Three fixed historical periods

Read the economy through three eras

Every chart uses the same labeled periods. There is no page-wide selection to remember as you move between topics.

Formation1970–1990

Integration1990–2010

Current era2010–2024

01 · Economic overview

What should a reader know first?

Latest values orient the reader; the three-era analysis below shows how the economic record developed.

Nominal GDP$49.47B2024 · Latest current-price total · World rank 93 of 210

Real GDP growth7.8%2024 · Latest constant-price annual change · Constant-price annual change

GDP per capita$68,6802024 · Current U.S. dollars; not PPP adjusted · Current U.S. dollars; not PPP adjusted

Share of world GDP0.0%2024 · Share of the official world total · Official world aggregate denominator

Largest broad activity71.5%2024 · Largest broad production activity · Other activities

Manufacturing0.9%2024 · Share of total gross value added · World gap −14.8 pp

Economic overview annual rank and index table55 annual rows

Annual core economic measures, world ranks and comparable world indices. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

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From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Economic overview annual rank and index table

China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1970	$169.03M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	$657	Not published	Not published	70.7 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1971	$202.36M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+3.6 pp vs world	$768	Not published	Not published	76.7 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1972	$247.85M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	7.9%	Not published	Not published	+2.5 pp vs world	$907	Not published	Not published	80.3 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1973	$338.12M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+1.4 pp vs world	$1,351	Not published	Not published	100.2 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1974	$389.03M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+5.7 pp vs world	$1,757	Not published	Not published	117.2 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1975	$450.27M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	7.9%	Not published	Not published	+7.1 pp vs world	$2,011	Not published	Not published	122.2 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1976	$447.85M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+2.6 pp vs world	$1,970	Not published	Not published	112.7 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1977	$572.81M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	7.9%	Not published	Not published	+3.7 pp vs world	$2,474	Not published	Not published	128.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1978	$749.04M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	8.0%	Not published	Not published	+3.6 pp vs world	$3,171	Not published	Not published	140.9 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1979	$852.96M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	7.5%	Not published	Not published	+3.5 pp vs world	$3,537	Not published	Not published	139.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1980	$1.02B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+6.2 pp vs world	$4,142	Not published	Not published	148.4 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1981	$1.08B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	8.2%	Not published	Not published	+6.3 pp vs world	$4,261	Not published	Not published	152.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1982	$1.14B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	6.2%	Not published	Not published	+5.8 pp vs world	$4,376	Not published	Not published	160.4 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1983	$1.13B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	10.0%	Not published	Not published	+7.2 pp vs world	$4,189	Not published	Not published	152.4 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1984	$1.30B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	8.5%	Not published	Not published	+3.8 pp vs world	$4,649	Not published	Not published	167.5 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1985	$1.36B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.7%	Not published	Not published	-2.8 pp vs world	$4,676	Not published	Not published	167.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1986	$1.53B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	6.7%	Not published	Not published	+3.5 pp vs world	$5,062	Not published	Not published	159.6 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1987	$1.96B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	14.3%	Not published	Not published	+10.6 pp vs world	$6,223	Not published	Not published	176.7 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1988	$2.29B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+3.3 pp vs world	$7,001	Not published	Not published	180.9 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1989	$2.71B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	5.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.3 pp vs world	$7,976	Not published	Not published	200.7 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1990	$3.25B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	8.0%	Not published	Not published	+5.0 pp vs world	$9,246	Not published	Not published	213.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1991	$3.77B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	3.7%	Not published	Not published	+2.4 pp vs world	$10,394	Not published	Not published	232.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1992	$4.91B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	13.3%	Not published	Not published	+11.2 pp vs world	$13,202	Not published	Not published	279.8 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1993	$5.67B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	5.2%	Not published	Not published	+3.5 pp vs world	$14,858	Not published	Not published	313.8 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1994	$6.31B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	4.3%	Not published	Not published	+1.0 pp vs world	$16,178	Not published	Not published	325.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1995	$7.05B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	3.3%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	$17,673	Not published	Not published	324.9 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1996	$7.18B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	-0.4%	Not published	Not published	-4.0 pp vs world	$17,632	Not published	Not published	321.9 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1997	$7.27B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	-0.3%	Not published	Not published	-4.2 pp vs world	$17,509	Not published	Not published	325.7 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1998	$6.80B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	-4.6%	Not published	Not published	-7.4 pp vs world	$16,076	Not published	Not published	305.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1999	$6.55B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	-2.4%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	$15,217	Not published	Not published	281.6 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2000	$6.77B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	5.7%	Not published	Not published	+1.3 pp vs world	$15,490	Not published	Not published	282.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2001	$6.86B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	2.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.8 pp vs world	$15,412	Not published	Not published	286.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2002	$7.37B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	8.9%	Not published	Not published	+6.7 pp vs world	$16,165	Not published	Not published	292.3 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2003	$8.25B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	11.6%	Not published	Not published	+8.6 pp vs world	$17,581	Not published	Not published	287.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2004	$10.64B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	26.6%	Not published	Not published	+22.2 pp vs world	$22,072	Not published	Not published	324.3 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2005	$12.16B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+4.1 pp vs world	$24,545	Not published	Not published	336.9 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2006	$14.87B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	13.4%	Not published	Not published	+9.0 pp vs world	$29,237	Not published	Not published	374.9 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2007	$18.44B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	14.5%	Not published	Not published	+10.1 pp vs world	$35,307	Not published	Not published	406.6 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2008	$21.03B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	3.4%	Not published	Not published	+1.4 pp vs world	$39,235	Not published	Not published	416.7 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2009	$21.59B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	1.3%	Not published	Not published	+2.7 pp vs world	$39,291	Not published	Not published	445.4 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2010	$28.24B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	25.1%	Not published	Not published	+20.7 pp vs world	$50,185	Not published	Not published	526.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2011	$36.85B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	21.6%	Not published	Not published	+18.3 pp vs world	$64,015	Not published	Not published	610.7 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2012	$43.19B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	9.2%	Not published	Not published	+6.5 pp vs world	$73,527	Not published	Not published	695.5 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2013	$51.56B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	10.8%	Not published	Not published	+8.0 pp vs world	$86,112	Not published	Not published	801.0 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2014	$54.93B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	-2.0%	Not published	Not published	-5.1 pp vs world	$90,005	Not published	Not published	825.8 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2015	$44.94B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	-21.8%	Not published	Not published	-24.9 pp vs world	$72,231	Not published	Not published	709.2 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2016	$44.96B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	-0.7%	Not published	Not published	-3.4 pp vs world	$70,888	Not published	Not published	692.8 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2017	$50.30B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	9.9%	Not published	Not published	+6.5 pp vs world	$77,792	Not published	Not published	722.6 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2018	$55.08B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	6.4%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	$83,605	Not published	Not published	739.5 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2019	$55.03B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	-2.5%	Not published	Not published	-5.1 pp vs world	$82,008	Not published	Not published	722.6 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2020	$25.28B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	-54.4%	Not published	Not published	-51.5 pp vs world	$37,010	Not published	Not published	337.7 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2021	$30.63B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	22.5%	Not published	Not published	+16.0 pp vs world	$44,116	Not published	Not published	355.3 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2022	$24.93B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	-19.0%	Not published	Not published	-22.3 pp vs world	$35,393	Not published	Not published	276.4 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2023	$45.63B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	75.3%	Not published	Not published	+72.4 pp vs world	$63,910	Not published	Not published	482.2 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2024	$49.47B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+5.0 pp vs world	$68,680	Not published	Not published	502.3 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

The long view

Real output, indexed to a shared starting year

Indexing allows the country and benchmark trajectories to be compared without confusing their very different economic sizes.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

China, Macao Special Administrative RegionAsiaEastern AsiaWorldConstant prices · U.S. dollars · index, shared start = 100

02 · Economic size and world position

How large is the economy, and where does it sit globally?

Nominal scale, real volume and share of world output provide three distinct views of economic size.

Full historical record

Nominal GDP

Nominal scale, real volume and share of world output provide three distinct views of economic size.

China, Macao Special Administrative Region is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

China, Macao Special Administrative RegionEastern AsiaAsiaWorldCurrent prices · U.S. dollars

Formation1970–1990

$169.03M → $3.25B

Compound annual change: +15.9% CAGR

Integration1990–2010

$3.25B → $28.24B

Compound annual change: +11.4% CAGR

Current era2010–2024

$28.24B → $49.47B

Compound annual change: +4.1% CAGR

Nominal GDP$49.47B2024 · Published series · World rank 93 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Real GDP$47.44B2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Share of world GDP0.0%2024 · Derived measure · World rank unavailable

Economic size and world position: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the economic size and world position section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Economic size and world position: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1970	$169.03M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$2.61B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1971	$202.36M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$2.81B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1972	$247.85M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$3.03B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1973	$338.12M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$3.27B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1974	$389.03M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$3.53B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1975	$450.27M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$3.81B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1976	$447.85M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$4.10B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1977	$572.81M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$4.43B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1978	$749.04M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$4.78B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1979	$852.96M	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$5.14B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1980	$1.02B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$5.56B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1981	$1.08B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$6.01B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1982	$1.14B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$6.39B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1983	$1.13B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$7.03B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1984	$1.30B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$7.62B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1985	$1.36B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$7.68B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1986	$1.53B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$8.19B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1987	$1.96B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$9.37B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1988	$2.29B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$10.10B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1989	$2.71B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$10.60B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1990	$3.25B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$11.45B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1991	$3.77B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$11.87B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1992	$4.91B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$13.45B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1993	$5.67B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$14.15B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1994	$6.31B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$14.75B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1995	$7.05B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$15.23B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1996	$7.18B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$15.17B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1997	$7.27B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$15.13B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1998	$6.80B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$14.44B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1999	$6.55B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$14.10B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2000	$6.77B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$14.91B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2001	$6.86B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$15.34B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2002	$7.37B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$16.70B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2003	$8.25B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$18.65B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2004	$10.64B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$23.61B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2005	$12.16B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$25.52B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2006	$14.87B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$28.94B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2007	$18.44B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$33.13B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2008	$21.03B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$34.25B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2009	$21.59B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$34.70B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2010	$28.24B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$43.41B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2011	$36.85B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$52.79B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2012	$43.19B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	$57.66B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2013	$51.56B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	$63.88B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2014	$54.93B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	$62.58B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2015	$44.94B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	$48.96B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2016	$44.96B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	$48.62B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2017	$50.30B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	$53.44B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2018	$55.08B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	$56.84B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2019	$55.03B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	$55.44B	Not published	Not published	0.1 (world = 100)	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-99.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2020	$25.28B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$25.28B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2021	$30.63B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$30.96B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2022	$24.93B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$25.09B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2023	$45.63B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$43.98B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2024	$49.47B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	$47.44B	Not published	Not published	0.0 (world = 100)	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

Current U.S.-dollar GDP reflects domestic prices and exchange rates as well as production. It is not PPP adjusted.

Latest common comparison

Asia$40.60T2024

Eastern Asia$25.94T2024

World$111.57T2024

03 · Output and income per person

What does the record show per person?

Current and constant-price per-person measures separate present-dollar scale from real change.

Full historical record

GDP per person

Current and constant-price per-person measures separate present-dollar scale from real change.

China, Macao Special Administrative Region is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

China, Macao Special Administrative RegionEastern AsiaAsiaWorldCurrent prices · U.S. dollars per person

Formation1970–1990

$657 → $9,246

Compound annual change: +14.1% CAGR

Integration1990–2010

$9,246 → $50,185

Compound annual change: +8.8% CAGR

Current era2010–2024

$50,185 → $68,680

Compound annual change: +2.3% CAGR

GDP per person$68,6802024 · Published series · World rank 14 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Real GDP per person$65,8612024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Output and income per person: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the output and income per person section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Output and income per person: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1970	$657	Not published	Not published	70.7 (world = 100)	$10,135	Not published	Not published	195.3 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1971	$768	Not published	Not published	76.7 (world = 100)	$10,678	Not published	Not published	201.5 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1972	$907	Not published	Not published	80.3 (world = 100)	$11,107	Not published	Not published	202.9 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1973	$1,351	Not published	Not published	100.2 (world = 100)	$13,071	Not published	Not published	228.8 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1974	$1,757	Not published	Not published	117.2 (world = 100)	$15,940	Not published	Not published	278.4 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1975	$2,011	Not published	Not published	122.2 (world = 100)	$16,999	Not published	Not published	300.0 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1976	$1,970	Not published	Not published	112.7 (world = 100)	$18,046	Not published	Not published	308.2 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1977	$2,474	Not published	Not published	128.0 (world = 100)	$19,118	Not published	Not published	319.1 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1978	$3,171	Not published	Not published	140.9 (world = 100)	$20,232	Not published	Not published	329.2 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1979	$3,537	Not published	Not published	139.0 (world = 100)	$21,309	Not published	Not published	339.2 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1980	$4,142	Not published	Not published	148.4 (world = 100)	$22,581	Not published	Not published	359.0 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1981	$4,261	Not published	Not published	152.1 (world = 100)	$23,817	Not published	Not published	378.2 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1982	$4,376	Not published	Not published	160.4 (world = 100)	$24,475	Not published	Not published	394.0 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1983	$4,189	Not published	Not published	152.4 (world = 100)	$25,988	Not published	Not published	414.3 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1984	$4,649	Not published	Not published	167.5 (world = 100)	$27,177	Not published	Not published	421.3 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1985	$4,676	Not published	Not published	167.0 (world = 100)	$26,368	Not published	Not published	402.1 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1986	$5,062	Not published	Not published	159.6 (world = 100)	$27,074	Not published	Not published	407.4 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1987	$6,223	Not published	Not published	176.7 (world = 100)	$29,769	Not published	Not published	440.2 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1988	$7,001	Not published	Not published	180.9 (world = 100)	$30,888	Not published	Not published	445.0 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1989	$7,976	Not published	Not published	200.7 (world = 100)	$31,262	Not published	Not published	442.1 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1990	$9,246	Not published	Not published	213.1 (world = 100)	$32,613	Not published	Not published	455.7 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1991	$10,394	Not published	Not published	232.0 (world = 100)	$32,766	Not published	Not published	460.0 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1992	$13,202	Not published	Not published	279.8 (world = 100)	$36,128	Not published	Not published	505.0 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1993	$14,858	Not published	Not published	313.8 (world = 100)	$37,097	Not published	Not published	517.6 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1994	$16,178	Not published	Not published	325.1 (world = 100)	$37,803	Not published	Not published	518.3 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1995	$17,673	Not published	Not published	324.9 (world = 100)	$38,210	Not published	Not published	515.6 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1996	$17,632	Not published	Not published	321.9 (world = 100)	$37,270	Not published	Not published	492.7 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1997	$17,509	Not published	Not published	325.7 (world = 100)	$36,446	Not published	Not published	470.4 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1998	$16,076	Not published	Not published	305.0 (world = 100)	$34,143	Not published	Not published	434.5 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1999	$15,217	Not published	Not published	281.6 (world = 100)	$32,761	Not published	Not published	408.0 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2000	$15,490	Not published	Not published	282.1 (world = 100)	$34,085	Not published	Not published	411.9 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2001	$15,412	Not published	Not published	286.1 (world = 100)	$34,454	Not published	Not published	413.4 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2002	$16,165	Not published	Not published	292.3 (world = 100)	$36,626	Not published	Not published	435.6 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2003	$17,581	Not published	Not published	287.1 (world = 100)	$39,754	Not published	Not published	465.0 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2004	$22,072	Not published	Not published	324.3 (world = 100)	$48,970	Not published	Not published	555.7 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2005	$24,545	Not published	Not published	336.9 (world = 100)	$51,515	Not published	Not published	569.4 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2006	$29,237	Not published	Not published	374.9 (world = 100)	$56,882	Not published	Not published	609.7 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2007	$35,307	Not published	Not published	406.6 (world = 100)	$63,433	Not published	Not published	660.1 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2008	$39,235	Not published	Not published	416.7 (world = 100)	$63,914	Not published	Not published	660.4 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2009	$39,291	Not published	Not published	445.4 (world = 100)	$63,147	Not published	Not published	670.3 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2010	$50,185	Not published	Not published	526.0 (world = 100)	$77,129	Not published	Not published	794.0 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2011	$64,015	Not published	Not published	610.7 (world = 100)	$91,716	Not published	Not published	925.8 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2012	$73,527	Not published	Not published	695.5 (world = 100)	$98,155	Not published	Not published	976.6 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2013	$86,112	Not published	Not published	801.0 (world = 100)	$106,686	Not published	Not published	1045.5 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2014	$90,005	Not published	Not published	825.8 (world = 100)	$102,532	Not published	Not published	986.9 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2015	$72,231	Not published	Not published	709.2 (world = 100)	$78,696	Not published	Not published	743.2 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2016	$70,888	Not published	Not published	692.8 (world = 100)	$76,649	Not published	Not published	712.8 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2017	$77,792	Not published	Not published	722.6 (world = 100)	$82,656	Not published	Not published	751.8 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2018	$83,605	Not published	Not published	739.5 (world = 100)	$86,282	Not published	Not published	768.5 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2019	$82,008	Not published	Not published	722.6 (world = 100)	$82,628	Not published	Not published	724.7 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2020	$37,010	Not published	Not published	337.7 (world = 100)	$37,010	Not published	Not published	337.7 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2021	$44,116	Not published	Not published	355.3 (world = 100)	$44,583	Not published	Not published	385.5 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2022	$35,393	Not published	Not published	276.4 (world = 100)	$35,621	Not published	Not published	300.6 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2023	$63,910	Not published	Not published	482.2 (world = 100)	$61,610	Not published	Not published	509.6 (world = 100)
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2024	$68,680	Not published	Not published	502.3 (world = 100)	$65,861	Not published	Not published	534.4 (world = 100)

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

GDP per person is an accounting average, not a measure of household income distribution or living costs.

Latest common comparison

Asia$8,4482024

Eastern Asia$15,6702024

World$13,6732024

04 · Real growth and output prices

How quickly has real activity changed, and how have output prices moved?

Real GDP growth, per-person growth and the implicit deflator answer different questions.

Full historical record

Real GDP growth

Real GDP growth, per-person growth and the implicit deflator answer different questions.

China, Macao Special Administrative Region is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

China, Macao Special Administrative RegionEastern AsiaAsiaWorldConstant prices · percent

Formation1970–1990

7.8% → 8.0%

Average annual rate: +7.7%

Integration1990–2010

8.0% → 25.1%

Average annual rate: +7.2%

Current era2010–2024

25.1% → 7.8%

Average annual rate: +5.9%

Real GDP growth7.8%2024 · Published series · World rank 10 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Real GDP-per-person growth6.9%2024 · Published series · World rank 8 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Implicit GDP deflator104.92024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Real growth and output prices: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the real growth and output prices section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Real growth and output prices: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1970	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	4.9	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1971	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+3.6 pp vs world	5.4%	Not published	Not published	+3.2 pp vs world	5.4	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1972	7.9%	Not published	Not published	+2.5 pp vs world	4.0%	Not published	Not published	+0.7 pp vs world	5.8	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1973	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+1.4 pp vs world	17.7%	Not published	Not published	+13.3 pp vs world	6.4	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1974	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+5.7 pp vs world	21.9%	Not published	Not published	+21.7 pp vs world	7.0	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1975	7.9%	Not published	Not published	+7.1 pp vs world	6.6%	Not published	Not published	+7.7 pp vs world	7.6	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1976	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+2.6 pp vs world	6.2%	Not published	Not published	+2.8 pp vs world	8.3	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1977	7.9%	Not published	Not published	+3.7 pp vs world	5.9%	Not published	Not published	+3.6 pp vs world	9.0	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1978	8.0%	Not published	Not published	+3.6 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	+3.2 pp vs world	9.9	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1979	7.5%	Not published	Not published	+3.5 pp vs world	5.3%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	10.8	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1980	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+6.2 pp vs world	6.0%	Not published	Not published	+5.9 pp vs world	11.7	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1981	8.2%	Not published	Not published	+6.3 pp vs world	5.5%	Not published	Not published	+5.3 pp vs world	12.9	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1982	6.2%	Not published	Not published	+5.8 pp vs world	2.8%	Not published	Not published	+4.1 pp vs world	13.9	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1983	10.0%	Not published	Not published	+7.2 pp vs world	6.2%	Not published	Not published	+5.2 pp vs world	15.1	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1984	8.5%	Not published	Not published	+3.8 pp vs world	4.6%	Not published	Not published	+1.7 pp vs world	17.2	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1985	0.7%	Not published	Not published	-2.8 pp vs world	-3.0%	Not published	Not published	-4.7 pp vs world	17.8	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1986	6.7%	Not published	Not published	+3.5 pp vs world	2.7%	Not published	Not published	+1.3 pp vs world	18.8	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1987	14.3%	Not published	Not published	+10.6 pp vs world	10.0%	Not published	Not published	+8.2 pp vs world	21.0	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1988	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+3.3 pp vs world	3.8%	Not published	Not published	+1.1 pp vs world	22.8	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1989	5.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.3 pp vs world	1.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.7 pp vs world	25.7	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1990	8.0%	Not published	Not published	+5.0 pp vs world	4.3%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	28.5	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1991	3.7%	Not published	Not published	+2.4 pp vs world	0.5%	Not published	Not published	+0.9 pp vs world	31.8	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1992	13.3%	Not published	Not published	+11.2 pp vs world	10.3%	Not published	Not published	+9.8 pp vs world	36.5	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1993	5.2%	Not published	Not published	+3.5 pp vs world	2.7%	Not published	Not published	+2.5 pp vs world	39.9	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1994	4.3%	Not published	Not published	+1.0 pp vs world	1.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	42.6	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1995	3.3%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	1.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world	46.1	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1996	-0.4%	Not published	Not published	-4.0 pp vs world	-2.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.5 pp vs world	47.2	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1997	-0.3%	Not published	Not published	-4.2 pp vs world	-2.2%	Not published	Not published	-4.7 pp vs world	48.0	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1998	-4.6%	Not published	Not published	-7.4 pp vs world	-6.3%	Not published	Not published	-7.7 pp vs world	47.0	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1999	-2.4%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	-4.0%	Not published	Not published	-6.2 pp vs world	46.5	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2000	5.7%	Not published	Not published	+1.3 pp vs world	4.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.0 pp vs world	45.7	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2001	2.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.8 pp vs world	1.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world	45.0	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2002	8.9%	Not published	Not published	+6.7 pp vs world	6.3%	Not published	Not published	+5.4 pp vs world	44.4	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2003	11.6%	Not published	Not published	+8.6 pp vs world	8.5%	Not published	Not published	+6.9 pp vs world	44.4	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2004	26.6%	Not published	Not published	+22.2 pp vs world	23.2%	Not published	Not published	+20.1 pp vs world	45.3	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2005	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+4.1 pp vs world	5.2%	Not published	Not published	+2.5 pp vs world	47.8	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2006	13.4%	Not published	Not published	+9.0 pp vs world	10.4%	Not published	Not published	+7.3 pp vs world	51.5	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2007	14.5%	Not published	Not published	+10.1 pp vs world	11.5%	Not published	Not published	+8.5 pp vs world	56.0	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2008	3.4%	Not published	Not published	+1.4 pp vs world	0.8%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	61.6	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2009	1.3%	Not published	Not published	+2.7 pp vs world	-1.2%	Not published	Not published	+1.5 pp vs world	62.2	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2010	25.1%	Not published	Not published	+20.7 pp vs world	22.1%	Not published	Not published	+19.0 pp vs world	65.2	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2011	21.6%	Not published	Not published	+18.3 pp vs world	18.9%	Not published	Not published	+16.9 pp vs world	70.1	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2012	9.2%	Not published	Not published	+6.5 pp vs world	7.0%	Not published	Not published	+5.6 pp vs world	74.9	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2013	10.8%	Not published	Not published	+8.0 pp vs world	8.7%	Not published	Not published	+7.2 pp vs world	80.7	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2014	-2.0%	Not published	Not published	-5.1 pp vs world	-3.9%	Not published	Not published	-5.7 pp vs world	87.8	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2015	-21.8%	Not published	Not published	-24.9 pp vs world	-23.2%	Not published	Not published	-25.2 pp vs world	91.7	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2016	-0.7%	Not published	Not published	-3.4 pp vs world	-2.6%	Not published	Not published	-4.1 pp vs world	92.6	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2017	9.9%	Not published	Not published	+6.5 pp vs world	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+5.6 pp vs world	94.6	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2018	6.4%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	4.4%	Not published	Not published	+2.3 pp vs world	97.9	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2019	-2.5%	Not published	Not published	-5.1 pp vs world	-4.2%	Not published	Not published	-5.8 pp vs world	100.3	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2020	-54.4%	Not published	Not published	-51.5 pp vs world	-55.2%	Not published	Not published	-51.3 pp vs world	100.0	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2021	22.5%	Not published	Not published	+16.0 pp vs world	20.5%	Not published	Not published	+14.9 pp vs world	99.2	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2022	-19.0%	Not published	Not published	-22.3 pp vs world	-20.1%	Not published	Not published	-22.6 pp vs world	100.3	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2023	75.3%	Not published	Not published	+72.4 pp vs world	73.0%	Not published	Not published	+70.9 pp vs world	104.7	Not published	Not published
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2024	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+5.0 pp vs world	6.9%	Not published	Not published	+5.0 pp vs world	104.9	Not published	Not published

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

The implicit GDP deflator covers domestically produced output and is not a consumer price index. Annual growth can be volatile.

Latest common comparison

Asia3.9%2024

Eastern Asia3.7%2024

World2.8%2024

05 · Consumption and domestic demand

How is output used for consumption and domestic demand?

Household and government consumption sit inside final consumption; domestic demand also includes capital formation.

Full historical record

Final Consumption

Household and government consumption sit inside final consumption; domestic demand also includes capital formation.

China, Macao Special Administrative Region is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

China, Macao Special Administrative RegionEastern AsiaAsiaWorldCurrent prices · national currency · percent

Formation1970–1990

65.2% → 56.4%

Percentage-point change: -8.9 pp

Integration1990–2010

56.4% → 31.8%

Percentage-point change: -24.5 pp

Current era2010–2024

31.8% → 43.6%

Percentage-point change: +11.8 pp

Final consumption43.6%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Household consumption31.2%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Government consumption12.5%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Domestic demand57.7%2024 · Derived measure · World rank unavailable

Consumption and domestic demand: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the consumption and domestic demand section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Consumption and domestic demand: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1970	65.2%	Not published	Not published	-7.5 pp vs world	59.4%	Not published	Not published	+2.4 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-9.7 pp vs world	88.1%	Not published	Not published	-12.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1971	65.2%	Not published	Not published	-7.8 pp vs world	59.4%	Not published	Not published	+2.4 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-10.1 pp vs world	88.1%	Not published	Not published	-12.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1972	65.2%	Not published	Not published	-7.7 pp vs world	59.4%	Not published	Not published	+2.6 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-10.1 pp vs world	88.0%	Not published	Not published	-12.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1973	65.2%	Not published	Not published	-6.4 pp vs world	59.4%	Not published	Not published	+3.5 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-9.8 pp vs world	88.1%	Not published	Not published	-12.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1974	65.2%	Not published	Not published	-6.5 pp vs world	59.4%	Not published	Not published	+3.7 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-10.2 pp vs world	88.1%	Not published	Not published	-12.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1975	65.2%	Not published	Not published	-8.5 pp vs world	59.3%	Not published	Not published	+2.8 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-11.1 pp vs world	88.0%	Not published	Not published	-12.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1976	65.2%	Not published	Not published	-7.7 pp vs world	59.4%	Not published	Not published	+3.3 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-10.8 pp vs world	88.1%	Not published	Not published	-12.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1977	65.3%	Not published	Not published	-7.6 pp vs world	59.5%	Not published	Not published	+3.3 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-10.8 pp vs world	88.1%	Not published	Not published	-13.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1978	65.0%	Not published	Not published	-7.6 pp vs world	59.2%	Not published	Not published	+3.2 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-10.7 pp vs world	87.9%	Not published	Not published	-13.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1979	65.5%	Not published	Not published	-7.1 pp vs world	59.7%	Not published	Not published	+3.6 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-10.6 pp vs world	88.1%	Not published	Not published	-12.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1980	65.3%	Not published	Not published	-7.8 pp vs world	59.6%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-10.8 pp vs world	88.4%	Not published	Not published	-12.7 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1981	64.1%	Not published	Not published	-9.3 pp vs world	58.3%	Not published	Not published	+1.7 pp vs world	5.9%	Not published	Not published	-10.9 pp vs world	87.0%	Not published	Not published	-13.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1982	67.0%	Not published	Not published	-7.6 pp vs world	61.2%	Not published	Not published	+3.8 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-11.3 pp vs world	89.0%	Not published	Not published	-11.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1983	64.9%	Not published	Not published	-10.1 pp vs world	59.2%	Not published	Not published	+1.3 pp vs world	5.7%	Not published	Not published	-11.4 pp vs world	89.3%	Not published	Not published	-11.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1984	60.5%	Not published	Not published	-13.8 pp vs world	54.4%	Not published	Not published	-3.3 pp vs world	6.2%	Not published	Not published	-10.4 pp vs world	82.8%	Not published	Not published	-18.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1985	63.7%	Not published	Not published	-11.2 pp vs world	56.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.7 pp vs world	7.2%	Not published	Not published	-9.4 pp vs world	86.4%	Not published	Not published	-14.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1986	63.0%	Not published	Not published	-12.2 pp vs world	55.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.7 pp vs world	7.5%	Not published	Not published	-9.4 pp vs world	88.2%	Not published	Not published	-12.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1987	56.7%	Not published	Not published	-18.4 pp vs world	49.2%	Not published	Not published	-8.9 pp vs world	7.5%	Not published	Not published	-9.4 pp vs world	81.5%	Not published	Not published	-19.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1988	58.2%	Not published	Not published	-16.2 pp vs world	50.1%	Not published	Not published	-7.8 pp vs world	8.2%	Not published	Not published	-8.4 pp vs world	83.4%	Not published	Not published	-17.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1989	57.7%	Not published	Not published	-16.4 pp vs world	48.4%	Not published	Not published	-9.3 pp vs world	9.4%	Not published	Not published	-7.0 pp vs world	82.3%	Not published	Not published	-18.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1990	56.4%	Not published	Not published	-18.4 pp vs world	46.2%	Not published	Not published	-11.9 pp vs world	10.2%	Not published	Not published	-6.4 pp vs world	79.2%	Not published	Not published	-21.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1991	57.6%	Not published	Not published	-17.4 pp vs world	46.8%	Not published	Not published	-11.3 pp vs world	10.8%	Not published	Not published	-6.1 pp vs world	85.3%	Not published	Not published	-15.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1992	50.9%	Not published	Not published	-24.3 pp vs world	42.0%	Not published	Not published	-16.3 pp vs world	8.9%	Not published	Not published	-7.9 pp vs world	82.9%	Not published	Not published	-17.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1993	50.3%	Not published	Not published	-25.3 pp vs world	41.4%	Not published	Not published	-17.4 pp vs world	8.9%	Not published	Not published	-7.8 pp vs world	82.3%	Not published	Not published	-17.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1994	51.3%	Not published	Not published	-24.2 pp vs world	42.0%	Not published	Not published	-16.9 pp vs world	9.3%	Not published	Not published	-7.2 pp vs world	83.3%	Not published	Not published	-16.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1995	51.1%	Not published	Not published	-23.8 pp vs world	41.5%	Not published	Not published	-17.0 pp vs world	9.6%	Not published	Not published	-6.8 pp vs world	77.4%	Not published	Not published	-22.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1996	54.7%	Not published	Not published	-20.3 pp vs world	44.2%	Not published	Not published	-14.5 pp vs world	10.5%	Not published	Not published	-5.8 pp vs world	74.3%	Not published	Not published	-25.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1997	56.7%	Not published	Not published	-18.4 pp vs world	45.4%	Not published	Not published	-13.7 pp vs world	11.4%	Not published	Not published	-4.6 pp vs world	75.4%	Not published	Not published	-24.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1998	60.5%	Not published	Not published	-15.1 pp vs world	47.8%	Not published	Not published	-11.8 pp vs world	12.8%	Not published	Not published	-3.3 pp vs world	76.5%	Not published	Not published	-23.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1999	64.0%	Not published	Not published	-11.8 pp vs world	49.2%	Not published	Not published	-10.5 pp vs world	14.8%	Not published	Not published	-1.2 pp vs world	79.9%	Not published	Not published	-19.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2000	58.9%	Not published	Not published	-16.7 pp vs world	46.4%	Not published	Not published	-13.2 pp vs world	12.5%	Not published	Not published	-3.4 pp vs world	69.2%	Not published	Not published	-30.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2001	58.3%	Not published	Not published	-18.1 pp vs world	45.9%	Not published	Not published	-14.2 pp vs world	12.4%	Not published	Not published	-3.8 pp vs world	67.6%	Not published	Not published	-32.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2002	56.0%	Not published	Not published	-20.9 pp vs world	43.8%	Not published	Not published	-16.4 pp vs world	12.2%	Not published	Not published	-4.5 pp vs world	65.9%	Not published	Not published	-34.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2003	51.4%	Not published	Not published	-25.3 pp vs world	39.7%	Not published	Not published	-20.1 pp vs world	11.7%	Not published	Not published	-5.2 pp vs world	65.1%	Not published	Not published	-34.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2004	43.3%	Not published	Not published	-32.6 pp vs world	33.7%	Not published	Not published	-25.4 pp vs world	9.6%	Not published	Not published	-7.1 pp vs world	59.4%	Not published	Not published	-40.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2005	42.1%	Not published	Not published	-33.3 pp vs world	32.3%	Not published	Not published	-26.4 pp vs world	9.8%	Not published	Not published	-6.9 pp vs world	67.6%	Not published	Not published	-32.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2006	38.2%	Not published	Not published	-36.3 pp vs world	29.5%	Not published	Not published	-28.5 pp vs world	8.7%	Not published	Not published	-7.8 pp vs world	71.7%	Not published	Not published	-27.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2007	36.4%	Not published	Not published	-37.6 pp vs world	27.6%	Not published	Not published	-29.9 pp vs world	8.7%	Not published	Not published	-7.7 pp vs world	72.9%	Not published	Not published	-26.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2008	36.8%	Not published	Not published	-37.1 pp vs world	28.1%	Not published	Not published	-29.0 pp vs world	8.7%	Not published	Not published	-8.1 pp vs world	67.2%	Not published	Not published	-32.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2009	38.0%	Not published	Not published	-38.0 pp vs world	28.4%	Not published	Not published	-29.7 pp vs world	9.6%	Not published	Not published	-8.3 pp vs world	56.5%	Not published	Not published	-42.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2010	31.8%	Not published	Not published	-42.7 pp vs world	23.7%	Not published	Not published	-33.4 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	-9.3 pp vs world	45.1%	Not published	Not published	-54.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2011	28.4%	Not published	Not published	-45.4 pp vs world	21.3%	Not published	Not published	-35.2 pp vs world	7.1%	Not published	Not published	-10.2 pp vs world	42.2%	Not published	Not published	-56.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2012	27.5%	Not published	Not published	-46.2 pp vs world	20.7%	Not published	Not published	-35.9 pp vs world	6.9%	Not published	Not published	-10.2 pp vs world	42.2%	Not published	Not published	-56.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2013	26.1%	Not published	Not published	-47.5 pp vs world	19.6%	Not published	Not published	-37.0 pp vs world	6.5%	Not published	Not published	-10.5 pp vs world	40.1%	Not published	Not published	-58.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2014	27.6%	Not published	Not published	-46.0 pp vs world	20.5%	Not published	Not published	-36.2 pp vs world	7.1%	Not published	Not published	-9.7 pp vs world	47.4%	Not published	Not published	-51.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2015	36.4%	Not published	Not published	-37.3 pp vs world	26.8%	Not published	Not published	-30.3 pp vs world	9.7%	Not published	Not published	-6.9 pp vs world	61.8%	Not published	Not published	-37.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2016	37.4%	Not published	Not published	-36.5 pp vs world	27.0%	Not published	Not published	-30.3 pp vs world	10.4%	Not published	Not published	-6.2 pp vs world	59.3%	Not published	Not published	-40.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2017	34.5%	Not published	Not published	-38.8 pp vs world	24.8%	Not published	Not published	-32.1 pp vs world	9.7%	Not published	Not published	-6.7 pp vs world	54.2%	Not published	Not published	-45.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2018	33.6%	Not published	Not published	-39.2 pp vs world	24.1%	Not published	Not published	-32.2 pp vs world	9.5%	Not published	Not published	-7.0 pp vs world	50.9%	Not published	Not published	-48.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2019	35.8%	Not published	Not published	-37.3 pp vs world	25.5%	Not published	Not published	-30.8 pp vs world	10.2%	Not published	Not published	-6.4 pp vs world	49.9%	Not published	Not published	-49.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2020	73.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.7 pp vs world	48.0%	Not published	Not published	-7.4 pp vs world	25.9%	Not published	Not published	+8.2 pp vs world	100.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2021	64.4%	Not published	Not published	-7.5 pp vs world	43.1%	Not published	Not published	-11.9 pp vs world	21.4%	Not published	Not published	+4.4 pp vs world	87.5%	Not published	Not published	-11.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2022	77.6%	Not published	Not published	+5.6 pp vs world	50.1%	Not published	Not published	-5.4 pp vs world	27.5%	Not published	Not published	+11.1 pp vs world	100.8%	Not published	Not published	+1.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2023	45.7%	Not published	Not published	-27.2 pp vs world	31.9%	Not published	Not published	-24.5 pp vs world	13.9%	Not published	Not published	-2.7 pp vs world	61.0%	Not published	Not published	-38.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2024	43.6%	Not published	Not published	-29.6 pp vs world	31.2%	Not published	Not published	-25.5 pp vs world	12.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.1 pp vs world	57.7%	Not published	Not published	-41.5 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

Parent aggregates and their components should not be added together. Shares describe composition, not the quality of spending.

Latest common comparison

Asia63.9%2024

Eastern Asia60.7%2024

World73.2%2024

06 · Investment and capital formation

How much current output is directed toward capital formation?

Gross capital formation combines fixed investment and inventory change as shares of GDP.

Full historical record

Gross Capital Formation

Gross capital formation combines fixed investment and inventory change as shares of GDP.

China, Macao Special Administrative Region is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

China, Macao Special Administrative RegionEastern AsiaAsiaWorldCurrent prices · national currency · percent

Formation1970–1990

22.8% → 22.8%

Percentage-point change: -0.0 pp

Integration1990–2010

22.8% → 13.2%

Percentage-point change: -9.6 pp

Current era2010–2024

13.2% → 14.1%

Percentage-point change: +0.8 pp

Gross capital formation14.1%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Gross fixed capital formation13.7%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Changes in inventories0.3%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Investment and capital formation: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the investment and capital formation section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Investment and capital formation: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1970	22.8%	Not published	Not published	-4.9 pp vs world	19.9%	Not published	Not published	-3.0 pp vs world	3.0%	Not published	Not published	-1.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1971	22.8%	Not published	Not published	-4.6 pp vs world	19.9%	Not published	Not published	-3.3 pp vs world	3.0%	Not published	Not published	-1.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1972	22.8%	Not published	Not published	-4.5 pp vs world	19.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.6 pp vs world	3.0%	Not published	Not published	+2.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1973	22.8%	Not published	Not published	-5.8 pp vs world	19.9%	Not published	Not published	-7.3 pp vs world	3.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1974	22.8%	Not published	Not published	-5.7 pp vs world	19.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.6 pp vs world	3.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1975	22.9%	Not published	Not published	-4.0 pp vs world	19.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.5 pp vs world	3.0%	Not published	Not published	+2.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1976	22.8%	Not published	Not published	-5.2 pp vs world	19.9%	Not published	Not published	-7.0 pp vs world	2.9%	Not published	Not published	+1.7 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1977	22.9%	Not published	Not published	-5.4 pp vs world	19.9%	Not published	Not published	-7.4 pp vs world	3.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1978	22.9%	Not published	Not published	-5.6 pp vs world	19.8%	Not published	Not published	-7.8 pp vs world	3.1%	Not published	Not published	+2.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1979	22.7%	Not published	Not published	-5.7 pp vs world	20.0%	Not published	Not published	-7.2 pp vs world	2.7%	Not published	Not published	+1.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1980	23.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.9 pp vs world	19.8%	Not published	Not published	-7.3 pp vs world	3.3%	Not published	Not published	+2.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1981	22.9%	Not published	Not published	-4.6 pp vs world	19.7%	Not published	Not published	-7.1 pp vs world	3.2%	Not published	Not published	+2.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1982	22.0%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	20.4%	Not published	Not published	-5.8 pp vs world	1.6%	Not published	Not published	+1.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1983	24.4%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	19.4%	Not published	Not published	-6.3 pp vs world	5.0%	Not published	Not published	+4.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1984	22.2%	Not published	Not published	-4.2 pp vs world	19.3%	Not published	Not published	-6.0 pp vs world	3.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1985	22.7%	Not published	Not published	-3.0 pp vs world	19.8%	Not published	Not published	-5.0 pp vs world	2.9%	Not published	Not published	+2.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1986	25.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world	23.0%	Not published	Not published	-1.9 pp vs world	2.2%	Not published	Not published	+1.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1987	24.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.7 pp vs world	22.0%	Not published	Not published	-2.9 pp vs world	2.8%	Not published	Not published	+2.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1988	25.1%	Not published	Not published	-1.2 pp vs world	22.4%	Not published	Not published	-3.0 pp vs world	2.7%	Not published	Not published	+1.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1989	24.6%	Not published	Not published	-1.6 pp vs world	22.8%	Not published	Not published	-2.2 pp vs world	1.7%	Not published	Not published	+0.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1990	22.8%	Not published	Not published	-3.0 pp vs world	22.3%	Not published	Not published	-2.8 pp vs world	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1991	27.6%	Not published	Not published	+2.4 pp vs world	26.4%	Not published	Not published	+2.1 pp vs world	1.2%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1992	32.0%	Not published	Not published	+7.3 pp vs world	31.1%	Not published	Not published	+7.2 pp vs world	0.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1993	32.0%	Not published	Not published	+7.8 pp vs world	31.1%	Not published	Not published	+7.4 pp vs world	0.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1994	32.0%	Not published	Not published	+7.6 pp vs world	30.8%	Not published	Not published	+7.2 pp vs world	1.2%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1995	26.3%	Not published	Not published	+1.8 pp vs world	25.9%	Not published	Not published	+2.2 pp vs world	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1996	19.6%	Not published	Not published	-4.8 pp vs world	18.7%	Not published	Not published	-5.1 pp vs world	0.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1997	18.7%	Not published	Not published	-5.7 pp vs world	18.5%	Not published	Not published	-5.0 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.7 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1998	16.0%	Not published	Not published	-8.0 pp vs world	16.1%	Not published	Not published	-7.2 pp vs world	-0.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.7 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1999	15.8%	Not published	Not published	-8.1 pp vs world	15.7%	Not published	Not published	-7.8 pp vs world	0.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2000	10.4%	Not published	Not published	-13.9 pp vs world	10.2%	Not published	Not published	-13.4 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2001	9.2%	Not published	Not published	-14.3 pp vs world	9.2%	Not published	Not published	-14.1 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2002	9.9%	Not published	Not published	-13.1 pp vs world	9.5%	Not published	Not published	-13.2 pp vs world	0.4%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2003	13.6%	Not published	Not published	-9.5 pp vs world	13.2%	Not published	Not published	-9.6 pp vs world	0.5%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2004	16.1%	Not published	Not published	-7.8 pp vs world	15.3%	Not published	Not published	-7.8 pp vs world	0.7%	Not published	Not published	-0.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2005	25.5%	Not published	Not published	+1.3 pp vs world	24.9%	Not published	Not published	+1.2 pp vs world	0.7%	Not published	Not published	+0.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2006	33.5%	Not published	Not published	+8.7 pp vs world	32.6%	Not published	Not published	+8.6 pp vs world	0.9%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2007	36.5%	Not published	Not published	+11.3 pp vs world	35.9%	Not published	Not published	+11.6 pp vs world	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-0.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2008	30.4%	Not published	Not published	+5.0 pp vs world	29.6%	Not published	Not published	+5.2 pp vs world	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2009	18.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.9 pp vs world	18.4%	Not published	Not published	-5.3 pp vs world	0.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2010	13.2%	Not published	Not published	-11.3 pp vs world	12.5%	Not published	Not published	-11.1 pp vs world	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2011	13.8%	Not published	Not published	-11.5 pp vs world	12.3%	Not published	Not published	-11.7 pp vs world	1.4%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2012	14.6%	Not published	Not published	-10.7 pp vs world	13.5%	Not published	Not published	-11.0 pp vs world	1.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2013	14.1%	Not published	Not published	-11.4 pp vs world	13.3%	Not published	Not published	-11.2 pp vs world	0.7%	Not published	Not published	-0.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2014	19.8%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	19.0%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2015	25.4%	Not published	Not published	-0.4 pp vs world	24.9%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2016	21.9%	Not published	Not published	-3.5 pp vs world	21.9%	Not published	Not published	-3.0 pp vs world	-0.0%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2017	19.6%	Not published	Not published	-6.3 pp vs world	19.9%	Not published	Not published	-5.3 pp vs world	-0.2%	Not published	Not published	-1.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2018	17.3%	Not published	Not published	-9.1 pp vs world	16.8%	Not published	Not published	-8.8 pp vs world	0.5%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2019	14.2%	Not published	Not published	-12.2 pp vs world	13.9%	Not published	Not published	-12.0 pp vs world	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2020	26.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.1 pp vs world	26.6%	Not published	Not published	+0.6 pp vs world	-0.4%	Not published	Not published	-0.7 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2021	23.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.0 pp vs world	22.5%	Not published	Not published	-3.5 pp vs world	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-0.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2022	23.2%	Not published	Not published	-4.0 pp vs world	22.4%	Not published	Not published	-3.5 pp vs world	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2023	15.3%	Not published	Not published	-11.0 pp vs world	14.6%	Not published	Not published	-11.1 pp vs world	0.7%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2024	14.1%	Not published	Not published	-11.9 pp vs world	13.7%	Not published	Not published	-11.7 pp vs world	0.3%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

A larger investment share is not automatically better; depreciation, utilization and project quality are outside this accounting measure.

Latest common comparison

Asia33.8%2024

Eastern Asia36.7%2024

World26.0%2024

07 · Trade structure and external balance

How exposed is the economy to trade, and what is the external balance?

Exports, imports, openness and net exports distinguish exposure from surplus or deficit.

Full historical record

Trade openness

Exports, imports, openness and net exports distinguish exposure from surplus or deficit.

China, Macao Special Administrative Region is shown against compatible UN benchmarks. The three fixed eras are labeled on the chart and summarized below.

Created by Tesseron World Observatory; data from UN Statistics Division Analysis of Main Aggregates – 28 January 2026 data snapshot.

China, Macao Special Administrative RegionEastern AsiaAsiaWorldCurrent prices · percent

Formation1970–1990

211.7% → 175.7%

Percentage-point change: -36.0 pp

Integration1990–2010

175.7% → 119.9%

Percentage-point change: -55.7 pp

Current era2010–2024

119.9% → 142.1%

Percentage-point change: +22.1 pp

Exports92.2%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Imports49.9%2024 · Published series · World rank unavailable

Net exports42.3%2024 · Derived measure · World rank unavailable

Trade openness142.1%2024 · Derived measure · World rank unavailable

Trade structure and external balance: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices55 annual rows

Annual non-duplicative measures used in the trade structure and external balance section. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Trade structure and external balance: annual rates, ranks and comparison indices

China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1970	111.8%	Not published	Not published	+100.6 pp vs world	99.9%	Not published	Not published	+88.6 pp vs world	12.0%	Not published	Not published	+11.9 pp vs world	211.7%	Not published	Not published	+189.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1971	111.8%	Not published	Not published	+100.4 pp vs world	99.9%	Not published	Not published	+88.5 pp vs world	12.0%	Not published	Not published	+11.9 pp vs world	211.7%	Not published	Not published	+188.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1972	111.8%	Not published	Not published	+100.0 pp vs world	99.9%	Not published	Not published	+88.2 pp vs world	12.0%	Not published	Not published	+11.8 pp vs world	211.7%	Not published	Not published	+188.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1973	111.8%	Not published	Not published	+98.6 pp vs world	99.9%	Not published	Not published	+86.9 pp vs world	12.0%	Not published	Not published	+11.7 pp vs world	211.7%	Not published	Not published	+185.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1974	111.8%	Not published	Not published	+95.7 pp vs world	99.9%	Not published	Not published	+83.8 pp vs world	11.9%	Not published	Not published	+11.9 pp vs world	211.7%	Not published	Not published	+179.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1975	111.8%	Not published	Not published	+96.6 pp vs world	99.9%	Not published	Not published	+84.7 pp vs world	12.0%	Not published	Not published	+12.0 pp vs world	211.7%	Not published	Not published	+181.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1976	111.8%	Not published	Not published	+96.1 pp vs world	99.8%	Not published	Not published	+84.0 pp vs world	12.0%	Not published	Not published	+12.0 pp vs world	211.6%	Not published	Not published	+180.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1977	111.8%	Not published	Not published	+96.0 pp vs world	99.9%	Not published	Not published	+83.8 pp vs world	11.9%	Not published	Not published	+12.2 pp vs world	211.7%	Not published	Not published	+179.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1978	112.0%	Not published	Not published	+96.5 pp vs world	99.8%	Not published	Not published	+84.0 pp vs world	12.1%	Not published	Not published	+12.4 pp vs world	211.8%	Not published	Not published	+180.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1979	111.6%	Not published	Not published	+94.7 pp vs world	99.7%	Not published	Not published	+82.6 pp vs world	11.9%	Not published	Not published	+12.1 pp vs world	211.3%	Not published	Not published	+177.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1980	111.8%	Not published	Not published	+93.5 pp vs world	100.2%	Not published	Not published	+81.6 pp vs world	11.6%	Not published	Not published	+11.9 pp vs world	212.1%	Not published	Not published	+175.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1981	112.4%	Not published	Not published	+94.4 pp vs world	99.5%	Not published	Not published	+81.1 pp vs world	13.0%	Not published	Not published	+13.3 pp vs world	211.9%	Not published	Not published	+175.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1982	110.6%	Not published	Not published	+93.6 pp vs world	99.5%	Not published	Not published	+82.2 pp vs world	11.0%	Not published	Not published	+11.4 pp vs world	210.1%	Not published	Not published	+175.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1983	112.5%	Not published	Not published	+96.0 pp vs world	101.7%	Not published	Not published	+85.0 pp vs world	10.7%	Not published	Not published	+11.0 pp vs world	214.2%	Not published	Not published	+181.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1984	114.3%	Not published	Not published	+97.4 pp vs world	97.1%	Not published	Not published	+80.0 pp vs world	17.2%	Not published	Not published	+17.4 pp vs world	211.4%	Not published	Not published	+177.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1985	105.9%	Not published	Not published	+89.4 pp vs world	92.3%	Not published	Not published	+75.6 pp vs world	13.6%	Not published	Not published	+13.8 pp vs world	198.1%	Not published	Not published	+165.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1986	108.4%	Not published	Not published	+92.6 pp vs world	96.6%	Not published	Not published	+80.6 pp vs world	11.8%	Not published	Not published	+12.0 pp vs world	205.1%	Not published	Not published	+173.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1987	110.3%	Not published	Not published	+93.8 pp vs world	91.8%	Not published	Not published	+75.2 pp vs world	18.5%	Not published	Not published	+18.6 pp vs world	202.1%	Not published	Not published	+168.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1988	106.2%	Not published	Not published	+89.2 pp vs world	89.5%	Not published	Not published	+72.4 pp vs world	16.6%	Not published	Not published	+16.9 pp vs world	195.7%	Not published	Not published	+161.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1989	104.3%	Not published	Not published	+86.9 pp vs world	86.7%	Not published	Not published	+68.9 pp vs world	17.7%	Not published	Not published	+18.0 pp vs world	191.0%	Not published	Not published	+155.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1990	98.3%	Not published	Not published	+79.3 pp vs world	77.4%	Not published	Not published	+58.2 pp vs world	20.8%	Not published	Not published	+21.1 pp vs world	175.7%	Not published	Not published	+137.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1991	91.6%	Not published	Not published	+73.0 pp vs world	76.9%	Not published	Not published	+58.2 pp vs world	14.7%	Not published	Not published	+14.8 pp vs world	168.5%	Not published	Not published	+131.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1992	82.1%	Not published	Not published	+62.3 pp vs world	65.0%	Not published	Not published	+45.6 pp vs world	17.1%	Not published	Not published	+16.7 pp vs world	147.1%	Not published	Not published	+108.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1993	76.2%	Not published	Not published	+57.4 pp vs world	58.4%	Not published	Not published	+40.1 pp vs world	17.7%	Not published	Not published	+17.3 pp vs world	134.6%	Not published	Not published	+97.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1994	73.6%	Not published	Not published	+54.1 pp vs world	56.9%	Not published	Not published	+37.9 pp vs world	16.7%	Not published	Not published	+16.2 pp vs world	130.4%	Not published	Not published	+92.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1995	74.0%	Not published	Not published	+53.4 pp vs world	51.4%	Not published	Not published	+31.2 pp vs world	22.6%	Not published	Not published	+22.1 pp vs world	125.4%	Not published	Not published	+84.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1996	74.0%	Not published	Not published	+52.9 pp vs world	48.3%	Not published	Not published	+27.7 pp vs world	25.7%	Not published	Not published	+25.2 pp vs world	122.3%	Not published	Not published	+80.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1997	73.9%	Not published	Not published	+51.9 pp vs world	49.3%	Not published	Not published	+27.9 pp vs world	24.6%	Not published	Not published	+24.1 pp vs world	123.3%	Not published	Not published	+79.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1998	74.2%	Not published	Not published	+52.4 pp vs world	50.7%	Not published	Not published	+29.3 pp vs world	23.5%	Not published	Not published	+23.1 pp vs world	124.9%	Not published	Not published	+81.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1999	76.2%	Not published	Not published	+54.4 pp vs world	56.1%	Not published	Not published	+34.5 pp vs world	20.1%	Not published	Not published	+19.9 pp vs world	132.3%	Not published	Not published	+88.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2000	89.3%	Not published	Not published	+65.7 pp vs world	58.5%	Not published	Not published	+35.1 pp vs world	30.8%	Not published	Not published	+30.6 pp vs world	147.8%	Not published	Not published	+100.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2001	91.2%	Not published	Not published	+68.3 pp vs world	58.8%	Not published	Not published	+35.8 pp vs world	32.4%	Not published	Not published	+32.4 pp vs world	150.0%	Not published	Not published	+104.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2002	93.3%	Not published	Not published	+70.1 pp vs world	59.1%	Not published	Not published	+36.1 pp vs world	34.1%	Not published	Not published	+34.0 pp vs world	152.4%	Not published	Not published	+106.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2003	92.9%	Not published	Not published	+68.9 pp vs world	57.9%	Not published	Not published	+34.2 pp vs world	34.9%	Not published	Not published	+34.8 pp vs world	150.8%	Not published	Not published	+103.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2004	94.8%	Not published	Not published	+69.0 pp vs world	54.1%	Not published	Not published	+28.7 pp vs world	40.6%	Not published	Not published	+40.3 pp vs world	148.9%	Not published	Not published	+97.7 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2005	84.4%	Not published	Not published	+57.3 pp vs world	52.0%	Not published	Not published	+25.4 pp vs world	32.4%	Not published	Not published	+32.0 pp vs world	136.4%	Not published	Not published	+82.7 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2006	78.5%	Not published	Not published	+49.8 pp vs world	50.2%	Not published	Not published	+22.2 pp vs world	28.3%	Not published	Not published	+27.6 pp vs world	128.8%	Not published	Not published	+72.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2007	78.9%	Not published	Not published	+49.3 pp vs world	51.8%	Not published	Not published	+22.9 pp vs world	27.1%	Not published	Not published	+26.4 pp vs world	130.7%	Not published	Not published	+72.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2008	79.7%	Not published	Not published	+48.7 pp vs world	46.9%	Not published	Not published	+16.7 pp vs world	32.8%	Not published	Not published	+32.0 pp vs world	126.6%	Not published	Not published	+65.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2009	78.5%	Not published	Not published	+52.3 pp vs world	35.0%	Not published	Not published	+9.4 pp vs world	43.5%	Not published	Not published	+42.8 pp vs world	113.6%	Not published	Not published	+61.7 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2010	87.4%	Not published	Not published	+58.8 pp vs world	32.5%	Not published	Not published	+4.9 pp vs world	54.9%	Not published	Not published	+54.0 pp vs world	119.9%	Not published	Not published	+63.7 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2011	90.3%	Not published	Not published	+60.0 pp vs world	32.5%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	57.8%	Not published	Not published	+56.9 pp vs world	122.9%	Not published	Not published	+63.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2012	90.8%	Not published	Not published	+60.6 pp vs world	32.9%	Not published	Not published	+3.8 pp vs world	57.8%	Not published	Not published	+56.9 pp vs world	123.7%	Not published	Not published	+64.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2013	90.6%	Not published	Not published	+60.5 pp vs world	30.8%	Not published	Not published	+1.7 pp vs world	59.9%	Not published	Not published	+58.9 pp vs world	121.4%	Not published	Not published	+62.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2014	85.6%	Not published	Not published	+55.9 pp vs world	33.0%	Not published	Not published	+4.0 pp vs world	52.6%	Not published	Not published	+51.8 pp vs world	118.6%	Not published	Not published	+59.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2015	78.7%	Not published	Not published	+50.6 pp vs world	40.5%	Not published	Not published	+13.0 pp vs world	38.2%	Not published	Not published	+37.6 pp vs world	119.3%	Not published	Not published	+63.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2016	76.8%	Not published	Not published	+49.6 pp vs world	36.1%	Not published	Not published	+9.7 pp vs world	40.7%	Not published	Not published	+39.9 pp vs world	112.9%	Not published	Not published	+59.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2017	80.6%	Not published	Not published	+52.6 pp vs world	34.8%	Not published	Not published	+7.5 pp vs world	45.8%	Not published	Not published	+45.1 pp vs world	115.5%	Not published	Not published	+60.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2018	82.9%	Not published	Not published	+53.8 pp vs world	33.7%	Not published	Not published	+5.5 pp vs world	49.1%	Not published	Not published	+48.3 pp vs world	116.6%	Not published	Not published	+59.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2019	82.6%	Not published	Not published	+54.5 pp vs world	32.6%	Not published	Not published	+5.1 pp vs world	50.1%	Not published	Not published	+49.4 pp vs world	115.2%	Not published	Not published	+59.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2020	61.7%	Not published	Not published	+35.6 pp vs world	61.8%	Not published	Not published	+36.4 pp vs world	-0.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.8 pp vs world	123.4%	Not published	Not published	+71.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2021	91.9%	Not published	Not published	+63.2 pp vs world	79.4%	Not published	Not published	+51.8 pp vs world	12.5%	Not published	Not published	+11.5 pp vs world	171.3%	Not published	Not published	+115.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2022	84.8%	Not published	Not published	+53.9 pp vs world	85.6%	Not published	Not published	+55.5 pp vs world	-0.8%	Not published	Not published	-1.6 pp vs world	170.4%	Not published	Not published	+109.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2023	92.4%	Not published	Not published	+63.4 pp vs world	53.5%	Not published	Not published	+25.1 pp vs world	39.0%	Not published	Not published	+38.2 pp vs world	145.9%	Not published	Not published	+88.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2024	92.2%	Not published	Not published	+63.2 pp vs world	49.9%	Not published	Not published	+21.8 pp vs world	42.3%	Not published	Not published	+41.4 pp vs world	142.1%	Not published	Not published	+85.0 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

Trade openness is exports plus imports relative to GDP. Imports are positive in the source but subtracted in the expenditure identity.

Latest common comparison

Asia60.3%2024

Eastern Asia49.8%2024

World57.1%2024

08 · Industry mix and structural change

Which activities produce value, and how is the mix changing?

Six mutually exclusive activities show the production structure. Manufacturing remains nested inside its parent activity.

Full historical record

Structural change across six activities

Other activities is the largest current activity at 71.5%. Each activity shows change separately for 1970–1990, 1990–2010, and 2010–current.

AMA activity values measure gross value added, not sales, revenue, shipments, gross output, or physical production.

Agriculture, forestry and fishingUnavailable

1970–1990Unavailable1990–2010Unavailable2010–2024Unavailable

World specialization: Unavailable

Mining, manufacturing and utilities2.0%

1970–1990+1.7 pp1990–2010-17.0 pp2010–2024+0.1 pp

World specialization: 0.09×

Construction4.4%

1970–1990-0.1 pp1990–2010+1.1 pp2010–2024-1.0 pp

World specialization: 0.77×

Trade, restaurants and hotels18.4%

1970–1990+0.5 pp1990–2010+3.2 pp2010–2024+4.1 pp

World specialization: 1.27×

Transport, storage and communication3.7%

1970–1990+0.0 pp1990–2010+0.2 pp2010–2024+0.1 pp

World specialization: 0.38×

Other activities71.5%

1970–1990-2.1 pp1990–2010+12.6 pp2010–2024-3.2 pp

World specialization: 1.61×

Industry composition and economic scale

The 100% area view isolates changes in production mix. The current-dollar area view combines those shares with nominal GDP so the total height also shows the expansion or contraction of the economy.

Formation1970–1990

64.2% → 62.1%

Percentage-point change: -2.1 pp

Integration1990–2010

62.1% → 74.7%

Percentage-point change: +12.6 pp

Current era2010–2024

74.7% → 71.5%

Percentage-point change: -3.2 pp

How to read specialization

World specialization compares an activity's share of this country's gross value added with that activity's share of world gross value added. A result of 1.00× means the shares match; above 1.00× means the activity is relatively more prominent locally, while below 1.00× means it is relatively less prominent. It describes economic structure, not productivity or competitiveness.

Current specialization against world

Agriculture, forestry and fishingUnavailable

Mining, manufacturing and utilities0.09×

Construction0.77×

Trade, restaurants and hotels1.27×

Transport, storage and communication0.38×

Other activities1.61×

Industry mix, specialization and world comparison table55 annual rows

Annual shares for the six mutually exclusive broad industries, with world comparisons and ranks wherever comparable data exist. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Industry mix, specialization and world comparison table

China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1970	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-13.7 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.0 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.4 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.4 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+32.7 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1971	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-13.4 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.1 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.4 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.4 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+32.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1972	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-13.4 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.3 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.5 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.4 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+32.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1973	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-13.7 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.3 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.4 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+32.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1974	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-14.6 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.1 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.5 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.2 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+32.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1975	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-13.5 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.3 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.5 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.2 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+31.7 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1976	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-13.7 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.3 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.6 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+31.7 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1977	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-13.6 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.2 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.6 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.4 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+31.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1978	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-13.4 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.3 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.7 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.5 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+31.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1979	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-13.7 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.3 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.6 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.4 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+31.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1980	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-14.0 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.2 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.6 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+30.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1981	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-13.5 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.9 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.7 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.4 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+30.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1982	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-12.6 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.7 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.6 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.4 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+29.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1983	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.1%	Not published	Not published	-12.2 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.4 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.7 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.5 pp vs world	64.3%	Not published	Not published	+28.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1984	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-12.0 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.3 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-3.9 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.6 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+28.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1985	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-11.6 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.2 pp vs world	10.7%	Not published	Not published	-4.1 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.5 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+27.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1986	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.0%	Not published	Not published	-10.7 pp vs world	4.6%	Not published	Not published	-1.4 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-4.1 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.6 pp vs world	64.4%	Not published	Not published	+26.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1987	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.4%	Not published	Not published	-10.0 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	10.7%	Not published	Not published	-3.9 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.7 pp vs world	63.9%	Not published	Not published	+25.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1988	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	17.2%	Not published	Not published	-10.0 pp vs world	4.4%	Not published	Not published	-1.8 pp vs world	10.7%	Not published	Not published	-3.9 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.7 pp vs world	64.2%	Not published	Not published	+25.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1989	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	16.3%	Not published	Not published	-10.6 pp vs world	4.7%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	10.3%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	3.4%	Not published	Not published	-4.6 pp vs world	65.2%	Not published	Not published	+26.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1990	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	18.9%	Not published	Not published	-7.7 pp vs world	4.4%	Not published	Not published	-1.8 pp vs world	11.2%	Not published	Not published	-3.3 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.7 pp vs world	62.1%	Not published	Not published	+22.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1991	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	16.5%	Not published	Not published	-9.5 pp vs world	4.1%	Not published	Not published	-1.9 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-4.2 pp vs world	3.4%	Not published	Not published	-4.8 pp vs world	65.4%	Not published	Not published	+25.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1992	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	13.5%	Not published	Not published	-11.8 pp vs world	5.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.1 pp vs world	9.1%	Not published	Not published	-6.2 pp vs world	3.4%	Not published	Not published	-4.8 pp vs world	68.2%	Not published	Not published	+27.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1993	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	11.2%	Not published	Not published	-13.5 pp vs world	6.0%	Not published	Not published	+0.0 pp vs world	8.5%	Not published	Not published	-6.6 pp vs world	3.4%	Not published	Not published	-4.9 pp vs world	70.9%	Not published	Not published	+29.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1994	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	10.3%	Not published	Not published	-14.2 pp vs world	5.7%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world	9.3%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.9 pp vs world	71.1%	Not published	Not published	+30.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1995	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	9.7%	Not published	Not published	-14.8 pp vs world	5.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.7 pp vs world	8.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.2 pp vs world	3.4%	Not published	Not published	-5.1 pp vs world	72.8%	Not published	Not published	+30.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1996	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	10.3%	Not published	Not published	-14.0 pp vs world	3.9%	Not published	Not published	-1.8 pp vs world	10.9%	Not published	Not published	-4.1 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.0 pp vs world	70.4%	Not published	Not published	+28.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1997	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	10.5%	Not published	Not published	-13.5 pp vs world	3.8%	Not published	Not published	-1.7 pp vs world	8.8%	Not published	Not published	-6.3 pp vs world	6.4%	Not published	Not published	-2.2 pp vs world	70.5%	Not published	Not published	+27.7 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1998	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	12.3%	Not published	Not published	-10.8 pp vs world	3.2%	Not published	Not published	-2.2 pp vs world	8.8%	Not published	Not published	-6.3 pp vs world	6.9%	Not published	Not published	-2.1 pp vs world	68.7%	Not published	Not published	+25.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1999	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	12.6%	Not published	Not published	-10.5 pp vs world	3.1%	Not published	Not published	-2.3 pp vs world	8.8%	Not published	Not published	-6.3 pp vs world	7.2%	Not published	Not published	-1.9 pp vs world	68.3%	Not published	Not published	+24.7 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2000	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	11.9%	Not published	Not published	-11.6 pp vs world	2.2%	Not published	Not published	-3.1 pp vs world	9.1%	Not published	Not published	-6.0 pp vs world	7.0%	Not published	Not published	-2.0 pp vs world	69.8%	Not published	Not published	+26.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2001	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	10.5%	Not published	Not published	-12.1 pp vs world	1.9%	Not published	Not published	-3.4 pp vs world	9.9%	Not published	Not published	-5.0 pp vs world	6.4%	Not published	Not published	-2.9 pp vs world	71.3%	Not published	Not published	+26.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2002	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	9.3%	Not published	Not published	-12.9 pp vs world	2.4%	Not published	Not published	-2.9 pp vs world	10.8%	Not published	Not published	-4.1 pp vs world	6.3%	Not published	Not published	-3.0 pp vs world	71.2%	Not published	Not published	+26.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2003	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	8.5%	Not published	Not published	-13.6 pp vs world	3.8%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	10.6%	Not published	Not published	-4.1 pp vs world	5.2%	Not published	Not published	-4.1 pp vs world	71.9%	Not published	Not published	+26.8 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2004	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	7.3%	Not published	Not published	-15.3 pp vs world	4.5%	Not published	Not published	-1.0 pp vs world	11.4%	Not published	Not published	-3.3 pp vs world	5.0%	Not published	Not published	-4.5 pp vs world	71.8%	Not published	Not published	+27.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2005	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	6.1%	Not published	Not published	-17.0 pp vs world	8.8%	Not published	Not published	+3.3 pp vs world	10.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.4 pp vs world	4.7%	Not published	Not published	-4.7 pp vs world	70.3%	Not published	Not published	+26.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2006	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	5.7%	Not published	Not published	-17.9 pp vs world	13.8%	Not published	Not published	+8.2 pp vs world	9.6%	Not published	Not published	-4.7 pp vs world	4.3%	Not published	Not published	-4.9 pp vs world	66.5%	Not published	Not published	+22.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2007	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	4.0%	Not published	Not published	-19.6 pp vs world	14.9%	Not published	Not published	+9.2 pp vs world	9.3%	Not published	Not published	-4.9 pp vs world	3.9%	Not published	Not published	-5.4 pp vs world	67.9%	Not published	Not published	+24.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2008	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	3.2%	Not published	Not published	-20.9 pp vs world	13.6%	Not published	Not published	+7.9 pp vs world	11.4%	Not published	Not published	-2.8 pp vs world	3.3%	Not published	Not published	-6.0 pp vs world	68.6%	Not published	Not published	+25.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2009	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	2.7%	Not published	Not published	-19.6 pp vs world	8.0%	Not published	Not published	+2.4 pp vs world	13.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.9 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-5.7 pp vs world	72.7%	Not published	Not published	+27.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2010	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	1.9%	Not published	Not published	-21.8 pp vs world	5.5%	Not published	Not published	+0.1 pp vs world	14.3%	Not published	Not published	+0.3 pp vs world	3.6%	Not published	Not published	-5.4 pp vs world	74.7%	Not published	Not published	+30.9 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2011	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	1.6%	Not published	Not published	-22.7 pp vs world	4.9%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world	14.8%	Not published	Not published	+0.8 pp vs world	3.3%	Not published	Not published	-5.6 pp vs world	75.4%	Not published	Not published	+32.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2012	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	1.5%	Not published	Not published	-22.6 pp vs world	4.8%	Not published	Not published	-0.7 pp vs world	15.0%	Not published	Not published	+0.9 pp vs world	3.0%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	75.8%	Not published	Not published	+32.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2013	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	1.3%	Not published	Not published	-22.4 pp vs world	4.4%	Not published	Not published	-1.1 pp vs world	14.7%	Not published	Not published	+0.6 pp vs world	2.7%	Not published	Not published	-6.2 pp vs world	76.8%	Not published	Not published	+33.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2014	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	1.4%	Not published	Not published	-22.0 pp vs world	6.1%	Not published	Not published	+0.6 pp vs world	14.5%	Not published	Not published	+0.4 pp vs world	3.0%	Not published	Not published	-6.0 pp vs world	75.0%	Not published	Not published	+31.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2015	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	1.6%	Not published	Not published	-20.7 pp vs world	8.8%	Not published	Not published	+3.3 pp vs world	14.4%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	3.7%	Not published	Not published	-5.5 pp vs world	71.4%	Not published	Not published	+27.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2016	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	1.7%	Not published	Not published	-19.9 pp vs world	7.2%	Not published	Not published	+1.6 pp vs world	14.5%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	3.8%	Not published	Not published	-5.4 pp vs world	72.8%	Not published	Not published	+28.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2017	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	1.8%	Not published	Not published	-20.2 pp vs world	5.2%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world	15.5%	Not published	Not published	+1.2 pp vs world	3.6%	Not published	Not published	-5.7 pp vs world	73.9%	Not published	Not published	+29.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2018	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	1.6%	Not published	Not published	-20.9 pp vs world	4.2%	Not published	Not published	-1.6 pp vs world	15.9%	Not published	Not published	+1.7 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-5.7 pp vs world	74.8%	Not published	Not published	+30.6 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2019	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	1.6%	Not published	Not published	-20.1 pp vs world	4.3%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	15.8%	Not published	Not published	+1.5 pp vs world	3.6%	Not published	Not published	-5.8 pp vs world	74.7%	Not published	Not published	+30.1 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2020	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	2.6%	Not published	Not published	-18.4 pp vs world	7.5%	Not published	Not published	+1.7 pp vs world	10.4%	Not published	Not published	-3.3 pp vs world	3.4%	Not published	Not published	-5.9 pp vs world	76.0%	Not published	Not published	+30.4 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2021	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	2.3%	Not published	Not published	-20.0 pp vs world	7.0%	Not published	Not published	+1.2 pp vs world	15.2%	Not published	Not published	+1.3 pp vs world	3.2%	Not published	Not published	-6.3 pp vs world	72.4%	Not published	Not published	+28.3 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2022	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	2.6%	Not published	Not published	-20.2 pp vs world	7.7%	Not published	Not published	+2.0 pp vs world	13.2%	Not published	Not published	-1.0 pp vs world	3.2%	Not published	Not published	-6.4 pp vs world	73.4%	Not published	Not published	+30.2 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2023	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	2.1%	Not published	Not published	-19.6 pp vs world	5.1%	Not published	Not published	-0.7 pp vs world	19.8%	Not published	Not published	+5.3 pp vs world	3.5%	Not published	Not published	-6.2 pp vs world	69.5%	Not published	Not published	+25.5 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2024	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	2.0%	Not published	Not published	-19.2 pp vs world	4.4%	Not published	Not published	-1.3 pp vs world	18.4%	Not published	Not published	+4.0 pp vs world	3.7%	Not published	Not published	-6.1 pp vs world	71.5%	Not published	Not published	+27.0 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

09 · Manufacturing position

What role does manufacturing play at home and in the world?

Domestic share, its place inside the parent industry, real growth, specialization and world contribution are kept together.

Full historical record

Manufacturing in the economic structure

Manufacturing accounts for 0.9% of total gross value added in 2024. In 2024, China, Macao Special Administrative Region was 14.8 percentage points below the world value.

Latest share: 0.9%
World specialization: 0.06×
Latest year: 2024

Formation1970–1990

14.9% → 16.5%

Percentage-point change: +1.6 pp

Integration1990–2010

16.5% → 0.8%

Percentage-point change: -15.6 pp

Current era2010–2024

0.8% → 0.9%

Percentage-point change: +0.0 pp

Share of total GVA0.9%2024 · Derived measure · World rank unavailable

Share within parent activity44.8%2024 · Derived measure · World rank unavailable

Real manufacturing growth-11.4%2024 · Published series · World rank 205 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Share of world manufacturing0.0%2024 · Derived measure · World rank 163 of 210 · highest-to-lowest

Manufacturing annual rates, ranks and specialization table55 annual rows

Manufacturing's annual structural, growth and world-position measures. Annual rows cover the full 1970–2024 AMA record wherever the source publishes a value. World ranks run highest-to-lowest. The position index converts rank to a 0–100 scale: 100 is first and 0 is last; it is not a performance score. World comparison is either a world-equals-100 value index or a percentage-point gap, according to the measure.

Filter rows

From yearTo year

Showing 55 of 55 rows

Manufacturing annual rates, ranks and specialization table

China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1970	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-11.0 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+2.8 pp vs world	Not published	Not published	Not published	Not published	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1971	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-10.7 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+3.2 pp vs world	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+4.7 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1972	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-10.6 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+3.2 pp vs world	7.9%	Not published	Not published	+1.5 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1973	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-10.7 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+3.8 pp vs world	7.8%	Not published	Not published	-1.2 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1974	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-10.2 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+7.7 pp vs world	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+6.5 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1975	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-9.3 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+7.8 pp vs world	7.9%	Not published	Not published	+10.8 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1976	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-9.4 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+8.1 pp vs world	7.8%	Not published	Not published	+0.6 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1977	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-9.2 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+8.4 pp vs world	7.9%	Not published	Not published	+4.0 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1978	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-9.2 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+7.9 pp vs world	8.0%	Not published	Not published	+4.5 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1979	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-8.9 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+9.7 pp vs world	7.6%	Not published	Not published	+3.4 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1980	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-8.0 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+13.2 pp vs world	8.1%	Not published	Not published	+7.8 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1981	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-7.6 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+13.4 pp vs world	8.3%	Not published	Not published	+7.0 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1982	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-7.2 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+12.8 pp vs world	6.3%	Not published	Not published	+8.0 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1983	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.9 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+12.8 pp vs world	9.7%	Not published	Not published	+7.8 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1984	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.9 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+12.2 pp vs world	8.9%	Not published	Not published	+3.5 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1985	14.9%	Not published	Not published	-6.8 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+11.3 pp vs world	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-3.5 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1986	14.7%	Not published	Not published	-7.2 pp vs world	86.8%	Not published	Not published	+7.6 pp vs world	5.2%	Not published	Not published	+3.1 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1987	15.2%	Not published	Not published	-6.6 pp vs world	86.9%	Not published	Not published	+7.6 pp vs world	17.4%	Not published	Not published	+12.8 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1988	15.0%	Not published	Not published	-6.8 pp vs world	87.0%	Not published	Not published	+6.9 pp vs world	6.7%	Not published	Not published	+1.0 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1989	14.1%	Not published	Not published	-7.3 pp vs world	86.5%	Not published	Not published	+6.7 pp vs world	-1.1%	Not published	Not published	-3.9 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1990	16.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.3 pp vs world	87.3%	Not published	Not published	+8.9 pp vs world	24.9%	Not published	Not published	+23.7 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1991	14.3%	Not published	Not published	-6.1 pp vs world	87.0%	Not published	Not published	+8.3 pp vs world	-7.7%	Not published	Not published	-7.7 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1992	11.4%	Not published	Not published	-8.4 pp vs world	84.7%	Not published	Not published	+6.4 pp vs world	-10.6%	Not published	Not published	-10.1 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1993	9.1%	Not published	Not published	-10.1 pp vs world	80.7%	Not published	Not published	+3.2 pp vs world	-17.8%	Not published	Not published	-17.2 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1994	8.3%	Not published	Not published	-10.9 pp vs world	80.3%	Not published	Not published	+2.0 pp vs world	-5.6%	Not published	Not published	-9.1 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1995	7.6%	Not published	Not published	-11.5 pp vs world	78.2%	Not published	Not published	+0.2 pp vs world	-6.2%	Not published	Not published	-11.1 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1996	7.8%	Not published	Not published	-10.8 pp vs world	76.0%	Not published	Not published	-0.5 pp vs world	-2.1%	Not published	Not published	-4.7 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1997	8.0%	Not published	Not published	-10.3 pp vs world	75.9%	Not published	Not published	-0.1 pp vs world	2.0%	Not published	Not published	-2.5 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1998	9.2%	Not published	Not published	-8.6 pp vs world	74.5%	Not published	Not published	-2.3 pp vs world	4.8%	Not published	Not published	+3.5 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	1999	9.3%	Not published	Not published	-8.2 pp vs world	74.0%	Not published	Not published	-1.9 pp vs world	-1.8%	Not published	Not published	-5.1 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2000	9.2%	Not published	Not published	-8.2 pp vs world	77.1%	Not published	Not published	+3.2 pp vs world	7.3%	Not published	Not published	+0.9 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2001	7.6%	Not published	Not published	-8.8 pp vs world	72.3%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world	-17.1%	Not published	Not published	-16.3 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2002	6.7%	Not published	Not published	-9.3 pp vs world	71.9%	Not published	Not published	-0.2 pp vs world	-4.4%	Not published	Not published	-5.4 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2003	6.0%	Not published	Not published	-9.9 pp vs world	70.0%	Not published	Not published	-1.5 pp vs world	-1.9%	Not published	Not published	-5.3 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2004	5.2%	Not published	Not published	-12.1 pp vs world	70.8%	Not published	Not published	-5.7 pp vs world	1.0%	Not published	Not published	-18.5 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2005	4.2%	Not published	Not published	-12.8 pp vs world	69.5%	Not published	Not published	-4.4 pp vs world	-7.9%	Not published	Not published	-12.2 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2006	4.0%	Not published	Not published	-13.1 pp vs world	70.0%	Not published	Not published	-2.5 pp vs world	4.6%	Not published	Not published	-2.0 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2007	2.9%	Not published	Not published	-14.2 pp vs world	71.6%	Not published	Not published	-0.9 pp vs world	-16.6%	Not published	Not published	-22.6 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2008	2.0%	Not published	Not published	-14.8 pp vs world	63.6%	Not published	Not published	-6.3 pp vs world	-29.7%	Not published	Not published	-30.9 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2009	1.4%	Not published	Not published	-14.8 pp vs world	53.7%	Not published	Not published	-19.0 pp vs world	-36.8%	Not published	Not published	-30.5 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2010	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-15.9 pp vs world	44.6%	Not published	Not published	-26.2 pp vs world	-25.6%	Not published	Not published	-34.6 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2011	0.7%	Not published	Not published	-16.1 pp vs world	46.0%	Not published	Not published	-23.3 pp vs world	-15.5%	Not published	Not published	-19.8 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2012	0.7%	Not published	Not published	-16.0 pp vs world	48.0%	Not published	Not published	-21.5 pp vs world	4.6%	Not published	Not published	+2.2 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2013	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-16.0 pp vs world	46.5%	Not published	Not published	-23.4 pp vs world	-8.9%	Not published	Not published	-12.0 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2014	0.6%	Not published	Not published	-16.1 pp vs world	45.7%	Not published	Not published	-26.0 pp vs world	12.0%	Not published	Not published	+7.8 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2015	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-16.2 pp vs world	47.2%	Not published	Not published	-29.0 pp vs world	10.2%	Not published	Not published	+6.6 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2016	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-16.0 pp vs world	46.3%	Not published	Not published	-31.0 pp vs world	-2.6%	Not published	Not published	-5.1 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2017	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-15.9 pp vs world	44.3%	Not published	Not published	-31.8 pp vs world	11.0%	Not published	Not published	+7.6 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2018	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-16.1 pp vs world	47.8%	Not published	Not published	-27.2 pp vs world	3.7%	Not published	Not published	-0.3 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2019	0.8%	Not published	Not published	-15.7 pp vs world	46.7%	Not published	Not published	-28.9 pp vs world	-5.8%	Not published	Not published	-7.2 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2020	1.0%	Not published	Not published	-15.3 pp vs world	37.9%	Not published	Not published	-39.7 pp vs world	-34.5%	Not published	Not published	-32.0 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2021	1.0%	Not published	Not published	-15.8 pp vs world	43.2%	Not published	Not published	-32.3 pp vs world	25.0%	Not published	Not published	+16.1 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2022	1.0%	Not published	Not published	-15.3 pp vs world	40.5%	Not published	Not published	-31.4 pp vs world	-8.5%	Not published	Not published	-10.5 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2023	1.0%	Not published	Not published	-14.9 pp vs world	48.2%	Not published	Not published	-25.2 pp vs world	41.4%	Not published	Not published	+39.8 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world
China, Macao Special Administrative Region	2024	0.9%	Not published	Not published	-14.8 pp vs world	44.8%	Not published	Not published	-29.2 pp vs world	-11.4%	Not published	Not published	-14.4 pp vs world	0.0%	Not published	Not published	-100.0 pp vs world

Calculations created by Tesseron World Observatory, data from UNSD Analysis of Main Aggregates (2026-01-28_89ede278; source updated 2026-01-28T00:00:00).

Interpretation note

Manufacturing is part of mining, manufacturing and utilities; it is not a seventh broad-industry slice. Share and real growth describe different dimensions.

Current manufacturing specialization

Asia0.04×

Eastern Asia0.04×

World0.06×

China, Macao Special Administrative Region Economic Overview

Read the economy through three eras

What should a reader know first?

Real output, indexed to a shared starting year

Real GDP trajectory

How large is the economy, and where does it sit globally?

Nominal GDP

Nominal GDP and UN benchmarks

What does the record show per person?

GDP per person

GDP per person and UN benchmarks

How quickly has real activity changed, and how have output prices moved?

Real GDP growth

Real GDP growth and UN benchmarks

How is output used for consumption and domestic demand?

Final Consumption

Final consumption and UN benchmarks

How much current output is directed toward capital formation?

Gross Capital Formation

Gross capital formation and UN benchmarks

How exposed is the economy to trade, and what is the external balance?

Trade openness

Trade openness and UN benchmarks

Which activities produce value, and how is the mix changing?

Structural change across six activities

Industry composition and economic scale

What role does manufacturing play at home and in the world?

Manufacturing in the economic structure