01 · Economic overview

What should a reader know first?

Latest values orient the reader; the three-era analysis below shows how the economic record developed.

Nominal GDP$406.86B2024 · Latest current-price total · World rank 39 of 210

Real GDP growth2.5%2024 · Latest constant-price annual change · Constant-price annual change

GDP per capita$54,8712024 · Current U.S. dollars; not PPP adjusted · Current U.S. dollars; not PPP adjusted

Share of world GDP0.4%2024 · Share of the official world total · Official world aggregate denominator

Largest broad activity64.3%2024 · Largest broad production activity · Other activities

Manufacturing1.0%2024 · Share of total gross value added · World gap −14.7 pp

Economic overview annual rank and index table55 annual rows

Annual core economic measures, world ranks and comparable world indices. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

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From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Economic overview annual rank and index table

China, Hong Kong SAR	1970	$3.81B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	$1,019	Not published	Not published	109.8 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1971	$4.46B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	7.3%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	$1,118	Not published	Not published	111.7 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1972	$5.71B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	10.6%	Not published	Not published	+5.3 pp vs world	$1,387	Not published	Not published	122.7 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1973	$8.03B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	12.3%	Not published	Not published	+5.8 pp vs world	$1,901	Not published	Not published	141.0 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1974	$9.39B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	2.4%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	$2,168	Not published	Not published	144.6 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1975	$10.05B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world	$2,264	Not published	Not published	137.6 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1976	$12.88B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	16.2%	Not published	Not published	+11.0 pp vs world	$2,833	Not published	Not published	162.1 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1977	$15.72B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	11.7%	Not published	Not published	+7.6 pp vs world	$3,380	Not published	Not published	174.9 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1978	$18.32B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	8.3%	Not published	Not published	+3.9 pp vs world	$3,853	Not published	Not published	171.2 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1979	$22.53B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	11.6%	Not published	Not published	+7.5 pp vs world	$4,637	Not published	Not published	182.2 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1980	$28.86B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	10.1%	Not published	Not published	+8.2 pp vs world	$5,816	Not published	Not published	208.4 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1981	$31.06B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	9.3%	Not published	Not published	+7.3 pp vs world	$6,136	Not published	Not published	219.1 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1982	$32.29B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	2.9%	Not published	Not published	+2.5 pp vs world	$6,270	Not published	Not published	229.7 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1983	$29.91B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	6.0%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	$5,713	Not published	Not published	207.9 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1984	$33.51B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	10.0%	Not published	Not published	+5.3 pp vs world	$6,304	Not published	Not published	227.1 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1985	$35.70B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-2.8 pp vs world	$6,620	Not published	Not published	236.4 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1986	$41.08B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	11.1%	Not published	Not published	+7.9 pp vs world	$7,535	Not published	Not published	237.6 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1987	$50.62B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	13.4%	Not published	Not published	+9.8 pp vs world	$9,227	Not published	Not published	262.0 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1988	$59.71B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	8.5%	Not published	Not published	+4.0 pp vs world	$10,827	Not published	Not published	279.8 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1989	$68.79B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	2.3%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	$12,416	Not published	Not published	312.4 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1990	$76.93B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	3.8%	Not published	Not published	+0.8 pp vs world	$13,835	Not published	Not published	318.9 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1991	$88.96B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	5.7%	Not published	Not published	+4.5 pp vs world	$15,806	Not published	Not published	352.8 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1992	$104.27B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	6.2%	Not published	Not published	+4.2 pp vs world	$18,104	Not published	Not published	383.7 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1993	$120.35B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	6.2%	Not published	Not published	+4.5 pp vs world	$20,390	Not published	Not published	430.6 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1994	$135.81B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	6.0%	Not published	Not published	+2.7 pp vs world	$22,477	Not published	Not published	451.6 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1995	$144.65B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	2.4%	Not published	Not published	-0.7 pp vs world	$23,417	Not published	Not published	430.5 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1996	$159.72B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	4.3%	Not published	Not published	+0.7 pp vs world	$25,342	Not published	Not published	462.7 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1997	$177.35B	Not published	Not published	0.6 (world = 100)	5.1%	Not published	Not published	+1.2 pp vs world	$27,639	Not published	Not published	514.1 (world = 100)	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-99.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1998	$168.89B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	-5.9%	Not published	Not published	-8.7 pp vs world	$25,897	Not published	Not published	491.4 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1999	$165.77B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	2.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.1 pp vs world	$25,054	Not published	Not published	463.7 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2000	$171.67B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	7.7%	Not published	Not published	+3.2 pp vs world	$25,604	Not published	Not published	466.4 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2001	$169.40B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	$25,007	Not published	Not published	464.2 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2002	$166.35B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	1.7%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world	$24,386	Not published	Not published	441.0 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2003	$161.39B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	3.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.0 pp vs world	$23,529	Not published	Not published	384.2 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2004	$169.10B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	8.7%	Not published	Not published	+4.3 pp vs world	$24,549	Not published	Not published	360.6 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2005	$181.57B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	7.4%	Not published	Not published	+3.4 pp vs world	$26,282	Not published	Not published	360.7 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2006	$193.54B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	7.0%	Not published	Not published	+2.6 pp vs world	$27,923	Not published	Not published	358.1 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2007	$211.60B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	6.5%	Not published	Not published	+2.1 pp vs world	$30,352	Not published	Not published	349.5 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2008	$219.28B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	2.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	$31,233	Not published	Not published	331.7 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2009	$214.05B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	-2.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.1 pp vs world	$30,299	Not published	Not published	343.5 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2010	$228.64B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	6.8%	Not published	Not published	+2.3 pp vs world	$32,195	Not published	Not published	337.5 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2011	$248.51B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	4.8%	Not published	Not published	+1.5 pp vs world	$34,791	Not published	Not published	331.9 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2012	$262.63B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	1.7%	Not published	Not published	-1.0 pp vs world	$36,471	Not published	Not published	345.0 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2013	$275.70B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	3.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	$37,952	Not published	Not published	353.0 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2014	$291.46B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	2.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world	$39,820	Not published	Not published	365.3 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2015	$309.39B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	2.4%	Not published	Not published	-0.8 pp vs world	$42,000	Not published	Not published	412.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2016	$320.86B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	2.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.6 pp vs world	$43,313	Not published	Not published	423.3 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2017	$341.27B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	3.8%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world	$45,840	Not published	Not published	425.8 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2018	$361.73B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	2.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.4 pp vs world	$48,417	Not published	Not published	428.2 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2019	$363.07B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	-1.7%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	$48,502	Not published	Not published	427.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2020	$344.94B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	-6.5%	Not published	Not published	-3.6 pp vs world	$46,052	Not published	Not published	420.2 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2021	$368.95B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	6.5%	Not published	Not published	+0.0 pp vs world	$49,295	Not published	Not published	397.1 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2022	$358.68B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	-3.7%	Not published	Not published	-7.0 pp vs world	$48,042	Not published	Not published	375.2 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2023	$381.04B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	3.2%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	$51,197	Not published	Not published	386.3 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2024	$406.86B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	2.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world	$54,871	Not published	Not published	401.3 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

The long view

Real output, indexed to a shared starting year

Indexing allows the country and benchmark trajectories to be compared without confusing their very different economic sizes.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

China, Hong Kong SARAsiaEastern AsiaWorldConstant prices · U.S. dollars · index, shared start = 100

02 · Economic size and world position

How large is the economy, and where does it sit globally?

Nominal scale, real volume and share of world output provide three distinct views of economic size.

Full historical record

Nominal GDP

Nominal scale, real volume and share of world output provide three distinct views of economic size.

China, Hong Kong SAR is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

China, Hong Kong SAREastern AsiaAsiaWorldCurrent prices · U.S. dollars

Formation1970–1990

$3.81B → $76.93B

Compound annual change: +16.2% CAGR

Integration1990–2010

$76.93B → $228.64B

Compound annual change: +5.6% CAGR

Current era2010–2024

$228.64B → $406.86B

Compound annual change: +4.2% CAGR

Nominal GDP$406.86B2024 · Published series · World rank 39 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Real GDP$374.23B2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Share of world GDP0.4%2024 · Derived measure · World rank unavailable

Economic size and world position: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the economic size and world position section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Economic size and world position: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

China, Hong Kong SAR	1970	$3.81B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	$29.87B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1971	$4.46B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	$32.05B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1972	$5.71B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	$35.45B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1973	$8.03B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	$39.80B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1974	$9.39B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	$40.76B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1975	$10.05B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	$40.96B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1976	$12.88B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	$47.59B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1977	$15.72B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	$53.17B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1978	$18.32B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	$57.56B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1979	$22.53B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	$64.21B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1980	$28.86B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	$70.70B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1981	$31.06B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	$77.25B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1982	$32.29B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	$79.53B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1983	$29.91B	Not published	Not published	0.2 (world = 100)	$84.28B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1984	$33.51B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	$92.68B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1985	$35.70B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	$93.39B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1986	$41.08B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	$103.71B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1987	$50.62B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	$117.61B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1988	$59.71B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	$127.62B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1989	$68.79B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	$130.52B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1990	$76.93B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	$135.52B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1991	$88.96B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$143.25B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1992	$104.27B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$152.18B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1993	$120.35B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	$161.62B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1994	$135.81B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	$171.37B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1995	$144.65B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	$175.44B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1996	$159.72B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	$182.91B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1997	$177.35B	Not published	Not published	0.6 (world = 100)	$192.24B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-99.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1998	$168.89B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	$180.93B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1999	$165.77B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	$185.47B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2000	$171.67B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	$199.68B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2001	$169.40B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	$200.80B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2002	$166.35B	Not published	Not published	0.5 (world = 100)	$204.13B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-99.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2003	$161.39B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$210.37B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2004	$169.10B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$228.67B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2005	$181.57B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$245.56B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2006	$193.54B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$262.83B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2007	$211.60B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$279.82B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2008	$219.28B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	$285.78B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2009	$214.05B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$278.75B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2010	$228.64B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	$297.62B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2011	$248.51B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	$311.94B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2012	$262.63B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	$317.25B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2013	$275.70B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$327.09B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2014	$291.46B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$336.12B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2015	$309.39B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$344.15B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2016	$320.86B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$351.64B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2017	$341.27B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$364.98B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2018	$361.73B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$375.38B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2019	$363.07B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$369.10B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2020	$344.94B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$344.94B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2021	$368.95B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$367.20B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2022	$358.68B	Not published	Not published	0.3 (world = 100)	$353.68B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2023	$381.04B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$365.08B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2024	$406.86B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	$374.23B	Not published	Not published	0.4 (world = 100)	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-99.6 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

Current U.S.-dollar GDP reflects domestic prices and exchange rates as well as production. It is not PPP adjusted.

Latest common comparison

Asia$40.60T2024

Eastern Asia$25.94T2024

World$111.57T2024

03 · Output and income per person

What does the record show per person?

Current and constant-price per-person measures separate present-dollar scale from real change.

Full historical record

GDP per person

Current and constant-price per-person measures separate present-dollar scale from real change.

China, Hong Kong SAR is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

China, Hong Kong SAREastern AsiaAsiaWorldCurrent prices · U.S. dollars per person

Formation1970–1990

$1,019 → $13,835

Compound annual change: +13.9% CAGR

Integration1990–2010

$13,835 → $32,195

Compound annual change: +4.3% CAGR

Current era2010–2024

$32,195 → $54,871

Compound annual change: +3.9% CAGR

GDP per person$54,8712024 · Published series · World rank 25 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Real GDP per person$50,4692024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Output and income per person: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the output and income per person section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Output and income per person: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

China, Hong Kong SAR	1970	$1,019	Not published	Not published	109.8 (world = 100)	$7,987	Not published	Not published	153.9 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1971	$1,118	Not published	Not published	111.7 (world = 100)	$8,034	Not published	Not published	151.6 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1972	$1,387	Not published	Not published	122.7 (world = 100)	$8,610	Not published	Not published	157.3 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1973	$1,901	Not published	Not published	141.0 (world = 100)	$9,425	Not published	Not published	164.9 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1974	$2,168	Not published	Not published	144.6 (world = 100)	$9,413	Not published	Not published	164.4 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1975	$2,264	Not published	Not published	137.6 (world = 100)	$9,230	Not published	Not published	162.9 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1976	$2,833	Not published	Not published	162.1 (world = 100)	$10,470	Not published	Not published	178.8 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1977	$3,380	Not published	Not published	174.9 (world = 100)	$11,432	Not published	Not published	190.8 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1978	$3,853	Not published	Not published	171.2 (world = 100)	$12,107	Not published	Not published	197.0 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1979	$4,637	Not published	Not published	182.2 (world = 100)	$13,218	Not published	Not published	210.4 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1980	$5,816	Not published	Not published	208.4 (world = 100)	$14,247	Not published	Not published	226.5 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1981	$6,136	Not published	Not published	219.1 (world = 100)	$15,263	Not published	Not published	242.4 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1982	$6,270	Not published	Not published	229.7 (world = 100)	$15,442	Not published	Not published	248.6 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1983	$5,713	Not published	Not published	207.9 (world = 100)	$16,099	Not published	Not published	256.6 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1984	$6,304	Not published	Not published	227.1 (world = 100)	$17,435	Not published	Not published	270.3 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1985	$6,620	Not published	Not published	236.4 (world = 100)	$17,316	Not published	Not published	264.0 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1986	$7,535	Not published	Not published	237.6 (world = 100)	$19,024	Not published	Not published	286.3 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1987	$9,227	Not published	Not published	262.0 (world = 100)	$21,436	Not published	Not published	317.0 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1988	$10,827	Not published	Not published	279.8 (world = 100)	$23,140	Not published	Not published	333.4 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1989	$12,416	Not published	Not published	312.4 (world = 100)	$23,558	Not published	Not published	333.1 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1990	$13,835	Not published	Not published	318.9 (world = 100)	$24,372	Not published	Not published	340.5 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1991	$15,806	Not published	Not published	352.8 (world = 100)	$25,453	Not published	Not published	357.3 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1992	$18,104	Not published	Not published	383.7 (world = 100)	$26,422	Not published	Not published	369.3 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1993	$20,390	Not published	Not published	430.6 (world = 100)	$27,381	Not published	Not published	382.0 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1994	$22,477	Not published	Not published	451.6 (world = 100)	$28,362	Not published	Not published	388.9 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1995	$23,417	Not published	Not published	430.5 (world = 100)	$28,402	Not published	Not published	383.3 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1996	$25,342	Not published	Not published	462.7 (world = 100)	$29,022	Not published	Not published	383.7 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1997	$27,639	Not published	Not published	514.1 (world = 100)	$29,960	Not published	Not published	386.6 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1998	$25,897	Not published	Not published	491.4 (world = 100)	$27,745	Not published	Not published	353.1 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	1999	$25,054	Not published	Not published	463.7 (world = 100)	$28,031	Not published	Not published	349.1 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2000	$25,604	Not published	Not published	466.4 (world = 100)	$29,782	Not published	Not published	359.9 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2001	$25,007	Not published	Not published	464.2 (world = 100)	$29,642	Not published	Not published	355.6 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2002	$24,386	Not published	Not published	441.0 (world = 100)	$29,924	Not published	Not published	355.9 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2003	$23,529	Not published	Not published	384.2 (world = 100)	$30,670	Not published	Not published	358.7 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2004	$24,549	Not published	Not published	360.6 (world = 100)	$33,197	Not published	Not published	376.7 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2005	$26,282	Not published	Not published	360.7 (world = 100)	$35,545	Not published	Not published	392.9 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2006	$27,923	Not published	Not published	358.1 (world = 100)	$37,921	Not published	Not published	406.5 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2007	$30,352	Not published	Not published	349.5 (world = 100)	$40,139	Not published	Not published	417.7 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2008	$31,233	Not published	Not published	331.7 (world = 100)	$40,705	Not published	Not published	420.6 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2009	$30,299	Not published	Not published	343.5 (world = 100)	$39,458	Not published	Not published	418.9 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2010	$32,195	Not published	Not published	337.5 (world = 100)	$41,908	Not published	Not published	431.4 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2011	$34,791	Not published	Not published	331.9 (world = 100)	$43,672	Not published	Not published	440.8 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2012	$36,471	Not published	Not published	345.0 (world = 100)	$44,056	Not published	Not published	438.3 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2013	$37,952	Not published	Not published	353.0 (world = 100)	$45,027	Not published	Not published	441.2 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2014	$39,820	Not published	Not published	365.3 (world = 100)	$45,922	Not published	Not published	442.0 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2015	$42,000	Not published	Not published	412.4 (world = 100)	$46,719	Not published	Not published	441.2 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2016	$43,313	Not published	Not published	423.3 (world = 100)	$47,467	Not published	Not published	441.4 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2017	$45,840	Not published	Not published	425.8 (world = 100)	$49,025	Not published	Not published	445.9 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2018	$48,417	Not published	Not published	428.2 (world = 100)	$50,243	Not published	Not published	447.5 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2019	$48,502	Not published	Not published	427.4 (world = 100)	$49,306	Not published	Not published	432.4 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2020	$46,052	Not published	Not published	420.2 (world = 100)	$46,052	Not published	Not published	420.2 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2021	$49,295	Not published	Not published	397.1 (world = 100)	$49,061	Not published	Not published	424.2 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2022	$48,042	Not published	Not published	375.2 (world = 100)	$47,372	Not published	Not published	399.8 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2023	$51,197	Not published	Not published	386.3 (world = 100)	$49,052	Not published	Not published	405.8 (world = 100)
China, Hong Kong SAR	2024	$54,871	Not published	Not published	401.3 (world = 100)	$50,469	Not published	Not published	409.5 (world = 100)

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

GDP per person is an accounting average, not a measure of household income distribution or living costs.

Latest common comparison

Asia$8,4482024

Eastern Asia$15,6702024

World$13,6732024

04 · Real growth and output prices

How quickly has real activity changed, and how have output prices moved?

Real GDP growth, per-person growth and the implicit deflator answer different questions.

Full historical record

Real GDP growth

Real GDP growth, per-person growth and the implicit deflator answer different questions.

China, Hong Kong SAR is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

China, Hong Kong SAREastern AsiaAsiaWorldConstant prices · percent

Formation1970–1990

7.3% → 3.8%

Average annual rate: +7.9%

Integration1990–2010

3.8% → 6.8%

Average annual rate: +4.1%

Current era2010–2024

6.8% → 2.5%

Average annual rate: +2.0%

Real GDP growth2.5%2024 · Published series · World rank 132 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Real GDP-per-person growth2.9%2024 · Published series · World rank 84 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Implicit GDP deflator109.42024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Real growth and output prices: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the real growth and output prices section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Real growth and output prices: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

China, Hong Kong SAR	1970	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	10.0	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1971	7.3%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	10.7	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1972	10.6%	Not published	Not published	+5.3 pp vs world	7.2%	Not published	Not published	+3.9 pp vs world	11.7	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1973	12.3%	Not published	Not published	+5.8 pp vs world	9.5%	Not published	Not published	+5.1 pp vs world	13.4	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1974	2.4%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	-0.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world	14.9	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1975	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world	-1.9%	Not published	Not published	-0.9 pp vs world	15.6	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1976	16.2%	Not published	Not published	+11.0 pp vs world	13.4%	Not published	Not published	+10.1 pp vs world	17.1	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1977	11.7%	Not published	Not published	+7.6 pp vs world	9.2%	Not published	Not published	+6.9 pp vs world	17.8	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1978	8.3%	Not published	Not published	+3.9 pp vs world	5.9%	Not published	Not published	+3.3 pp vs world	19.2	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1979	11.6%	Not published	Not published	+7.5 pp vs world	9.2%	Not published	Not published	+7.0 pp vs world	22.6	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1980	10.1%	Not published	Not published	+8.2 pp vs world	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+7.7 pp vs world	26.2	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1981	9.3%	Not published	Not published	+7.3 pp vs world	7.1%	Not published	Not published	+7.0 pp vs world	29.0	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1982	2.9%	Not published	Not published	+2.5 pp vs world	1.2%	Not published	Not published	+2.5 pp vs world	31.8	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1983	6.0%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	4.3%	Not published	Not published	+3.3 pp vs world	33.2	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1984	10.0%	Not published	Not published	+5.3 pp vs world	8.3%	Not published	Not published	+5.5 pp vs world	36.4	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1985	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-2.8 pp vs world	-0.7%	Not published	Not published	-2.4 pp vs world	38.4	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1986	11.1%	Not published	Not published	+7.9 pp vs world	9.9%	Not published	Not published	+8.5 pp vs world	39.8	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1987	13.4%	Not published	Not published	+9.8 pp vs world	12.7%	Not published	Not published	+10.9 pp vs world	43.3	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1988	8.5%	Not published	Not published	+4.0 pp vs world	8.0%	Not published	Not published	+5.3 pp vs world	47.1	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1989	2.3%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	1.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.1 pp vs world	53.0	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1990	3.8%	Not published	Not published	+0.8 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	+2.2 pp vs world	57.0	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1991	5.7%	Not published	Not published	+4.5 pp vs world	4.4%	Not published	Not published	+4.9 pp vs world	62.2	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1992	6.2%	Not published	Not published	+4.2 pp vs world	3.8%	Not published	Not published	+3.4 pp vs world	68.4	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1993	6.2%	Not published	Not published	+4.5 pp vs world	3.6%	Not published	Not published	+3.5 pp vs world	74.3	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1994	6.0%	Not published	Not published	+2.7 pp vs world	3.6%	Not published	Not published	+1.8 pp vs world	79.0	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1995	2.4%	Not published	Not published	-0.7 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	82.2	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1996	4.3%	Not published	Not published	+0.7 pp vs world	2.2%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	87.1	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1997	5.1%	Not published	Not published	+1.2 pp vs world	3.2%	Not published	Not published	+0.8 pp vs world	92.1	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1998	-5.9%	Not published	Not published	-8.7 pp vs world	-7.4%	Not published	Not published	-8.8 pp vs world	93.2	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	1999	2.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.1 pp vs world	1.0%	Not published	Not published	-1.1 pp vs world	89.4	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2000	7.7%	Not published	Not published	+3.2 pp vs world	6.2%	Not published	Not published	+3.2 pp vs world	86.3	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2001	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	-0.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.2 pp vs world	84.8	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2002	1.7%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world	1.0%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	81.9	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2003	3.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.0 pp vs world	2.5%	Not published	Not published	+0.8 pp vs world	77.0	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2004	8.7%	Not published	Not published	+4.3 pp vs world	8.2%	Not published	Not published	+5.2 pp vs world	74.2	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2005	7.4%	Not published	Not published	+3.4 pp vs world	7.1%	Not published	Not published	+4.4 pp vs world	74.1	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2006	7.0%	Not published	Not published	+2.6 pp vs world	6.7%	Not published	Not published	+3.6 pp vs world	73.7	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2007	6.5%	Not published	Not published	+2.1 pp vs world	5.9%	Not published	Not published	+2.8 pp vs world	76.0	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2008	2.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	1.4%	Not published	Not published	+0.7 pp vs world	77.0	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2009	-2.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.1 pp vs world	-3.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.4 pp vs world	76.7	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2010	6.8%	Not published	Not published	+2.3 pp vs world	6.2%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	76.9	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2011	4.8%	Not published	Not published	+1.5 pp vs world	4.2%	Not published	Not published	+2.2 pp vs world	79.9	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2012	1.7%	Not published	Not published	-1.0 pp vs world	0.9%	Not published	Not published	-0.6 pp vs world	82.8	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2013	3.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	2.2%	Not published	Not published	+0.7 pp vs world	84.3	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2014	2.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world	2.0%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	86.7	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2015	2.4%	Not published	Not published	-0.8 pp vs world	1.7%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world	89.8	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2016	2.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.6 pp vs world	1.6%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	91.3	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2017	3.8%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world	3.3%	Not published	Not published	+1.0 pp vs world	93.9	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2018	2.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.4 pp vs world	2.5%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world	97.4	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2019	-1.7%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	-1.9%	Not published	Not published	-3.4 pp vs world	99.4	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2020	-6.5%	Not published	Not published	-3.6 pp vs world	-6.6%	Not published	Not published	-2.7 pp vs world	100.0	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2021	6.5%	Not published	Not published	+0.0 pp vs world	6.5%	Not published	Not published	+1.0 pp vs world	100.7	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2022	-3.7%	Not published	Not published	-7.0 pp vs world	-3.4%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	102.4	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2023	3.2%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	+1.5 pp vs world	105.3	Not published	Not published
China, Hong Kong SAR	2024	2.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world	2.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.9 pp vs world	109.4	Not published	Not published

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

The implicit GDP deflator covers domestically produced output and is not a consumer price index. Annual growth can be volatile.

Latest common comparison

Asia3.9%2024

Eastern Asia3.7%2024

World2.8%2024

05 · Consumption and domestic demand

How is output used for consumption and domestic demand?

Household and government consumption sit inside final consumption; domestic demand also includes capital formation.

Full historical record

Final Consumption

Household and government consumption sit inside final consumption; domestic demand also includes capital formation.

China, Hong Kong SAR is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

China, Hong Kong SAREastern AsiaAsiaWorldCurrent prices · national currency · percent

Formation1970–1990

71.9% → 64.3%

Percentage-point change: -7.6 pp

Integration1990–2010

64.3% → 70.2%

Percentage-point change: +5.9 pp

Current era2010–2024

70.2% → 80.1%

Percentage-point change: +9.9 pp

Final consumption80.1%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Household consumption67.3%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Government consumption12.8%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Domestic demand95.9%2024 · Derived measure · World rank unavailable

Consumption and domestic demand: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the consumption and domestic demand section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Consumption and domestic demand: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

China, Hong Kong SAR	1970	71.9%	Not published	Not published	-0.8 pp vs world	66.2%	Not published	Not published	+9.2 pp vs world	5.7%	Not published	Not published	-9.9 pp vs world	92.3%	Not published	Not published	-8.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1971	71.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.6 pp vs world	66.2%	Not published	Not published	+9.2 pp vs world	5.3%	Not published	Not published	-10.6 pp vs world	95.8%	Not published	Not published	-4.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1972	68.6%	Not published	Not published	-4.2 pp vs world	63.3%	Not published	Not published	+6.5 pp vs world	5.3%	Not published	Not published	-10.6 pp vs world	92.1%	Not published	Not published	-8.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1973	70.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.9 pp vs world	65.6%	Not published	Not published	+9.7 pp vs world	5.2%	Not published	Not published	-10.4 pp vs world	93.7%	Not published	Not published	-6.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1974	71.0%	Not published	Not published	-0.7 pp vs world	65.2%	Not published	Not published	+9.5 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-10.2 pp vs world	95.2%	Not published	Not published	-5.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1975	71.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.2 pp vs world	65.5%	Not published	Not published	+8.9 pp vs world	6.0%	Not published	Not published	-10.9 pp vs world	94.4%	Not published	Not published	-6.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1976	63.9%	Not published	Not published	-9.0 pp vs world	58.5%	Not published	Not published	+2.4 pp vs world	5.4%	Not published	Not published	-11.2 pp vs world	89.3%	Not published	Not published	-11.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1977	66.9%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	61.4%	Not published	Not published	+5.2 pp vs world	5.6%	Not published	Not published	-11.0 pp vs world	93.5%	Not published	Not published	-7.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1978	70.3%	Not published	Not published	-2.4 pp vs world	64.6%	Not published	Not published	+8.6 pp vs world	5.7%	Not published	Not published	-10.9 pp vs world	99.0%	Not published	Not published	-2.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1979	66.1%	Not published	Not published	-6.5 pp vs world	60.6%	Not published	Not published	+4.5 pp vs world	5.5%	Not published	Not published	-10.9 pp vs world	98.7%	Not published	Not published	-2.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1980	65.7%	Not published	Not published	-7.5 pp vs world	60.0%	Not published	Not published	+3.6 pp vs world	5.6%	Not published	Not published	-11.0 pp vs world	100.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1981	66.6%	Not published	Not published	-6.8 pp vs world	59.8%	Not published	Not published	+3.2 pp vs world	6.8%	Not published	Not published	-9.9 pp vs world	101.5%	Not published	Not published	+0.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1982	68.5%	Not published	Not published	-6.2 pp vs world	61.2%	Not published	Not published	+3.8 pp vs world	7.2%	Not published	Not published	-9.9 pp vs world	99.4%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1983	71.5%	Not published	Not published	-3.5 pp vs world	64.1%	Not published	Not published	+6.3 pp vs world	7.4%	Not published	Not published	-9.6 pp vs world	98.2%	Not published	Not published	-2.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1984	67.6%	Not published	Not published	-6.8 pp vs world	60.8%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	6.8%	Not published	Not published	-9.8 pp vs world	92.0%	Not published	Not published	-8.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1985	68.5%	Not published	Not published	-6.4 pp vs world	61.5%	Not published	Not published	+3.3 pp vs world	7.0%	Not published	Not published	-9.6 pp vs world	90.0%	Not published	Not published	-10.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1986	67.5%	Not published	Not published	-7.8 pp vs world	60.5%	Not published	Not published	+2.2 pp vs world	7.0%	Not published	Not published	-9.9 pp vs world	90.9%	Not published	Not published	-9.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1987	63.5%	Not published	Not published	-11.6 pp vs world	57.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.9 pp vs world	6.3%	Not published	Not published	-10.6 pp vs world	89.6%	Not published	Not published	-11.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1988	62.7%	Not published	Not published	-11.7 pp vs world	56.6%	Not published	Not published	-1.2 pp vs world	6.1%	Not published	Not published	-10.4 pp vs world	91.1%	Not published	Not published	-9.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1989	62.0%	Not published	Not published	-12.1 pp vs world	55.7%	Not published	Not published	-2.0 pp vs world	6.3%	Not published	Not published	-10.0 pp vs world	88.5%	Not published	Not published	-11.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1990	64.3%	Not published	Not published	-10.5 pp vs world	57.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.6 pp vs world	6.8%	Not published	Not published	-9.8 pp vs world	91.5%	Not published	Not published	-9.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1991	66.3%	Not published	Not published	-8.8 pp vs world	59.2%	Not published	Not published	+1.0 pp vs world	7.1%	Not published	Not published	-9.7 pp vs world	93.2%	Not published	Not published	-7.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1992	66.6%	Not published	Not published	-8.6 pp vs world	59.0%	Not published	Not published	+0.7 pp vs world	7.6%	Not published	Not published	-9.2 pp vs world	94.8%	Not published	Not published	-5.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1993	66.0%	Not published	Not published	-9.5 pp vs world	58.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world	7.5%	Not published	Not published	-9.2 pp vs world	93.3%	Not published	Not published	-6.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1994	67.5%	Not published	Not published	-8.0 pp vs world	59.9%	Not published	Not published	+1.0 pp vs world	7.5%	Not published	Not published	-9.0 pp vs world	98.8%	Not published	Not published	-1.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1995	70.2%	Not published	Not published	-4.7 pp vs world	62.2%	Not published	Not published	+3.7 pp vs world	8.0%	Not published	Not published	-8.4 pp vs world	104.5%	Not published	Not published	+5.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1996	69.7%	Not published	Not published	-5.3 pp vs world	61.5%	Not published	Not published	+2.8 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	-8.1 pp vs world	101.5%	Not published	Not published	+2.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1997	69.2%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	61.1%	Not published	Not published	+2.0 pp vs world	8.0%	Not published	Not published	-7.9 pp vs world	103.4%	Not published	Not published	+3.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1998	70.5%	Not published	Not published	-5.2 pp vs world	61.4%	Not published	Not published	+1.9 pp vs world	9.0%	Not published	Not published	-7.0 pp vs world	99.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1999	69.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.0 pp vs world	60.2%	Not published	Not published	+0.5 pp vs world	9.6%	Not published	Not published	-6.4 pp vs world	94.8%	Not published	Not published	-4.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2000	68.0%	Not published	Not published	-7.6 pp vs world	58.6%	Not published	Not published	-1.0 pp vs world	9.4%	Not published	Not published	-6.5 pp vs world	95.6%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2001	69.8%	Not published	Not published	-6.6 pp vs world	59.6%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world	10.2%	Not published	Not published	-6.0 pp vs world	95.3%	Not published	Not published	-4.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2002	68.7%	Not published	Not published	-8.2 pp vs world	58.0%	Not published	Not published	-2.2 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-6.0 pp vs world	91.8%	Not published	Not published	-8.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2003	68.5%	Not published	Not published	-8.2 pp vs world	57.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.3 pp vs world	11.0%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	90.9%	Not published	Not published	-9.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2004	68.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.9 pp vs world	58.6%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world	10.4%	Not published	Not published	-6.4 pp vs world	91.3%	Not published	Not published	-8.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2005	66.7%	Not published	Not published	-8.7 pp vs world	57.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.2 pp vs world	9.2%	Not published	Not published	-7.4 pp vs world	87.8%	Not published	Not published	-11.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2006	66.6%	Not published	Not published	-7.9 pp vs world	57.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world	8.8%	Not published	Not published	-7.7 pp vs world	88.8%	Not published	Not published	-10.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2007	67.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.0 pp vs world	59.5%	Not published	Not published	+2.0 pp vs world	8.4%	Not published	Not published	-8.0 pp vs world	89.3%	Not published	Not published	-9.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2008	68.8%	Not published	Not published	-5.2 pp vs world	60.1%	Not published	Not published	+3.0 pp vs world	8.7%	Not published	Not published	-8.1 pp vs world	89.8%	Not published	Not published	-9.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2009	70.3%	Not published	Not published	-5.8 pp vs world	61.1%	Not published	Not published	+3.0 pp vs world	9.2%	Not published	Not published	-8.8 pp vs world	92.1%	Not published	Not published	-7.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2010	70.2%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	61.4%	Not published	Not published	+4.3 pp vs world	8.9%	Not published	Not published	-8.6 pp vs world	94.1%	Not published	Not published	-5.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2011	72.0%	Not published	Not published	-1.8 pp vs world	63.3%	Not published	Not published	+6.8 pp vs world	8.7%	Not published	Not published	-8.5 pp vs world	96.1%	Not published	Not published	-2.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2012	73.6%	Not published	Not published	-0.0 pp vs world	64.6%	Not published	Not published	+8.0 pp vs world	9.1%	Not published	Not published	-8.0 pp vs world	98.9%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2013	75.4%	Not published	Not published	+1.8 pp vs world	66.1%	Not published	Not published	+9.5 pp vs world	9.3%	Not published	Not published	-7.7 pp vs world	99.4%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2014	76.0%	Not published	Not published	+2.4 pp vs world	66.5%	Not published	Not published	+9.8 pp vs world	9.5%	Not published	Not published	-7.4 pp vs world	99.8%	Not published	Not published	+0.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2015	76.1%	Not published	Not published	+2.4 pp vs world	66.4%	Not published	Not published	+9.3 pp vs world	9.6%	Not published	Not published	-7.0 pp vs world	97.6%	Not published	Not published	-1.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2016	76.2%	Not published	Not published	+2.4 pp vs world	66.3%	Not published	Not published	+9.0 pp vs world	10.0%	Not published	Not published	-6.6 pp vs world	97.7%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2017	76.9%	Not published	Not published	+3.6 pp vs world	67.1%	Not published	Not published	+10.2 pp vs world	9.8%	Not published	Not published	-6.6 pp vs world	99.0%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2018	78.2%	Not published	Not published	+5.4 pp vs world	68.3%	Not published	Not published	+11.9 pp vs world	9.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.5 pp vs world	100.2%	Not published	Not published	+1.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2019	80.3%	Not published	Not published	+7.2 pp vs world	69.4%	Not published	Not published	+13.0 pp vs world	10.9%	Not published	Not published	-5.7 pp vs world	98.4%	Not published	Not published	-1.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2020	79.1%	Not published	Not published	+5.9 pp vs world	66.3%	Not published	Not published	+10.9 pp vs world	12.7%	Not published	Not published	-5.0 pp vs world	98.1%	Not published	Not published	-1.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2021	77.7%	Not published	Not published	+5.7 pp vs world	65.0%	Not published	Not published	+10.0 pp vs world	12.7%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	94.4%	Not published	Not published	-4.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2022	80.7%	Not published	Not published	+8.7 pp vs world	66.3%	Not published	Not published	+10.8 pp vs world	14.3%	Not published	Not published	-2.1 pp vs world	95.9%	Not published	Not published	-3.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2023	83.3%	Not published	Not published	+10.3 pp vs world	70.0%	Not published	Not published	+13.5 pp vs world	13.3%	Not published	Not published	-3.2 pp vs world	99.4%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2024	80.1%	Not published	Not published	+6.9 pp vs world	67.3%	Not published	Not published	+10.6 pp vs world	12.8%	Not published	Not published	-3.7 pp vs world	95.9%	Not published	Not published	-3.3 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

Parent aggregates and their components should not be added together. Shares describe composition, not the quality of spending.

Latest common comparison

Asia63.9%2024

Eastern Asia60.7%2024

World73.2%2024

06 · Investment and capital formation

How much current output is directed toward capital formation?

Gross capital formation combines fixed investment and inventory change as shares of GDP.

Full historical record

Gross Capital Formation

Gross capital formation combines fixed investment and inventory change as shares of GDP.

China, Hong Kong SAR is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

China, Hong Kong SAREastern AsiaAsiaWorldCurrent prices · national currency · percent

Formation1970–1990

20.4% → 27.2%

Percentage-point change: +6.8 pp

Integration1990–2010

27.2% → 23.9%

Percentage-point change: -3.3 pp

Current era2010–2024

23.9% → 15.8%

Percentage-point change: -8.1 pp

Gross capital formation15.8%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Gross fixed capital formation16.3%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Changes in inventories-0.5%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Investment and capital formation: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the investment and capital formation section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Investment and capital formation: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

China, Hong Kong SAR	1970	20.4%	Not published	Not published	-7.4 pp vs world	19.7%	Not published	Not published	-3.2 pp vs world	0.7%	Not published	Not published	-4.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1971	24.3%	Not published	Not published	-3.1 pp vs world	23.6%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world	0.7%	Not published	Not published	-3.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1972	23.4%	Not published	Not published	-3.9 pp vs world	22.7%	Not published	Not published	-3.8 pp vs world	0.7%	Not published	Not published	-0.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1973	22.9%	Not published	Not published	-5.7 pp vs world	22.2%	Not published	Not published	-5.0 pp vs world	0.7%	Not published	Not published	-0.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1974	24.2%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	22.7%	Not published	Not published	-3.7 pp vs world	1.4%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1975	22.9%	Not published	Not published	-3.9 pp vs world	21.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.9 pp vs world	1.5%	Not published	Not published	+1.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1976	25.4%	Not published	Not published	-2.7 pp vs world	20.7%	Not published	Not published	-6.2 pp vs world	4.7%	Not published	Not published	+3.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1977	26.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.8 pp vs world	24.2%	Not published	Not published	-3.0 pp vs world	2.3%	Not published	Not published	+1.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1978	28.7%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	26.3%	Not published	Not published	-1.3 pp vs world	2.4%	Not published	Not published	+1.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1979	32.6%	Not published	Not published	+4.3 pp vs world	29.7%	Not published	Not published	+2.5 pp vs world	2.9%	Not published	Not published	+1.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1980	34.9%	Not published	Not published	+6.9 pp vs world	32.2%	Not published	Not published	+5.1 pp vs world	2.6%	Not published	Not published	+1.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1981	34.9%	Not published	Not published	+7.5 pp vs world	32.7%	Not published	Not published	+5.9 pp vs world	2.3%	Not published	Not published	+1.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1982	31.0%	Not published	Not published	+4.7 pp vs world	30.3%	Not published	Not published	+4.1 pp vs world	0.7%	Not published	Not published	+0.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1983	26.7%	Not published	Not published	+0.8 pp vs world	24.7%	Not published	Not published	-1.0 pp vs world	2.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1984	24.4%	Not published	Not published	-2.0 pp vs world	22.2%	Not published	Not published	-3.1 pp vs world	2.2%	Not published	Not published	+1.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1985	21.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.2 pp vs world	21.0%	Not published	Not published	-3.9 pp vs world	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1986	23.4%	Not published	Not published	-2.0 pp vs world	21.5%	Not published	Not published	-3.4 pp vs world	1.9%	Not published	Not published	+1.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1987	26.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.6 pp vs world	23.6%	Not published	Not published	-1.3 pp vs world	2.5%	Not published	Not published	+1.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1988	28.4%	Not published	Not published	+2.1 pp vs world	25.3%	Not published	Not published	-0.1 pp vs world	3.0%	Not published	Not published	+2.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1989	26.5%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	25.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.8 pp vs world	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1990	27.2%	Not published	Not published	+1.4 pp vs world	26.2%	Not published	Not published	+1.2 pp vs world	1.0%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1991	26.9%	Not published	Not published	+1.7 pp vs world	26.3%	Not published	Not published	+2.0 pp vs world	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1992	28.2%	Not published	Not published	+3.5 pp vs world	27.2%	Not published	Not published	+3.3 pp vs world	1.0%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1993	27.2%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	27.0%	Not published	Not published	+3.3 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1994	31.4%	Not published	Not published	+7.0 pp vs world	29.4%	Not published	Not published	+5.7 pp vs world	2.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1995	34.3%	Not published	Not published	+9.8 pp vs world	30.2%	Not published	Not published	+6.5 pp vs world	4.1%	Not published	Not published	+3.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1996	31.8%	Not published	Not published	+7.4 pp vs world	31.0%	Not published	Not published	+7.3 pp vs world	0.8%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1997	34.2%	Not published	Not published	+9.8 pp vs world	33.3%	Not published	Not published	+9.8 pp vs world	0.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1998	29.0%	Not published	Not published	+5.0 pp vs world	30.2%	Not published	Not published	+6.8 pp vs world	-1.2%	Not published	Not published	-1.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1999	25.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.1 pp vs world	25.8%	Not published	Not published	+2.3 pp vs world	-0.8%	Not published	Not published	-1.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2000	27.6%	Not published	Not published	+3.3 pp vs world	26.5%	Not published	Not published	+2.9 pp vs world	1.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2001	25.5%	Not published	Not published	+1.9 pp vs world	25.8%	Not published	Not published	+2.5 pp vs world	-0.3%	Not published	Not published	-0.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2002	23.2%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	22.7%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	0.4%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2003	22.4%	Not published	Not published	-0.8 pp vs world	21.7%	Not published	Not published	-1.1 pp vs world	0.7%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2004	22.4%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	21.8%	Not published	Not published	-1.3 pp vs world	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2005	21.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.2 pp vs world	21.4%	Not published	Not published	-2.2 pp vs world	-0.3%	Not published	Not published	-1.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2006	22.3%	Not published	Not published	-2.5 pp vs world	22.4%	Not published	Not published	-1.6 pp vs world	-0.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2007	21.4%	Not published	Not published	-3.9 pp vs world	20.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.7 pp vs world	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2008	21.0%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	20.5%	Not published	Not published	-3.8 pp vs world	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2009	21.8%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	20.5%	Not published	Not published	-3.2 pp vs world	1.4%	Not published	Not published	+1.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2010	23.9%	Not published	Not published	-0.7 pp vs world	21.8%	Not published	Not published	-1.8 pp vs world	2.1%	Not published	Not published	+1.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2011	24.1%	Not published	Not published	-1.1 pp vs world	23.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-0.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2012	25.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world	25.4%	Not published	Not published	+0.9 pp vs world	-0.2%	Not published	Not published	-1.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2013	24.0%	Not published	Not published	-1.4 pp vs world	24.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world	-0.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2014	23.8%	Not published	Not published	-1.9 pp vs world	23.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.3 pp vs world	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-0.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2015	21.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.2 pp vs world	22.4%	Not published	Not published	-2.6 pp vs world	-0.9%	Not published	Not published	-1.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2016	21.5%	Not published	Not published	-3.9 pp vs world	21.5%	Not published	Not published	-3.4 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2017	22.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.9 pp vs world	21.7%	Not published	Not published	-3.5 pp vs world	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2018	22.0%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	21.6%	Not published	Not published	-4.0 pp vs world	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2019	18.2%	Not published	Not published	-8.2 pp vs world	18.3%	Not published	Not published	-7.6 pp vs world	-0.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2020	19.0%	Not published	Not published	-7.3 pp vs world	17.0%	Not published	Not published	-8.9 pp vs world	2.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2021	16.8%	Not published	Not published	-10.3 pp vs world	16.8%	Not published	Not published	-9.2 pp vs world	-0.1%	Not published	Not published	-1.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2022	15.2%	Not published	Not published	-12.0 pp vs world	16.1%	Not published	Not published	-9.9 pp vs world	-0.8%	Not published	Not published	-2.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2023	16.1%	Not published	Not published	-10.1 pp vs world	16.9%	Not published	Not published	-8.8 pp vs world	-0.8%	Not published	Not published	-1.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2024	15.8%	Not published	Not published	-10.2 pp vs world	16.3%	Not published	Not published	-9.1 pp vs world	-0.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.0 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

A larger investment share is not automatically better; depreciation, utilization and project quality are outside this accounting measure.

Latest common comparison

Asia33.8%2024

Eastern Asia36.7%2024

World26.0%2024

07 · Trade structure and external balance

How exposed is the economy to trade, and what is the external balance?

Exports, imports, openness and net exports distinguish exposure from surplus or deficit.

Full historical record

Trade openness

Exports, imports, openness and net exports distinguish exposure from surplus or deficit.

China, Hong Kong SAR is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

China, Hong Kong SAREastern AsiaAsiaWorldCurrent prices · percent

Formation1970–1990

178.7% → 226.0%

Percentage-point change: +47.3 pp

Integration1990–2010

226.0% → 404.8%

Percentage-point change: +178.8 pp

Current era2010–2024

404.8% → 359.5%

Percentage-point change: -45.3 pp

Exports181.8%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Imports177.7%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Net exports4.1%2024 · Derived measure · World rank unavailable

Trade openness359.5%2024 · Derived measure · World rank unavailable

Trade structure and external balance: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the trade structure and external balance section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

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From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Trade structure and external balance: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

China, Hong Kong SAR	1970	93.2%	Not published	Not published	+81.9 pp vs world	85.5%	Not published	Not published	+74.2 pp vs world	7.7%	Not published	Not published	+7.7 pp vs world	178.7%	Not published	Not published	+156.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1971	89.4%	Not published	Not published	+77.9 pp vs world	85.2%	Not published	Not published	+73.8 pp vs world	4.2%	Not published	Not published	+4.1 pp vs world	174.5%	Not published	Not published	+151.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1972	84.4%	Not published	Not published	+72.6 pp vs world	76.4%	Not published	Not published	+64.8 pp vs world	7.9%	Not published	Not published	+7.8 pp vs world	160.8%	Not published	Not published	+137.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1973	85.4%	Not published	Not published	+72.2 pp vs world	79.1%	Not published	Not published	+66.1 pp vs world	6.3%	Not published	Not published	+6.1 pp vs world	164.5%	Not published	Not published	+138.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1974	86.6%	Not published	Not published	+70.5 pp vs world	81.8%	Not published	Not published	+65.8 pp vs world	4.8%	Not published	Not published	+4.8 pp vs world	168.5%	Not published	Not published	+136.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1975	83.4%	Not published	Not published	+68.2 pp vs world	77.8%	Not published	Not published	+62.6 pp vs world	5.6%	Not published	Not published	+5.6 pp vs world	161.2%	Not published	Not published	+130.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1976	89.4%	Not published	Not published	+73.7 pp vs world	78.8%	Not published	Not published	+62.9 pp vs world	10.7%	Not published	Not published	+10.8 pp vs world	168.2%	Not published	Not published	+136.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1977	83.4%	Not published	Not published	+67.6 pp vs world	76.8%	Not published	Not published	+60.7 pp vs world	6.5%	Not published	Not published	+6.8 pp vs world	160.2%	Not published	Not published	+128.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1978	85.6%	Not published	Not published	+70.1 pp vs world	84.6%	Not published	Not published	+68.8 pp vs world	1.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.3 pp vs world	170.2%	Not published	Not published	+138.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1979	89.6%	Not published	Not published	+72.7 pp vs world	88.3%	Not published	Not published	+71.2 pp vs world	1.3%	Not published	Not published	+1.5 pp vs world	178.0%	Not published	Not published	+143.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1980	88.7%	Not published	Not published	+70.5 pp vs world	89.3%	Not published	Not published	+70.7 pp vs world	-0.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world	178.0%	Not published	Not published	+141.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1981	90.5%	Not published	Not published	+72.5 pp vs world	92.1%	Not published	Not published	+73.7 pp vs world	-1.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.2 pp vs world	182.6%	Not published	Not published	+146.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1982	84.9%	Not published	Not published	+67.9 pp vs world	84.3%	Not published	Not published	+66.9 pp vs world	0.6%	Not published	Not published	+1.0 pp vs world	169.2%	Not published	Not published	+134.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1983	94.1%	Not published	Not published	+77.6 pp vs world	92.3%	Not published	Not published	+75.5 pp vs world	1.8%	Not published	Not published	+2.1 pp vs world	186.3%	Not published	Not published	+153.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1984	104.0%	Not published	Not published	+87.1 pp vs world	96.0%	Not published	Not published	+78.8 pp vs world	8.0%	Not published	Not published	+8.2 pp vs world	199.9%	Not published	Not published	+165.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1985	103.9%	Not published	Not published	+87.4 pp vs world	93.9%	Not published	Not published	+77.2 pp vs world	10.0%	Not published	Not published	+10.2 pp vs world	197.8%	Not published	Not published	+164.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1986	104.7%	Not published	Not published	+88.9 pp vs world	95.6%	Not published	Not published	+79.5 pp vs world	9.1%	Not published	Not published	+9.3 pp vs world	200.3%	Not published	Not published	+168.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1987	112.8%	Not published	Not published	+96.3 pp vs world	102.4%	Not published	Not published	+85.7 pp vs world	10.4%	Not published	Not published	+10.5 pp vs world	215.1%	Not published	Not published	+182.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1988	120.1%	Not published	Not published	+103.2 pp vs world	111.2%	Not published	Not published	+94.0 pp vs world	8.9%	Not published	Not published	+9.1 pp vs world	231.3%	Not published	Not published	+197.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1989	118.3%	Not published	Not published	+100.9 pp vs world	106.9%	Not published	Not published	+89.1 pp vs world	11.5%	Not published	Not published	+11.8 pp vs world	225.2%	Not published	Not published	+190.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1990	117.3%	Not published	Not published	+98.3 pp vs world	108.7%	Not published	Not published	+89.6 pp vs world	8.5%	Not published	Not published	+8.8 pp vs world	226.0%	Not published	Not published	+187.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1991	119.3%	Not published	Not published	+100.7 pp vs world	112.5%	Not published	Not published	+93.9 pp vs world	6.8%	Not published	Not published	+6.9 pp vs world	231.9%	Not published	Not published	+194.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1992	122.7%	Not published	Not published	+102.9 pp vs world	117.5%	Not published	Not published	+98.1 pp vs world	5.2%	Not published	Not published	+4.8 pp vs world	240.1%	Not published	Not published	+201.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1993	120.4%	Not published	Not published	+101.6 pp vs world	113.6%	Not published	Not published	+95.3 pp vs world	6.7%	Not published	Not published	+6.3 pp vs world	234.0%	Not published	Not published	+196.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1994	119.3%	Not published	Not published	+99.9 pp vs world	118.1%	Not published	Not published	+99.2 pp vs world	1.2%	Not published	Not published	+0.7 pp vs world	237.4%	Not published	Not published	+199.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1995	126.2%	Not published	Not published	+105.6 pp vs world	130.7%	Not published	Not published	+110.6 pp vs world	-4.5%	Not published	Not published	-5.0 pp vs world	256.9%	Not published	Not published	+216.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1996	121.7%	Not published	Not published	+100.6 pp vs world	123.2%	Not published	Not published	+102.5 pp vs world	-1.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.9 pp vs world	244.9%	Not published	Not published	+203.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1997	115.0%	Not published	Not published	+93.0 pp vs world	118.4%	Not published	Not published	+96.9 pp vs world	-3.4%	Not published	Not published	-3.9 pp vs world	233.4%	Not published	Not published	+190.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1998	110.8%	Not published	Not published	+89.0 pp vs world	110.3%	Not published	Not published	+88.8 pp vs world	0.5%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	221.1%	Not published	Not published	+177.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1999	112.7%	Not published	Not published	+90.9 pp vs world	107.6%	Not published	Not published	+86.0 pp vs world	5.2%	Not published	Not published	+4.9 pp vs world	220.3%	Not published	Not published	+176.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2000	126.0%	Not published	Not published	+102.5 pp vs world	121.6%	Not published	Not published	+98.2 pp vs world	4.4%	Not published	Not published	+4.3 pp vs world	247.7%	Not published	Not published	+200.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2001	122.8%	Not published	Not published	+99.8 pp vs world	118.1%	Not published	Not published	+95.1 pp vs world	4.7%	Not published	Not published	+4.7 pp vs world	240.8%	Not published	Not published	+194.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2002	132.1%	Not published	Not published	+108.9 pp vs world	123.9%	Not published	Not published	+100.9 pp vs world	8.2%	Not published	Not published	+8.0 pp vs world	256.0%	Not published	Not published	+209.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2003	150.8%	Not published	Not published	+126.8 pp vs world	141.7%	Not published	Not published	+117.9 pp vs world	9.1%	Not published	Not published	+8.9 pp vs world	292.5%	Not published	Not published	+244.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2004	167.8%	Not published	Not published	+142.0 pp vs world	159.1%	Not published	Not published	+133.6 pp vs world	8.7%	Not published	Not published	+8.4 pp vs world	326.8%	Not published	Not published	+275.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2005	177.5%	Not published	Not published	+150.4 pp vs world	165.2%	Not published	Not published	+138.6 pp vs world	12.2%	Not published	Not published	+11.8 pp vs world	342.7%	Not published	Not published	+289.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2006	185.2%	Not published	Not published	+156.5 pp vs world	174.0%	Not published	Not published	+146.0 pp vs world	11.2%	Not published	Not published	+10.5 pp vs world	359.2%	Not published	Not published	+302.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2007	186.4%	Not published	Not published	+156.8 pp vs world	175.7%	Not published	Not published	+146.9 pp vs world	10.7%	Not published	Not published	+9.9 pp vs world	362.1%	Not published	Not published	+303.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2008	193.4%	Not published	Not published	+162.5 pp vs world	183.2%	Not published	Not published	+153.0 pp vs world	10.2%	Not published	Not published	+9.4 pp vs world	376.7%	Not published	Not published	+315.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2009	178.1%	Not published	Not published	+151.9 pp vs world	170.3%	Not published	Not published	+144.7 pp vs world	7.9%	Not published	Not published	+7.2 pp vs world	348.4%	Not published	Not published	+296.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2010	205.3%	Not published	Not published	+176.7 pp vs world	199.4%	Not published	Not published	+171.8 pp vs world	5.9%	Not published	Not published	+5.0 pp vs world	404.8%	Not published	Not published	+348.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2011	212.9%	Not published	Not published	+182.5 pp vs world	209.0%	Not published	Not published	+179.5 pp vs world	3.9%	Not published	Not published	+3.0 pp vs world	421.9%	Not published	Not published	+362.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2012	215.8%	Not published	Not published	+185.7 pp vs world	214.7%	Not published	Not published	+185.6 pp vs world	1.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	430.6%	Not published	Not published	+371.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2013	221.6%	Not published	Not published	+191.5 pp vs world	221.0%	Not published	Not published	+191.9 pp vs world	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-0.4 pp vs world	442.6%	Not published	Not published	+383.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2014	213.1%	Not published	Not published	+183.4 pp vs world	212.9%	Not published	Not published	+183.9 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.6 pp vs world	426.0%	Not published	Not published	+367.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2015	195.9%	Not published	Not published	+167.8 pp vs world	193.5%	Not published	Not published	+166.0 pp vs world	2.4%	Not published	Not published	+1.8 pp vs world	389.4%	Not published	Not published	+333.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2016	187.0%	Not published	Not published	+159.8 pp vs world	184.7%	Not published	Not published	+158.3 pp vs world	2.3%	Not published	Not published	+1.5 pp vs world	371.7%	Not published	Not published	+318.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2017	188.9%	Not published	Not published	+160.8 pp vs world	187.9%	Not published	Not published	+160.5 pp vs world	1.0%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	376.8%	Not published	Not published	+321.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2018	188.3%	Not published	Not published	+159.3 pp vs world	188.6%	Not published	Not published	+160.3 pp vs world	-0.2%	Not published	Not published	-1.0 pp vs world	376.9%	Not published	Not published	+319.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2019	177.7%	Not published	Not published	+149.5 pp vs world	176.1%	Not published	Not published	+148.6 pp vs world	1.6%	Not published	Not published	+0.9 pp vs world	353.7%	Not published	Not published	+298.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2020	176.3%	Not published	Not published	+150.2 pp vs world	174.4%	Not published	Not published	+149.0 pp vs world	1.9%	Not published	Not published	+1.2 pp vs world	350.7%	Not published	Not published	+299.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2021	204.0%	Not published	Not published	+175.4 pp vs world	198.4%	Not published	Not published	+170.8 pp vs world	5.6%	Not published	Not published	+4.6 pp vs world	402.5%	Not published	Not published	+346.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2022	194.5%	Not published	Not published	+163.6 pp vs world	190.4%	Not published	Not published	+160.3 pp vs world	4.1%	Not published	Not published	+3.3 pp vs world	384.9%	Not published	Not published	+323.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2023	176.8%	Not published	Not published	+147.8 pp vs world	176.2%	Not published	Not published	+147.9 pp vs world	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-0.1 pp vs world	353.0%	Not published	Not published	+295.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2024	181.8%	Not published	Not published	+152.8 pp vs world	177.7%	Not published	Not published	+149.6 pp vs world	4.1%	Not published	Not published	+3.2 pp vs world	359.5%	Not published	Not published	+302.4 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

Trade openness is exports plus imports relative to GDP. Imports are positive in the source but subtracted in the expenditure identity.

Latest common comparison

Asia60.3%2024

Eastern Asia49.8%2024

World57.1%2024

08 · Industry mix and structural change

Which activities produce value, and how is the mix changing?

Six mutually exclusive activities show the production structure. Manufacturing remains nested inside its parent activity.

Full historical record

Structural change across six activities

Other activities is the largest current activity at 64.3%. Each activity shows change separately for 1970–1990, 1990–2010, and 2010–current.

AMA activity values measure gross value added, not sales, revenue, shipments, gross output, or physical production.

Agriculture, forestry and fishing0.0%

1970–1990-0.6 pp1990–2010-0.2 pp2010–2024-0.0 pp

World specialization: 0.01×

Mining, manufacturing and utilities2.1%

1970–1990-4.0 pp1990–2010-13.6 pp2010–2024-1.7 pp

World specialization: 0.10×

Construction4.4%

1970–1990-1.7 pp1990–2010-1.9 pp2010–2024+1.2 pp

World specialization: 0.77×

Trade, restaurants and hotels19.2%

1970–1990+4.7 pp1990–2010+3.3 pp2010–2024-7.8 pp

World specialization: 1.33×

Transport, storage and communication10.0%

1970–1990+2.3 pp1990–2010+0.7 pp2010–2024-1.1 pp

World specialization: 1.02×

Other activities64.3%

1970–1990-0.6 pp1990–2010+11.7 pp2010–2024+9.4 pp

World specialization: 1.45×

Industry composition and economic scale

The 100% area view isolates changes in production mix. The current-dollar area view combines those shares with nominal GDP so the total height also shows the expansion or contraction of the economy.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

Agriculture, forestry and fishingMining, manufacturing and utilitiesConstructionTrade, restaurants and hotelsTransport, storage and communicationOther activitiesShare of total gross value added

Formation1970–1990

43.7% → 43.1%

Percentage-point change: -0.6 pp

Integration1990–2010

43.1% → 54.8%

Percentage-point change: +11.7 pp

Current era2010–2024

54.8% → 64.3%

Percentage-point change: +9.4 pp

How to read specialization

World specialization compares an activity's share of this country's gross value added with that activity's share of world gross value added. A result of 1.00× means the shares match; above 1.00× means the activity is relatively more prominent locally, while below 1.00× means it is relatively less prominent. It describes economic structure, not productivity or competitiveness.

Current specialization against world

Agriculture, forestry and fishing0.01×

Mining, manufacturing and utilities0.10×

Construction0.77×

Trade, restaurants and hotels1.33×

Transport, storage and communication1.02×

Other activities1.45×

Industry mix, specialization and world comparison table55 annual rows

Annual shares for the six mutually exclusive broad industries, with world comparisons and ranks wherever comparable data exist. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

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Showing 55 of 55 rows

Industry mix, specialization and world comparison table

China, Hong Kong SAR	1970	0.9%	Not published	Not published	-8.5 pp vs world	21.3%	Not published	Not published	-9.5 pp vs world	6.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world	19.1%	Not published	Not published	+5.0 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	43.7%	Not published	Not published	+12.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1971	0.9%	Not published	Not published	-8.1 pp vs world	21.3%	Not published	Not published	-9.2 pp vs world	6.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	19.1%	Not published	Not published	+5.0 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	43.7%	Not published	Not published	+11.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1972	0.9%	Not published	Not published	-7.8 pp vs world	21.4%	Not published	Not published	-9.2 pp vs world	6.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	19.1%	Not published	Not published	+4.9 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	43.7%	Not published	Not published	+11.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1973	0.9%	Not published	Not published	-8.3 pp vs world	21.3%	Not published	Not published	-9.5 pp vs world	6.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	19.0%	Not published	Not published	+5.1 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world	43.7%	Not published	Not published	+12.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1974	0.9%	Not published	Not published	-7.7 pp vs world	21.4%	Not published	Not published	-10.4 pp vs world	6.8%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	19.1%	Not published	Not published	+5.0 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.5 pp vs world	43.7%	Not published	Not published	+12.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1975	0.9%	Not published	Not published	-7.4 pp vs world	21.4%	Not published	Not published	-9.3 pp vs world	6.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.0 pp vs world	19.1%	Not published	Not published	+4.9 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.5 pp vs world	43.7%	Not published	Not published	+11.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1976	0.9%	Not published	Not published	-7.1 pp vs world	21.3%	Not published	Not published	-9.6 pp vs world	6.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	19.0%	Not published	Not published	+4.8 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world	43.8%	Not published	Not published	+11.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1977	0.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.9 pp vs world	21.4%	Not published	Not published	-9.3 pp vs world	6.8%	Not published	Not published	+0.0 pp vs world	19.2%	Not published	Not published	+4.9 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	43.6%	Not published	Not published	+10.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1978	0.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.6 pp vs world	21.4%	Not published	Not published	-9.1 pp vs world	6.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	19.0%	Not published	Not published	+4.7 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	43.7%	Not published	Not published	+10.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1979	0.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.5 pp vs world	21.0%	Not published	Not published	-9.8 pp vs world	7.0%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	18.9%	Not published	Not published	+4.6 pp vs world	8.2%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	44.1%	Not published	Not published	+11.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1980	1.0%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	22.0%	Not published	Not published	-9.1 pp vs world	6.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world	19.7%	Not published	Not published	+5.5 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	42.8%	Not published	Not published	+9.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1981	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-6.0 pp vs world	21.2%	Not published	Not published	-9.5 pp vs world	7.3%	Not published	Not published	+0.9 pp vs world	18.4%	Not published	Not published	+4.1 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	44.1%	Not published	Not published	+10.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1982	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-6.0 pp vs world	19.8%	Not published	Not published	-10.0 pp vs world	7.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.9 pp vs world	18.5%	Not published	Not published	+4.3 pp vs world	8.4%	Not published	Not published	+0.5 pp vs world	45.5%	Not published	Not published	+10.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1983	0.7%	Not published	Not published	-6.2 pp vs world	22.3%	Not published	Not published	-7.1 pp vs world	6.2%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	19.1%	Not published	Not published	+4.7 pp vs world	8.9%	Not published	Not published	+1.0 pp vs world	42.7%	Not published	Not published	+6.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1984	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-6.2 pp vs world	23.7%	Not published	Not published	-5.5 pp vs world	5.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world	22.0%	Not published	Not published	+7.5 pp vs world	8.6%	Not published	Not published	+0.6 pp vs world	39.8%	Not published	Not published	+3.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1985	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-5.8 pp vs world	21.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.8 pp vs world	4.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.9 pp vs world	21.8%	Not published	Not published	+7.0 pp vs world	9.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.0 pp vs world	41.8%	Not published	Not published	+5.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1986	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-5.3 pp vs world	22.5%	Not published	Not published	-5.2 pp vs world	4.7%	Not published	Not published	-1.3 pp vs world	21.3%	Not published	Not published	+6.6 pp vs world	9.1%	Not published	Not published	+1.1 pp vs world	41.8%	Not published	Not published	+4.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1987	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-5.0 pp vs world	21.7%	Not published	Not published	-5.7 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.6 pp vs world	23.1%	Not published	Not published	+8.5 pp vs world	9.6%	Not published	Not published	+1.5 pp vs world	40.7%	Not published	Not published	+2.1 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1988	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-5.0 pp vs world	20.1%	Not published	Not published	-7.1 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.7 pp vs world	23.7%	Not published	Not published	+9.1 pp vs world	10.2%	Not published	Not published	+2.1 pp vs world	41.2%	Not published	Not published	+2.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1989	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-5.1 pp vs world	18.8%	Not published	Not published	-8.0 pp vs world	4.9%	Not published	Not published	-1.3 pp vs world	23.8%	Not published	Not published	+9.2 pp vs world	10.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.9 pp vs world	42.2%	Not published	Not published	+3.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1990	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-4.9 pp vs world	17.3%	Not published	Not published	-9.2 pp vs world	5.1%	Not published	Not published	-1.1 pp vs world	23.7%	Not published	Not published	+9.2 pp vs world	10.4%	Not published	Not published	+2.3 pp vs world	43.1%	Not published	Not published	+3.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1991	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-4.5 pp vs world	15.1%	Not published	Not published	-10.9 pp vs world	5.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.9 pp vs world	24.0%	Not published	Not published	+9.1 pp vs world	10.4%	Not published	Not published	+2.1 pp vs world	45.1%	Not published	Not published	+4.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1992	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-4.1 pp vs world	13.6%	Not published	Not published	-11.7 pp vs world	4.8%	Not published	Not published	-1.1 pp vs world	24.2%	Not published	Not published	+8.9 pp vs world	10.5%	Not published	Not published	+2.2 pp vs world	46.8%	Not published	Not published	+5.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1993	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-3.9 pp vs world	11.4%	Not published	Not published	-13.3 pp vs world	4.8%	Not published	Not published	-1.1 pp vs world	25.1%	Not published	Not published	+10.1 pp vs world	10.2%	Not published	Not published	+1.9 pp vs world	48.2%	Not published	Not published	+6.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1994	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-3.8 pp vs world	10.0%	Not published	Not published	-14.5 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.4 pp vs world	24.3%	Not published	Not published	+9.1 pp vs world	10.4%	Not published	Not published	+2.0 pp vs world	50.6%	Not published	Not published	+9.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1995	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-3.8 pp vs world	9.2%	Not published	Not published	-15.4 pp vs world	5.0%	Not published	Not published	-0.8 pp vs world	24.6%	Not published	Not published	+9.4 pp vs world	10.8%	Not published	Not published	+2.2 pp vs world	50.4%	Not published	Not published	+8.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1996	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.9 pp vs world	8.4%	Not published	Not published	-15.9 pp vs world	5.3%	Not published	Not published	-0.4 pp vs world	24.7%	Not published	Not published	+9.7 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	+2.0 pp vs world	50.9%	Not published	Not published	+8.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1997	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.8 pp vs world	7.7%	Not published	Not published	-16.3 pp vs world	5.4%	Not published	Not published	-0.1 pp vs world	23.8%	Not published	Not published	+8.8 pp vs world	9.9%	Not published	Not published	+1.2 pp vs world	53.0%	Not published	Not published	+10.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1998	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.7 pp vs world	7.8%	Not published	Not published	-15.3 pp vs world	5.6%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	23.3%	Not published	Not published	+8.2 pp vs world	10.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.0 pp vs world	53.2%	Not published	Not published	+9.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1999	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.5 pp vs world	7.7%	Not published	Not published	-15.4 pp vs world	5.4%	Not published	Not published	-0.1 pp vs world	23.2%	Not published	Not published	+8.1 pp vs world	10.2%	Not published	Not published	+1.1 pp vs world	53.4%	Not published	Not published	+9.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2000	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.3 pp vs world	7.7%	Not published	Not published	-15.8 pp vs world	4.9%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world	24.5%	Not published	Not published	+9.5 pp vs world	10.9%	Not published	Not published	+1.9 pp vs world	51.8%	Not published	Not published	+8.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2001	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.3 pp vs world	7.3%	Not published	Not published	-15.3 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.8 pp vs world	24.9%	Not published	Not published	+9.9 pp vs world	10.9%	Not published	Not published	+1.7 pp vs world	52.3%	Not published	Not published	+7.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2002	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.3 pp vs world	6.9%	Not published	Not published	-15.2 pp vs world	4.1%	Not published	Not published	-1.1 pp vs world	25.2%	Not published	Not published	+10.4 pp vs world	11.5%	Not published	Not published	+2.1 pp vs world	52.2%	Not published	Not published	+7.2 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2003	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.3 pp vs world	6.4%	Not published	Not published	-15.7 pp vs world	3.7%	Not published	Not published	-1.6 pp vs world	25.8%	Not published	Not published	+11.0 pp vs world	11.4%	Not published	Not published	+2.2 pp vs world	52.6%	Not published	Not published	+7.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2004	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.4 pp vs world	6.2%	Not published	Not published	-16.3 pp vs world	3.2%	Not published	Not published	-2.3 pp vs world	27.6%	Not published	Not published	+12.9 pp vs world	11.8%	Not published	Not published	+2.3 pp vs world	51.1%	Not published	Not published	+6.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2005	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.3 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-17.2 pp vs world	2.8%	Not published	Not published	-2.7 pp vs world	28.8%	Not published	Not published	+14.3 pp vs world	11.7%	Not published	Not published	+2.3 pp vs world	50.7%	Not published	Not published	+6.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2006	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.3 pp vs world	5.5%	Not published	Not published	-18.0 pp vs world	2.7%	Not published	Not published	-3.0 pp vs world	27.8%	Not published	Not published	+13.4 pp vs world	11.2%	Not published	Not published	+1.9 pp vs world	52.8%	Not published	Not published	+8.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2007	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.5 pp vs world	4.6%	Not published	Not published	-19.0 pp vs world	2.5%	Not published	Not published	-3.2 pp vs world	26.7%	Not published	Not published	+12.5 pp vs world	10.7%	Not published	Not published	+1.3 pp vs world	55.5%	Not published	Not published	+11.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2008	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.6 pp vs world	4.4%	Not published	Not published	-19.7 pp vs world	3.0%	Not published	Not published	-2.7 pp vs world	28.0%	Not published	Not published	+13.8 pp vs world	9.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world	55.5%	Not published	Not published	+12.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2009	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.7 pp vs world	4.0%	Not published	Not published	-18.3 pp vs world	3.2%	Not published	Not published	-2.4 pp vs world	26.5%	Not published	Not published	+12.4 pp vs world	9.3%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	56.9%	Not published	Not published	+11.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2010	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.0 pp vs world	3.7%	Not published	Not published	-20.0 pp vs world	3.3%	Not published	Not published	-2.1 pp vs world	27.0%	Not published	Not published	+13.0 pp vs world	11.1%	Not published	Not published	+2.0 pp vs world	54.8%	Not published	Not published	+11.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2011	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-4.2 pp vs world	3.4%	Not published	Not published	-20.9 pp vs world	3.4%	Not published	Not published	-2.0 pp vs world	29.4%	Not published	Not published	+15.4 pp vs world	9.6%	Not published	Not published	+0.7 pp vs world	54.1%	Not published	Not published	+10.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2012	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.2 pp vs world	3.3%	Not published	Not published	-20.8 pp vs world	3.6%	Not published	Not published	-1.8 pp vs world	29.0%	Not published	Not published	+14.9 pp vs world	9.5%	Not published	Not published	+0.6 pp vs world	54.5%	Not published	Not published	+11.3 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2013	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.4 pp vs world	3.1%	Not published	Not published	-20.6 pp vs world	4.0%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	28.6%	Not published	Not published	+14.5 pp vs world	9.6%	Not published	Not published	+0.7 pp vs world	54.7%	Not published	Not published	+11.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2014	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	2.9%	Not published	Not published	-20.5 pp vs world	4.4%	Not published	Not published	-1.2 pp vs world	27.7%	Not published	Not published	+13.5 pp vs world	9.8%	Not published	Not published	+0.8 pp vs world	55.3%	Not published	Not published	+11.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2015	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.4 pp vs world	2.6%	Not published	Not published	-19.7 pp vs world	4.6%	Not published	Not published	-0.9 pp vs world	26.1%	Not published	Not published	+11.8 pp vs world	9.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.8 pp vs world	56.7%	Not published	Not published	+12.4 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2016	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	2.5%	Not published	Not published	-19.2 pp vs world	5.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.4 pp vs world	25.0%	Not published	Not published	+10.7 pp vs world	9.7%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world	57.5%	Not published	Not published	+12.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2017	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	2.4%	Not published	Not published	-19.5 pp vs world	5.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.6 pp vs world	24.8%	Not published	Not published	+10.4 pp vs world	9.4%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	58.2%	Not published	Not published	+13.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2018	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.1 pp vs world	2.3%	Not published	Not published	-20.1 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.3 pp vs world	24.7%	Not published	Not published	+10.5 pp vs world	9.3%	Not published	Not published	+0.0 pp vs world	59.2%	Not published	Not published	+15.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2019	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.2 pp vs world	2.3%	Not published	Not published	-19.4 pp vs world	4.2%	Not published	Not published	-1.6 pp vs world	22.2%	Not published	Not published	+8.0 pp vs world	9.0%	Not published	Not published	-0.4 pp vs world	62.2%	Not published	Not published	+17.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2020	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.4 pp vs world	2.4%	Not published	Not published	-18.6 pp vs world	4.1%	Not published	Not published	-1.7 pp vs world	19.8%	Not published	Not published	+6.1 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	-1.2 pp vs world	65.5%	Not published	Not published	+19.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2021	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.5 pp vs world	2.3%	Not published	Not published	-20.0 pp vs world	4.0%	Not published	Not published	-1.7 pp vs world	21.1%	Not published	Not published	+7.1 pp vs world	10.9%	Not published	Not published	+1.5 pp vs world	61.7%	Not published	Not published	+17.6 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2022	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.5 pp vs world	2.2%	Not published	Not published	-20.6 pp vs world	4.3%	Not published	Not published	-1.4 pp vs world	19.7%	Not published	Not published	+5.5 pp vs world	11.1%	Not published	Not published	+1.6 pp vs world	62.7%	Not published	Not published	+19.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2023	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	2.1%	Not published	Not published	-19.7 pp vs world	4.3%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	19.6%	Not published	Not published	+5.1 pp vs world	9.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world	64.5%	Not published	Not published	+20.5 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2024	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-4.2 pp vs world	2.1%	Not published	Not published	-19.1 pp vs world	4.4%	Not published	Not published	-1.3 pp vs world	19.2%	Not published	Not published	+4.8 pp vs world	10.0%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	64.3%	Not published	Not published	+19.8 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

09 · Manufacturing position

What role does manufacturing play at home and in the world?

Domestic share, its place inside the parent industry, real growth, specialization and world contribution are kept together.

Full historical record

Manufacturing in the economic structure

Manufacturing accounts for 1.0% of total gross value added in 2024. In 2024, China, Hong Kong SAR was 14.7 percentage points below the world value.

Latest share: 1.0%
World specialization: 0.06×
Latest year: 2024

Formation1970–1990

19.7% → 14.9%

Percentage-point change: -4.8 pp

Integration1990–2010

14.9% → 1.8%

Percentage-point change: -13.2 pp

Current era2010–2024

1.8% → 1.0%

Percentage-point change: -0.8 pp

Share of total GVA1.0%2024 · Derived measure · World rank unavailable

Share within parent activity45.9%2024 · Derived measure · World rank unavailable

Real manufacturing growth0.8%2024 · Published series · World rank 131 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Share of world manufacturing0.0%2024 · Derived measure · World rank 103 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Manufacturing annual rates, ranks and specialization table55 annual rows

Manufacturing's annual structural, growth and world-position measures. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Manufacturing annual rates, ranks and specialization table

China, Hong Kong SAR	1970	19.7%	Not published	Not published	-6.2 pp vs world	92.4%	Not published	Not published	+8.3 pp vs world	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1971	19.7%	Not published	Not published	-5.8 pp vs world	92.4%	Not published	Not published	+8.7 pp vs world	7.3%	Not published	Not published	+4.2 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1972	19.7%	Not published	Not published	-5.8 pp vs world	92.4%	Not published	Not published	+8.8 pp vs world	10.7%	Not published	Not published	+4.3 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1973	19.7%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	92.4%	Not published	Not published	+9.3 pp vs world	12.1%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1974	19.7%	Not published	Not published	-5.4 pp vs world	92.4%	Not published	Not published	+13.2 pp vs world	2.6%	Not published	Not published	+1.2 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1975	19.8%	Not published	Not published	-4.5 pp vs world	92.5%	Not published	Not published	+13.4 pp vs world	0.6%	Not published	Not published	+3.5 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1976	19.6%	Not published	Not published	-4.7 pp vs world	92.3%	Not published	Not published	+13.5 pp vs world	15.5%	Not published	Not published	+8.3 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1977	19.8%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	92.5%	Not published	Not published	+14.1 pp vs world	12.7%	Not published	Not published	+8.8 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1978	19.8%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	92.5%	Not published	Not published	+13.5 pp vs world	8.2%	Not published	Not published	+4.7 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1979	19.3%	Not published	Not published	-4.5 pp vs world	91.9%	Not published	Not published	+14.7 pp vs world	8.7%	Not published	Not published	+4.6 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1980	20.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.4 pp vs world	93.1%	Not published	Not published	+19.5 pp vs world	16.1%	Not published	Not published	+15.8 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1981	19.6%	Not published	Not published	-2.9 pp vs world	92.5%	Not published	Not published	+19.1 pp vs world	6.3%	Not published	Not published	+5.0 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1982	17.8%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	90.0%	Not published	Not published	+15.9 pp vs world	-7.6%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1983	19.7%	Not published	Not published	-2.0 pp vs world	88.5%	Not published	Not published	+14.5 pp vs world	16.6%	Not published	Not published	+14.7 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1984	21.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.7 pp vs world	89.2%	Not published	Not published	+14.6 pp vs world	15.7%	Not published	Not published	+10.3 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1985	19.1%	Not published	Not published	-2.6 pp vs world	87.2%	Not published	Not published	+11.6 pp vs world	-8.5%	Not published	Not published	-12.8 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1986	19.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.4 pp vs world	86.6%	Not published	Not published	+7.4 pp vs world	14.8%	Not published	Not published	+12.7 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1987	18.9%	Not published	Not published	-2.8 pp vs world	87.2%	Not published	Not published	+7.8 pp vs world	11.1%	Not published	Not published	+6.5 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1988	17.6%	Not published	Not published	-4.2 pp vs world	87.6%	Not published	Not published	+7.5 pp vs world	2.5%	Not published	Not published	-3.2 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1989	16.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.9 pp vs world	87.6%	Not published	Not published	+7.8 pp vs world	-5.0%	Not published	Not published	-7.7 pp vs world	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-99.7 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1990	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	86.1%	Not published	Not published	+7.7 pp vs world	-5.3%	Not published	Not published	-6.5 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1991	12.9%	Not published	Not published	-7.6 pp vs world	85.0%	Not published	Not published	+6.2 pp vs world	-10.3%	Not published	Not published	-10.3 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1992	11.3%	Not published	Not published	-8.5 pp vs world	83.3%	Not published	Not published	+5.0 pp vs world	-7.0%	Not published	Not published	-6.4 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1993	9.2%	Not published	Not published	-10.0 pp vs world	80.5%	Not published	Not published	+3.0 pp vs world	-14.7%	Not published	Not published	-14.1 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1994	7.5%	Not published	Not published	-11.6 pp vs world	75.7%	Not published	Not published	-2.6 pp vs world	-11.2%	Not published	Not published	-14.7 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1995	6.8%	Not published	Not published	-12.4 pp vs world	73.9%	Not published	Not published	-4.1 pp vs world	-7.3%	Not published	Not published	-12.2 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1996	6.0%	Not published	Not published	-12.6 pp vs world	70.9%	Not published	Not published	-5.6 pp vs world	-7.7%	Not published	Not published	-10.3 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1997	5.3%	Not published	Not published	-13.0 pp vs world	68.7%	Not published	Not published	-7.3 pp vs world	-7.6%	Not published	Not published	-12.1 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1998	5.0%	Not published	Not published	-12.8 pp vs world	63.6%	Not published	Not published	-13.2 pp vs world	-12.7%	Not published	Not published	-14.1 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-99.8 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	1999	4.7%	Not published	Not published	-12.8 pp vs world	61.0%	Not published	Not published	-14.9 pp vs world	-3.8%	Not published	Not published	-7.1 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2000	4.8%	Not published	Not published	-12.6 pp vs world	62.0%	Not published	Not published	-11.9 pp vs world	10.5%	Not published	Not published	+4.1 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2001	4.2%	Not published	Not published	-12.2 pp vs world	58.0%	Not published	Not published	-14.6 pp vs world	-8.9%	Not published	Not published	-8.2 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2002	3.7%	Not published	Not published	-12.3 pp vs world	53.1%	Not published	Not published	-19.0 pp vs world	-9.7%	Not published	Not published	-10.7 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2003	3.2%	Not published	Not published	-12.7 pp vs world	49.6%	Not published	Not published	-21.9 pp vs world	-10.5%	Not published	Not published	-13.9 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2004	3.1%	Not published	Not published	-14.2 pp vs world	49.3%	Not published	Not published	-27.2 pp vs world	2.3%	Not published	Not published	-17.2 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2005	2.9%	Not published	Not published	-14.2 pp vs world	49.3%	Not published	Not published	-24.7 pp vs world	1.6%	Not published	Not published	-2.7 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2006	2.7%	Not published	Not published	-14.4 pp vs world	49.0%	Not published	Not published	-23.5 pp vs world	1.8%	Not published	Not published	-4.9 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2007	2.0%	Not published	Not published	-15.1 pp vs world	44.3%	Not published	Not published	-28.2 pp vs world	-0.8%	Not published	Not published	-6.9 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2008	1.9%	Not published	Not published	-14.9 pp vs world	44.3%	Not published	Not published	-25.6 pp vs world	-7.0%	Not published	Not published	-8.2 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2009	1.8%	Not published	Not published	-14.4 pp vs world	45.0%	Not published	Not published	-27.6 pp vs world	-8.2%	Not published	Not published	-1.8 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2010	1.8%	Not published	Not published	-15.0 pp vs world	46.9%	Not published	Not published	-23.9 pp vs world	3.3%	Not published	Not published	-5.7 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2011	1.6%	Not published	Not published	-15.2 pp vs world	47.4%	Not published	Not published	-21.9 pp vs world	0.7%	Not published	Not published	-3.6 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2012	1.5%	Not published	Not published	-15.2 pp vs world	46.4%	Not published	Not published	-23.1 pp vs world	-0.8%	Not published	Not published	-3.2 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2013	1.4%	Not published	Not published	-15.2 pp vs world	46.2%	Not published	Not published	-23.8 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.1 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2014	1.3%	Not published	Not published	-15.5 pp vs world	43.9%	Not published	Not published	-27.9 pp vs world	-0.4%	Not published	Not published	-4.6 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2015	1.1%	Not published	Not published	-15.9 pp vs world	43.5%	Not published	Not published	-32.7 pp vs world	-1.5%	Not published	Not published	-5.1 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2016	1.1%	Not published	Not published	-15.7 pp vs world	43.8%	Not published	Not published	-33.5 pp vs world	-0.4%	Not published	Not published	-2.9 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2017	1.1%	Not published	Not published	-15.7 pp vs world	43.8%	Not published	Not published	-32.3 pp vs world	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-2.9 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2018	1.0%	Not published	Not published	-15.8 pp vs world	43.6%	Not published	Not published	-31.4 pp vs world	1.3%	Not published	Not published	-2.7 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2019	1.1%	Not published	Not published	-15.3 pp vs world	46.3%	Not published	Not published	-29.3 pp vs world	0.4%	Not published	Not published	-1.0 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2020	1.0%	Not published	Not published	-15.3 pp vs world	41.9%	Not published	Not published	-35.6 pp vs world	-5.8%	Not published	Not published	-3.4 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2021	1.0%	Not published	Not published	-15.9 pp vs world	41.9%	Not published	Not published	-33.6 pp vs world	5.5%	Not published	Not published	-3.5 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2022	1.0%	Not published	Not published	-15.4 pp vs world	45.0%	Not published	Not published	-26.9 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-1.8 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2023	1.0%	Not published	Not published	-15.0 pp vs world	46.4%	Not published	Not published	-27.0 pp vs world	3.7%	Not published	Not published	+2.2 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Hong Kong SAR	2024	1.0%	Not published	Not published	-14.7 pp vs world	45.9%	Not published	Not published	-28.1 pp vs world	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-2.1 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

Manufacturing is part of mining, manufacturing and utilities; it is not a seventh broad-industry slice. Share and real growth describe different dimensions.

Current manufacturing specialization

Asia0.04×

Eastern Asia0.04×

World0.06×

China, Hong Kong SAR Economic Overview

Read the economy through three eras

What should a reader know first?

Real output, indexed to a shared starting year

Real GDP trajectory

How large is the economy, and where does it sit globally?

Nominal GDP

Nominal GDP and UN benchmarks

What does the record show per person?

GDP per person

GDP per person and UN benchmarks

How quickly has real activity changed, and how have output prices moved?

Real GDP growth

Real GDP growth and UN benchmarks

How is output used for consumption and domestic demand?

Final Consumption

Final consumption and UN benchmarks

How much current output is directed toward capital formation?

Gross Capital Formation

Gross capital formation and UN benchmarks

How exposed is the economy to trade, and what is the external balance?

Trade openness

Trade openness and UN benchmarks

Which activities produce value, and how is the mix changing?

Structural change across six activities

Industry composition and economic scale

Broad industry structure over time

What role does manufacturing play at home and in the world?

Manufacturing in the economic structure