 | 27.5% | 8 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 96.7 / 100 | +10.8 pp vs world | 85.4% | 28 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 87.1 / 100 | +8.0 pp vs world | 6.3% | 50 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 76.6 / 100 | +3.8 pp vs world | 25.5% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -74.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2017 | 27.6% | 8 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 96.7 / 100 | +10.9 pp vs world | 85.0% | 31 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 85.6 / 100 | +8.9 pp vs world | 5.8% | 66 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 68.9 / 100 | +2.4 pp vs world | 26.4% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -73.6 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2018 | 27.3% | 8 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 96.7 / 100 | +10.5 pp vs world | 85.0% | 35 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 83.7 / 100 | +10.0 pp vs world | 6.1% | 62 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 70.8 / 100 | +2.1 pp vs world | 27.6% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -72.4 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2019 | 26.2% | 9 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 96.2 / 100 | +9.8 pp vs world | 84.7% | 33 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 84.7 / 100 | +9.1 pp vs world | 4.4% | 61 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 71.3 / 100 | +3.0 pp vs world | 27.5% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -72.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2020 | 25.6% | 10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 95.7 / 100 | +9.3 pp vs world | 85.1% | 30 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 86.1 / 100 | +7.5 pp vs world | 2.3% | 33 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 84.7 / 100 | +4.7 pp vs world | 28.5% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -71.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2021 | 26.6% | 11 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 95.2 / 100 | +9.8 pp vs world | 84.5% | 36 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 83.3 / 100 | +9.0 pp vs world | 9.9% | 63 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 70.3 / 100 | +0.9 pp vs world | 30.5% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -69.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2022 | 26.0% | 13 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 94.3 / 100 | +9.6 pp vs world | 82.5% | 44 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 79.4 / 100 | +10.6 pp vs world | 2.2% | 125 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 40.7 / 100 | +0.2 pp vs world | 29.5% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -70.5 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2023 | 25.0% | 14 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 93.8 / 100 | +9.1 pp vs world | 82.6% | 40 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 81.3 / 100 | +9.1 pp vs world | 3.9% | 64 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 69.9 / 100 | +2.3 pp vs world | 27.9% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -72.1 pp vs world |
| China (mainland) | 2024 | 25.0% | 13 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 94.3 / 100 | +9.3 pp vs world | 83.2% | 38 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 82.3 / 100 | +9.1 pp vs world | 5.7% | 49 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 77.0 / 100 | +2.7 pp vs world | 28.1% | 1 of 210 · highest-to-lowest | 100.0 / 100 | -71.9 pp vs world |
Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).
Interpretation note
Manufacturing is part of mining, manufacturing and utilities; it is not a seventh broad-industry slice. Share and real growth describe different dimensions.
Current manufacturing specialization
Asia1.15×
Eastern Asia1.02×
World1.60×